No effects of explicit approach-avoidance training on immediate consumption of soft drinks

Appetite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Krishna ◽  
Andreas B. Eder
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Explicit Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance

Instruction-Based Approach-Avoidance Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Van Dessel ◽  
Jan De Houwer ◽  
Anne Gast ◽  
Colin Tucker Smith
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Evaluative Priming ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures

Prior research suggests that repeatedly approaching or avoiding a certain stimulus changes the liking of this stimulus. We investigated whether these effects of approach and avoidance training occur also when participants do not perform these actions but are merely instructed about the stimulus-action contingencies. Stimulus evaluations were registered using both implicit (Implicit Association Test and evaluative priming) and explicit measures (valence ratings). Instruction-based approach-avoidance effects were observed for relatively neutral fictitious social groups (i.e., Niffites and Luupites), but not for clearly valenced well-known social groups (i.e., Blacks and Whites). We conclude that instructions to approach or avoid stimuli can provide sufficient bases for establishing both implicit and explicit evaluations of novel stimuli and discuss several possible reasons for why similar instruction-based approach-avoidance effects were not found for valenced well-known stimuli.

Effects of Approach-Avoidance Training on Implicit and Explicit Evaluations of Neutral, Angry, and Smiling Face Stimuli

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella L. Woud ◽  
Eni S. Becker ◽  
Wolf-Gero Lange ◽  
Mike Rinck
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
The Face ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Face Stimuli ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Neutral Expression

A growing body of evidence shows that the prolonged execution of approach movements towards stimuli and avoidance movements away from them affects their evaluation. However, there has been no systematic investigation of such training effects. Therefore, the present study compared approach-avoidance training effects on various valenced representations of one neutral (Experiment 1, N = 85), angry (Experiment 2, N = 87), or smiling facial expressions (Experiment 3, N = 89). The face stimuli were shown on a computer screen, and by means of a joystick, participants pulled half of the faces closer (positive approach movement), and pushed the other half away (negative avoidance movement). Only implicit evaluations of neutral-expression were affected by the training procedure. The boundary conditions of such approach-avoidance training effects are discussed.

The pulling power of chocolate: Effects of approach–avoidance training on approach bias and consumption

Appetite ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Dickson ◽  
David J. Kavanagh ◽  
Colin MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Approach Bias ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Evaluating the role of Approach-Avoidance Training on action-tendencies in individuals with skin-picking disorder: A preliminary randomized experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel S. Mathew ◽  
Madeline A. Rech ◽  
Han-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Skin Picking ◽  
Assessment Task ◽  
Approach Training ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Excoriation Disorder ◽  
Skin Picking Disorder ◽  
Action Tendencies

AbstractBackground and aimsPathological skin-picking (PSP) or excoriation disorder is a destructive behavior that affects 1-2% of the general population. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of a computerized behavior modification task on action-tendencies (i.e., approach or avoidance) in adults with PSP. We aimed to modify these action-tendencies by having participants with PSP complete the Approach-Avoidance Training (AAT) task, using a joystick to simulate an approach (=pull) or avoidance (=push) response.MethodForty-five participants diagnosed with PSP were randomized to one of three training conditions: (1) Avoidance Training (AvT; n = 15), (2) Approach Training (ApT; n = 15), or (3) Placebo Training (PT; n = 15). We hypothesized that after training, those in the AvT would have the greatest reduction in behavioral approach (i.e., their overall reaction time [RT] to approach pictures of irregular skin stimuli).ResultsResults of the pre-training assessment task revealed a positive correlation between behavioral approach to irregular skin stimuli and skin-picking severity as assessed by the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R). After training, a lower behavioral approach and urges to pick were found in the AvT and PT groups, while those in the ApT reported higher behavioral approach and urges to pick. At two-week follow-up, no significant changes on the SPS-R were reported between groups.DiscussionOur preliminary data suggest that the AAT is a promising avenue of research to develop as a cognitive intervention to address an excessive behavioral approach tendency that characterizes skin-picking problems.

scholarly journals Polarity Specific Effects of Cross-Hemispheric tDCS Coupled With Approach-Avoidance Training on Chocolate Craving

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Carvalho ◽  
Adriana Sampaio ◽  
Augusto J. Mendes ◽  
Alberto Lema ◽  
Daniela Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Feasibility and Effectiveness of Adding an Approach Avoidance Training With Game Elements to a Residential Childhood Obesity Treatment — A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Verbeken ◽  
Wouter J. Boendermaker ◽  
Tom Loeys ◽  
Ellen Moens ◽  
Lien Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Obesity Treatment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Usual Condition ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Game Elements

