Incidence and Risk Factors for Peripheral Nerve Injury After 383,000 Total Knee Arthroplasties Using a New York State Database (SPARCS)

SUMMARYTo assess the prevalence and risk factors for colonization withStaphylococcus aureusin inmates entering two maximum-security prisons in New York State, USA, inmates (N = 830) were interviewed and anterior nares and oropharyngeal samples collected. Isolates were characterized usingspatyping. Overall, 50·5% of women and 58·3% of men were colonized withS. aureusand 10·6% of women and 5·9% of men were colonized with MRSA at either or both body sites. Of MSSA isolates, the major subtypes werespatype 008 and 002. Overall, risk factors forS. aureuscolonization varied by gender and were only found in women and included younger age, fair/poor self-reported general health, and longer length of prior incarceration. Prevalence of MRSA colonization was 8·2%, nearly 10 times greater than in the general population. Control of epidemicS. aureusin prisons should consider the constant introduction of strains by new inmates.

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Geographic Variation in the Utilization and Choice of Procedures for Treating Coronary Artery Disease in New York State

Journal of Health Services Research & Policy ◽

10.1177/135581969700200303 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 137-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Edward L. Hannan ◽

Dinesh Kumar ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

New York State ◽

Geographic Variations ◽

Patient Risk ◽

York State ◽

Geographical Variations ◽

Choice Of Procedure

Objectives: To examine geographical variations in rates of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in New York State, and to examine variations in the choice between these two procedures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from the New York registries for CABG and angioplasty was conducted. Rates were compared for 12 different regions of the state to assess geographic variations. To assess variations in the choice of procedure, frequencies of each procedure by region were compared with expected frequencies obtained by a logistic regression model that related procedure performance to various patient risk factors. Results: There was more than a three-fold variation in age/sex adjusted CABG rates and more than a two-fold variation in age/sex adjusted angioplasty rates among regions. The regional percentages of patients undergoing CABG rather than PTCA ranged from 49% to 70%, and most of the disparity was not related to patient risk factors. Instead, the disparity was largely a result of differences in racial composition and the hospitalization rate for myocardial infarctions. Conclusions: There is considerable regional variation in New York in the tendency to use aggressive cardiac procedures and in the choice of which procedure to use, and these differences are mostly unrelated to patient need.

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Different outcomes for different interventions with different focus!— A cross-country comparison of community interventions in rural Swedish and US populations

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/14034948010290021801 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 29 (56_suppl) ◽

pp. 46-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Weinehall ◽

C. Lewis ◽

A.N. Nafziger ◽

P.L. Jenkins ◽

T.A. Erb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

New York State ◽

Reference Population ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

York State ◽

The Us ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Objectives: There is a need among healthcare providers to acquire more knowledge about small-scale and low budget community intervention programmes. This paper compares risk factor outcomes in Swedish and US intervention programmes for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim was to explore how different intervention programme profiles affect outcome. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental design, trends in risk factors and estimated CVD risk in two intervention areas (Norsjö, Sweden and Otsego- Schoharie County, New York state) are compared with those in reference areas (Northern Sweden region and Herkimer County, New York state) using serial cross-sectional studies and panel studies. Results: The programmes were able to achieve significant changes in CVD risk factors that the local communities recognized as major concerns: changing eating habits in the Swedish population and reducing smoking in the US population. For the Swedish cross-sectional follow-up study cholesterol reduction was 12%, compared to 5% in the reference population ( p for trend differences < 0.000) . The significantly higher estimated CVD risk (as assessed by risk scores) at baseline in the intervention population was below that of the Swedish reference population after 5 years of intervention. The Swedish panel study provided the same results. In the US, both the serial cross-sectional and panel studies showed a >10% decline in smoking prevalence in the intervention population, while it increased slightly in the reference population. When pooling the serial cross-sectional studies the estimated risk reduction (using the Framingham risk equation) was significantly greater in the intervention populations compared to the reference populations. Conclusions: The overall pattern of risk reduction is consistent and suggests that the two different models of rural county intervention can contribute to significant risk reduction. The Swedish programme had its greatest effect on reduction of serum cholesterol levels whereas the US programme had its greatest effect on smoking prevention and cessation. These outcomes are consistent with programmatic emphases. Socially less privileged groups in these rural areas benefited as much or more from the interventions as those with greater social resources.

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Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Risk Factors of the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York State: Implication of Future Policies

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10090627 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 627

Author(s):

Anran Zheng ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Xiaojuan Li

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Spatial Autocorrelation ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

New York State ◽

Space Time ◽

Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽

York State ◽

Time Scan

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading in New York State since March 2020, posing health and socioeconomic threats to many areas. Statistics of daily confirmed cases and deaths in New York State have been growing and declining amid changing policies and environmental factors. Based on the county-level COVID-19 cases and environmental factors in the state from March to December 2020, this study investigates spatiotemporal clustering patterns using spatial autocorrelation and space-time scan analysis. Environmental factors influencing the COVID-19 spread were analyzed based on the Geodetector model. Infection clusters first appeared in southern New York State and then moved to the central western parts as the epidemic developed. The statistical results of space-time scan analysis are consistent with those of spatial autocorrelation analysis. The analysis results of Geodetector showed that both temperature and population density were strong indications of the monthly incidence of COVID-19, especially in March and April 2020. There is a trend of increasing interactions between various risk factors. This study explores the spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 in New York State over ten months and explains the relationship between the disease transmission and influencing factors.

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