scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy in the ageing patient: The impact of age per se (A review)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsher Singh ◽  
Beata Bajorek
Keyword(s):  
Per Se ◽  
Ageing Patient ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Airbnb on a non-touristic city. A Case study of short-term rentals in Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain)

Erdkunde ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Marcus Hübscher ◽  
Juana Schulze ◽  
Felix zur Lage ◽  
Johannes Ringel
Keyword(s):  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rental Market ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Web Scraping ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact

Short-term rentals such as Airbnb have become a persistent element of today’s urbanism around the globe. The impacts are manifold and differ depending on the context. In cities with a traditionally smaller accommodation market, the impacts might be particularly strong, as Airbnb contributes to ongoing touristification processes. Despite that, small and medium-sized cities have not been in the centre of research so far. This paper focuses on Santa Cruz de Tenerife as a medium-sized Spanish city. Although embedded in the touristic region of the Canary Islands, Santa Cruz is not a tourist city per se but still relies on touristification strategies. This paper aims to expand the knowledge of Airbnb’s spatial patterns in this type of city. The use of data collected from web scraping and geographic information systems (GIS) demonstrates that Airbnb has opened up new tourism markets outside of the centrally established tourist accommodations. It also shows that the price gap between Airbnb and the housing rental market is broadest in neighbourhoods that had not experienced tourism before Airbnb entered the market. In the centre the highest prices and the smallest units are identified, but two peripheral quarters stand out. Anaga Mountains, a natural and rural space, has the highest numbers of Airbnb listings per capita. Suroeste, a suburban quarter, shows the highest growth rates on the rental market, which implies a linkage between Airbnb and suburbanization processes.

scholarly journals History and impact of a bean (Phaseolus spp., Leguminosae, Phaseoleae) collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Daniel Debouck ◽  
Marcela Santaella ◽  
Luis Guillermo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conservation And Management

This work explains the reasons why a bean collection was established in 1973 at the International Center of Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) near Palmira in Colombia. It shows the impact of the collection on plant breeding and in agricultural development through the distribution of germplasm to the center’s bean breeding program, to successively find resistances to pests and diseases, adaptation to low phosphorus and drought, and more recently higher content of iron and zinc in seeds. The collection was also used to progress knowledge in biological sciences, as shown by a dozen of examples. A reason behind these successes was foresight and focus on diversity per se in the collection. The paper ends with a number of suggestions for the way ahead for the genetic resources conservation and management of these bean crops, and possible take-home lessons for curators in charge of other similar collections.

Can Advertising Copy Make FSI Coupons More Effective?

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
France Leclerc ◽  
John D. C. Little
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Packaged Goods ◽  
Print Advertisement ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact

Packaged goods manufacturers distribute cents-off coupons in freestanding inserts (FSIs) in newspapers. Free-standing insert coupons are typically composed of two parts: the coupon per se and a print advertisement. Using two laboratory experiments and a separate analysis of coupon measurements from scanner panels, the authors investigate whether the content of the print advertisement influences the effectiveness of the coupon. Theoretical arguments suggest that the impact on consumer attitudes will depend on the executional cues of the copy, the brand loyalty of the consumers, and the consumer's involvement with the product category. The results support the theoretical framework and suggest that it is possible to make FSI coupons more effective by choosing appropriate executional cues for their advertising copy.

scholarly journals Clavulanate Induces Expression of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa AmpC Cephalosporinase at Physiologically Relevant Concentrations and Antagonizes the Antibacterial Activity of Ticarcillin