Childhood obesity treatment programs only result in moderate outcomes in the short term and do not reduce risk for future weight gain. Therefore, in the current study, Approach Avoidance Training (AAT) with motivational game elements will be added to an inpatient childhood obesity program with the aim of improving outcomes. Forty-one children (10–15 years) in the final months of an inpatient treatment program were randomised to either the AAT plus care-as-usual condition group or to a care-as-usual-only control group. During the 10 sessions, the children were trained to approach healthy food stimuli and to avoid unhealthy food stimuli. Treatment outcomes were child performances on tasks of AAT, implicit attitudes and attentional bias, self-report ratings on craving symptoms, and weight loss maintenance after leaving the clinic (12-week follow-up). Changes over time were not significantly different between conditions for the measures of automatic processes, craving, and weight loss maintenance. Possible accounts for the null findings, including sample size, influence of game elements, point of time in therapeutic process, limitations of the setting, and the control group are discussed. More research is needed before firm conclusions can be drawn about the clinical usefulness of CBM for weight control in childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of a Smartphone-Based Approach-Avoidance Intervention on Chocolate Craving and Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/12298 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e12298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Anna Richard ◽  
Radomir Dinic ◽  
Jens Blechert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
High Calorie

Background Repeatedly pushing high-calorie food stimuli away based on joystick movements has been found to reduce approach biases toward these stimuli. Some studies also found that such avoidance training reduced consumption of high-calorie foods. Objective This study aimed to test effects of a smartphone-based approach-avoidance intervention on chocolate craving and consumption, to make such interventions suitable for daily use. Methods Within a 10-day period, regular chocolate eaters (n=105, 86% female) performed five sessions during which they continuously avoided (ie, swiped upward) chocolate stimuli (experimental group, n=35), performed five sessions during which they approached and avoided chocolate stimuli equally often (placebo control group, n=35), or did not perform any training sessions (inactive control group, n=35). Training effects were measured during laboratory sessions before and after the intervention period and further continuously through daily ecological momentary assessment. Results Self-reported chocolate craving and consumption as well as body fat mass significantly decreased from pre- to postmeasurement across all groups. Ecological momentary assessment reports evidenced no differences in chocolate craving and consumption between intervention days and rest days as a function of the group. Conclusions A smartphone-based approach-avoidance training did not affect eating-related and anthropometric measures over and above measurement-based changes in this study. Future controlled studies need to examine whether other techniques of modifying food approach tendencies show an add-on benefit over conventional, monitoring-based intervention effects. Trial Registration AsPredicted 8203; https://aspredicted.org/pt9df.pdf.

scholarly journals Effects of a Smartphone-Based Approach-Avoidance Intervention on Chocolate Craving and Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Anna Richard ◽  
Radomir Dinic ◽  
Jens Blechert
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Avoidance Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
High Calorie

BACKGROUND Repeatedly pushing high-calorie food stimuli away based on joystick movements has been found to reduce approach biases toward these stimuli. Some studies also found that such avoidance training reduced consumption of high-calorie foods. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test effects of a smartphone-based approach-avoidance intervention on chocolate craving and consumption, to make such interventions suitable for daily use. METHODS Within a 10-day period, regular chocolate eaters (n=105, 86% female) performed five sessions during which they continuously avoided (ie, swiped upward) chocolate stimuli (experimental group, n=35), performed five sessions during which they approached and avoided chocolate stimuli equally often (placebo control group, n=35), or did not perform any training sessions (inactive control group, n=35). Training effects were measured during laboratory sessions before and after the intervention period and further continuously through daily ecological momentary assessment. RESULTS Self-reported chocolate craving and consumption as well as body fat mass significantly decreased from pre- to postmeasurement across all groups. Ecological momentary assessment reports evidenced no differences in chocolate craving and consumption between intervention days and rest days as a function of the group. CONCLUSIONS A smartphone-based approach-avoidance training did not affect eating-related and anthropometric measures over and above measurement-based changes in this study. Future controlled studies need to examine whether other techniques of modifying food approach tendencies show an add-on benefit over conventional, monitoring-based intervention effects. CLINICALTRIAL AsPredicted 8203; https://aspredicted.org/pt9df.pdf.

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