The geographic distribution of Sr isotopes from surface waters and soil extracts over the island of Bornholm (Denmark) – A base for provenance studies in archaeology and agriculture

The application of87Sr/86Sr in prehistoric mobility studies requires accurate strontium reference maps. These are often based from present-day surface waters. However, the use of agricultural lime in low to noncalcareous soils can substantially change the87Sr/86Sr compositions of surface waters. Water unaffected by agriculture in western Denmark has an average87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.7124 as compared to an average of 0.7097 in water from nearby farmland. The87Sr/86Sr ratio obtained from samples over 1.5 km along a stream, which originates in a forest and flows through lime-treated farmland, decreased from 0.7131 to 0.7099. Thus,87Sr/86Sr-based mobility and provenance studies in regions with low to noncalcareous soils should be reassessed. For example, reinterpreting the iconic Bronze Age women at Egtved and Skrydstrup using values unaffected by agricultural lime indicates that it is most plausible that these individuals originated close to their burial sites and not far abroad as previously suggested.

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On-Line Simultaneous Sorption Preconcentration and Determination of Chromium(III) and Chromium(VI) with AAS Detection

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19982015 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 63 (12) ◽

pp. 2015-2026 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Petr Rychlovský ◽

Milan Krenželok ◽

Radka Volhejnová

Keyword(s):

Surface Waters ◽

Acidic Solution ◽

Soil Extracts ◽

Sorption Preconcentration ◽

Chromium Vi ◽

Chromazurol S ◽

On Line ◽

Weakly Acidic Solution ◽

Simultaneous Sorption

Speciation and simultaneous preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) is based on the sorption of the reaction product of Cr(III) with Chromazurol S in weakly acidic solution and the sorption of the reaction product of Cr(VI) with sodium diethylcarbamate in strongly acidic solution. Reversed C18 phase was used for sorption of both the products. Both the complexes were eluted from columns directly into an AAS nebulizer using methanol. All the processes were automated. This method can be used for initial concentrations of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) below 1 ppm. The detection limits were 0.2 μg l-1 for Cr(III) and 2.4 μg l-1 for Cr(VI). This method was tested for analysis of practical samples (drinking and surface waters and soil extracts).

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Homogeneous Glacial Landscapes Can Have High Local Variability of Strontium Isotope Signatures: Implications for Prehistoric Migration Studies

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.3389/fevo.2020.588318 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erik Thomsen ◽

Rasmus Andreasen ◽

Tine L. Rasmussen

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Viking Age ◽

Surprising Result ◽

Sr Isotopes ◽

Substantial Impact ◽

Vital Importance ◽

Prehistoric Migration ◽

The Impact ◽

Local Variability

Increasingly, strontium (Sr) isotopes are used to distinguish locals and migrants in prehistoric studies, by measuring 87Sr/86Sr in human remains and comparing these values to the distribution of the bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in the study area, often in surface water. However, it has recently been shown that agricultural lime can have a substantial impact on the 87Sr/86Sr ratio and strontium concentration in surface water in areas where soils are low- to non-calcareous. Agricultural lime is rich in strontium with low 87Sr/86Sr ratios, such that interpretations of prehistoric migration based on surface waters affected by agricultural lime often overestimate the number of migrants in a given area. However, the impact of agricultural lime was questioned in a new study, which argues that strontium derived from agricultural lime is retained in the topsoil of the fields and therefore do not contaminate the surface water. In the present study and in a companion study in this volume, we show that strontium derived from agricultural lime is highly mobile in soils, and so contaminate surface waters extensively. We also show that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios are consistently higher in waters from “pristine areas” (where no agricultural lime has been applied within a distance of 150 m from the sample locality) than in water from farmland, thus confirming that it is of vital importance for accurate mapping of isoscapes to avoid sampling waters contaminated by agricultural lime. Our new measurements of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in central Jutland, Denmark, raise the highest measured values to 0.7186. High values between 0.7140 and 0.7156 occur repeatedly and it is apparent that nearly all prehistoric human finds in Jutland, previously believed to have journeyed from afar are more likely of local origin. Furthermore, we show that carbonate-rich areas along the coast of southwest Zealand carry high 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7112–0.7132), where we would expect low values. This surprising result indicates that nearly all humans buried at the Viking Age site, Trelleborg could well have originated locally, in contrast to past studies, which have suggested that about 50% of the burials were of individuals who came from afar.

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The geographic distribution of bioavailable strontium isotopes in Greece – A base for provenance studies in archaeology

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148156 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 148156

Author(s):

Anja B. Frank ◽

Robert Frei ◽

Ioanna Moutafi ◽

Sofia Voutsaki ◽

Raphaël Orgeolet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Strontium Isotopes ◽

Provenance Studies

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Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700062603 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Susan T. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Habitat Associations ◽

Habitat Association ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Almost All ◽

Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

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Identifying Sources of Sulfate Aerosols Reaching Whiteface Mountain, NY

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100117546 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

James S. Webber

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Acid Deposition ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Dry Deposition ◽

Coal Combustion ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Sulfate Aerosols ◽

Wet And Dry Deposition ◽

Whiteface Mountain ◽

Toxic Trace Metals

INTRODUCTION“Acid rain” and “acid deposition” are terms no longer confined to the lexicon of atmospheric scientists and 1imnologists. Public awareness of and concern over this phenomenon, particularly as it affects acid-sensitive regions of North America, have increased dramatically in the last five years. Temperate ecosystems are suffering from decreased pH caused by acid deposition. Human health may be directly affected by respirable sulfates and by the increased solubility of toxic trace metals in acidified waters. Even man's monuments are deteriorating as airborne acids etch metal and stone features.Sulfates account for about two thirds of airborne acids with wet and dry deposition contributing equally to acids reaching surface waters or ground. The industrial Midwest is widely assumed to be the source of most sulfates reaching the acid-sensitive Northeast since S02 emitted as a byproduct of coal combustion in the Midwest dwarfs S02 emitted from all sources in the Northeast.

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