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Lister ◽  
Victoria M. Gardner ◽  
Christine C. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Model ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Minimal Level ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Although previous studies have indicated that clavulanate may induce AmpC expression in isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the impact of this inducer activity on the antibacterial activity of ticarcillin at clinically relevant concentrations has not been investigated. Therefore, a study was designed to determine if the inducer activity of clavulanate was associated with in vitro antagonism of ticarcillin at pharmacokinetically relevant concentrations. By the disk approximation methodology, clavulanate induction of AmpC expression was observed with 8 of 10 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Quantitative studies demonstrated a significant induction of AmpC when clavulanate-inducible strains were exposed to the peak concentrations of clavulanate achieved in human serum with the 3.2- and 3.1-g doses of ticarcillin-clavulanate. In studies with three clavulanate-inducible strains in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model, antagonism of the bactericidal effect of ticarcillin was observed in some tests with regimens simulating a 3.1-g dose of ticarcillin-clavulanate and in all tests with regimens simulating a 3.2-g dose of ticarcillin-clavulanate. No antagonism was observed in studies with two clavulanate-noninducible strains. In contrast to clavulanate, tazobactam failed to induce AmpC expression in any strains, and the pharmacodynamics of piperacillin-tazobactam were somewhat enhanced over those of piperacillin alone against all strains studied. Overall, the data collected from the pharmacodynamic model suggested that induction per se was not always associated with reduced killing but that a certain minimal level of induction by clavulanate was required before antagonism of the antibacterial activity of its companion drug occurred. Nevertheless, since clinically relevant concentrations of clavulanate can antagonize the bactericidal activity of ticarcillin, the combination of ticarcillin-clavulanate should be avoided when selecting an antipseudomonal β-lactam for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. For piperacillin-tazobactam, induction is not an issue in the context of treating this pathogen.

Japan’s Security and Historical Revisionism: Explaining the Variation in Responses to and Impact of Textbook Controversies

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-336
Author(s):  
M. Erika Pollmann
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Historical Revisionism ◽  
Soft Balancing ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Economic Relationship ◽  
The Impact

This article builds on previous academic works to elucidate a theory as to how Japan’s historical revisionism could have a negative impact on Japan’s security. It then tests this theory by examining the impact that the 1982, 1986, 2001 and 2005 controversies had on Japan’s relationships with China, South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam. It concludes that historical revisionism does not have a significant security impact, defined as audience states’ distancing themselves from Japan, diplomatically ‘soft’ balancing Japan, or militarily ‘hard’ balancing Japan. This research design is an improvement over previous works on this subject because it draws a clear distinction between reaction and impact. Even though it is ‘cheap’ to impute Japanese motives following an act of historical revisionism, it is ‘costly’ to act on such accusations by either distancing from Japan or balancing against Japan. This helps clarify what concerns– if any–Japan should have about the collateral damage arising from historical revisionism. Based on the empirical evidence examined, historical revisionism per se does not pose a serious problem to Japan because the most important determinant of how severe a controversy’s impact on Japan’s relationship with a given audience state is the pre-existing nature of Japan’s security and economic relationship with that state. The most significant consequence of revisionism is that it presents an opening for China—Japan’s main security rival in the region—to attempt to ‘soft’ balance Japan by rallying international opinion against Japan in such a way as to impede other Japanese diplomatic objectives.

Evaluating the impact of distributed culturally responsive leadership in a disadvantaged rural primary school in Ireland

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brown ◽  
Gerry McNamara ◽  
Joe O’Hara ◽  
Stafford Hood ◽  
Denise Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Culturally Responsive Leadership ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Impact

This paper suggests that distributed leadership is a vital first step in making schools flexible enough to respond to new pressures. However, it is then argued that distributed leadership per se does not necessarily imply a commitment to a particular stance on issues of social justice, such as equality, but rather that this can only flow from leaders becoming culturally responsive to the diverse traditions and needs of the changing populations of their schools. We define this combination as ‘distributed culturally responsive leadership’. The second part of the paper attempts to illustrate this argument by closely examining the philosophy and actions of a particular principal who is regarded as an exemplar of good practice. The methodology used in the school case study is described and, finally, we provide a presentation and analysis of the data followed by a discussion of the research findings.

