Influence of SHI upon nanohole free volume and micro scale level surface modifications of polyethyleneterephthalate polymer films

2015 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Paramjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Free Volume ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Level Surface ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Micro Scale

MICRO AND MESO SCALES OF DESCRIPTION CORRESPONDING TO A MODEL OF TISSUE INVASION BY SOLID TUMOURS

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIROSŁAW LACHOWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Solid Tumours ◽  
Macroscopic Model ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Tissue Invasion ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Meso Scale

In this paper two new mathematical models are proposed that correspond to a macroscopic model of tissue invasion of solid tumours, in terms of a system of reaction-diffusion-chemotaxis equations. The first model is defined at the micro-scale level of a large number of interacting individual entities, and is in terms of a linear (Markov) equation. The second model refers to the meso-scale level of description of test-entities and is given in terms of a bilinear Boltzmann-type equation. Mathematical relationships among these three possible descriptions are formulated. Explicit error estimates are given.

New surface modifications of polymer films with the excimer laser radiation

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Lazare ◽  
Pascale Benet ◽  
Matthias Bolle ◽  
Philipe De Donato ◽  
Eric Bernardy
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Excimer Laser Radiation

Analysis of smallholder farmers’ vulnerability to climate change and variability in south Wollo, north east highlands of Ethiopia: An agro-ecological system-based approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimer Mohammed ◽  
Kindie Tesfaye ◽  
Menfese Tadesse ◽  
Fantaw Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
North East ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Abstract Background: Climate change and variability has been significantly affecting the Ethiopian agricultural production and thereby smallholder farmers livelihoods. The level of vulnerability varied across agro-ecological zones (AEZs). Identification of difference in the level of vulnerability of a system is important in selecting appropriate and effective adaption options to climate change. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the level of vulnerability of agricultural communities to climate change and variability at micro-scale level in five agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of south Wollo, north east highlands of Ethiopia. Data was collected from a representative of 502 sample households from five AEZs through multi stage random sampling methods. Focus group discussion and key informant interviews were also carried out to supplement and substantiate the quantitative data. The indicator based approach was used to empirically calculate vulnerability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to give weight for indicators and generate index of vulnerability contributing factors. Results: The results showed that each of the vulnerability contributing factors (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) varied across the AEZs. M3, SM2 and SM3 are the most exposed AEZs but having a relatively better adaptive capacity whereas M1, M2 and M3 are the most sensitive AEZs with relatively low adaptive capacity to climate variability and change. Overall, SM2 is the most vulnerable AEZ which exhibited high sensitivity and low adaptive capacity followed by M1. Conclusions: The study explored sources and levels of vulnerability to each agro-ecology. Since the study is conducted at micro-scale level, it helps decision makers and development partners to have context-specific understanding of the impact of climate change and variability and design appropriate adaptation measures to address the specific situations.

Multi-Scale Analysis of Viscoelastic Behavior of Laminated Composite Structures

2010 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Y. Shibuya ◽  
Hideki Sekine
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Laminated Composite Structures ◽  
Multi Scale Analysis

For high temperature applications of laminated composite structures, viscoelastic behavior of laminated composite structures is investigated by multi-scale analysis based on a homogenization theory. Effective viscoelastic properties of the laminas are evaluated by a boundary integral method at a micro-scale level, and viscoelastic analysis for laminated composite structures is performed by a finite element method at a macro-scale level using the effective viscoelastic properties of lamina obtained by the micro-scale analysis. In the multi-scale analysis, the Laplace transformation is adopted and the correspondence principle between elastic and viscoelastic solutions in the Laplace domain is applied. The inverse Laplace transform is formulated by the Duhamel integral, and is calculated numerically. As a numerical example, a laminated composite plate with a hole is treated and the viscoelastic behavior of the laminated composite structure is elucidated.

The Effect of Solids Microcharacteristics on the Macroscopic Parameters of Plastic Deformation Localization in Metals

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Lev Zuev ◽  
Svetlana A. Barannikova
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Deformation Localization ◽  
Quasi Particle ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Macroscopic Parameters

A new approach is proposed for description of autowave processes responsible for plastic deformation localization in metals and alloys. It is postulated that to a localized flow autowave there corresponds a quasi-particle. The characteristics of the quasi-particle have been determined. A direct relationship has been established between the processes involved in the deformation on a macro- and a micro-scale level.

Characterization of adhesive penetration in wood bond by means of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM)

Holzforschung ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deliang Xu ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Handong Zhou ◽  
Yujie Meng ◽  
Siqun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Transitional Region ◽  
Scanning Thermal Microscopy ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Thermal Microscopy ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Adhesive Penetration

Abstract The penetration characteristics of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin, modified by two different nanomaterials (PFmod), has been studied by means of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM). The thermal conductivity (ThC) of the two PFmod was lower than that of the cell wall (CW), but the ThC of both PF resins was basically the same. SThM imaging revealed the penetration of parts of PFmod into the CW by a ThC transitional region, which exists between the CW and the resin. In the transitional zone, the ThC changed obviously in a region about 2 μm in width. This region includes two subregions, one about 0.7 μm and another 1.3 μm in width. The first one is the interface, where PFmod and the CW are in direct contact where the ThC changes rapidly. In the second subregion, the PFmod and CW are in interaction, and ThC changes slowly. Regarding the adhesives’ penetration into the cell lumen, the ThC of the penetrating adhesive was higher than that in the glue line, and this is an indication that SThM is a useful tool to detect the differences of adhesive penetration at the micro-scale level.

Nano- and micro-scale free volume in ultrafine grained Cu–1wt.%Pb alloy deformed by equal channel angular pressing

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (19) ◽  
pp. 5706-5717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiy V. Divinski ◽  
Jens Ribbe ◽  
Dietmar Baither ◽  
Guido Schmitz ◽  
Gerrit Reglitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Volume ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Ultrafine Grained

Free volume model for dielectric constant of polymer films

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abe Eftekhari ◽  
Anne St. Clair ◽  
Diane M. Stockly ◽  
Danny R. Sprinkle ◽  
Jag J. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Free Volume ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Volume Model ◽  
Free Volume Model
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