Beyond constructivism: navigationism in the knowledge era

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

PurposeThis paper seeks to discuss past and present paradigm shifts in education and then to explore possible future learning paradigms in the light of the knowledge explosion in the knowledge era that is currently being entered.Design/methodology/approachNew learning paradigms and paradigm shifts are explored.FindingsLearning processes and learning paradigms are still very much founded in a content‐driven and knowledge production paradigm. The rapid developments in information and communication technologies already have and will continue to have a profound impact on information processing, knowledge production and learning paradigms. One needs to acknowledge the increasing role and impact of technology on education and training. One has already experienced enormous challenges in coping with the current overflow of available information. It is difficult to imagine what it will be like when the knowledge economy is in its prime.Practical implicationsInstitutions should move away from providing content per se to learners. It is necessary to focus on how to enable learners to find, identify, manipulate and evaluate information and knowledge, to integrate this knowledge in their world of work and life, to solve problems and to communicate this knowledge to others. Teachers and trainers should become coaches and mentors within the knowledge era – the source of how to navigate in the ocean of available information and knowledge – and learners should acquire navigating skills for a navigationist learning paradigm.Originality/valueThis paper stimulates out‐of‐the‐box thinking about current learning paradigms and educational and training practices. It provides a basis to identify the impact of the new knowledge economy on the way one deals with information and knowledge and how one deals with learning content and content production. It emphasizes that the focus should not be on the creation of knowledge per se, but on how to navigate in the ocean of available knowledge and information. It urges readers to anticipate the on future and to explore alternative and appropriate learning paradigms.

scholarly journals Common and dissociable contributions of alexithymia and autism to domain-specific interoceptive dysregulations – a dimensional neuroimaging approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Li ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zheng ◽  
Meina Fu ◽  
Feng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Empathy Deficits ◽  
Affective Pain ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Neural Reactivity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlexithymia represents a transdiagnostic marker across psychiatric entities associated with emotional impairments, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Accumulating evidence suggests that interoceptive dysfunctions that underpin the core symptomatic emotion recognition and empathy deficits in ASD may be contributed to by high levels of alexithymia rather than autistic symptoms per se. However, previous findings are hampered by generally elevated alexithymia in ASD patients, and thus were not able to differentiate common and distinct contributions across the entire spectrum of variations of autism and alexithymia. Moreover, the multi-factorial nature of the domains affected, such as distinct neural reactivity towards perceiving physical and affective pain, has not been accounted for. Against this background the present fMRI study employed a dimensional trait approach in n = 242 healthy subjects to determine common and distinct associations between both traits and pain empathic responses towards physical and affective pain. Higher levels of alexithymia associated with increased left anterior insula pain empathic reactivity. Disentangling these effects revealed a positive association during perceived physical pain, but a negative one during affective pain. No significant associations with trait autism were found, but an interaction effect between the trait dimensions was observed in the mid-cingulate cortex. Moderation analysis demonstrated that trait autism only impacted mid-cingulate reactivity towards physical pain in high alexithymia subjects, whereas reactivity towards affective pain was specifically associated with trait autism in low alexithymia subjects. Findings confirm previous patient studies suggesting that alexithymia rather than autism per se may drive altered insula pain empathic reactivity. Importantly, the present approach allowed for the first time to demonstrate that the impact of alexithymia on insula reactivity varies as a function of the pain empathic domain and that effects on other core empathy nodes evolve in interaction with trait autism.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Globalization on Inequality in the Post-COVID-19 World: Evidence From China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsun Se Cheong ◽  
Yanrui Wu ◽  
Michal Wojewodzki ◽  
Ning Ma
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
County Level ◽  
Primary Industry ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
The Impact

Empirical studies suggest that globalization (FDI and international trade) has been greatly affected by the COVID-19 and related anti-pandemic measures imposed by governments worldwide. This paper investigates the impact of globalization on intra-provincial income inequality in China and the data is based on the county level. The findings reveal that FDI is negatively associated with intra-provincial inequality, intra-provincial inequality increases as the primary industry sector (agriculture) declines. The result also finds that the increase in inequality stems not from the development in the tertiary or secondary industry sectors per se, but the unevenness in the distribution of these sectors.

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