Benefits of China's efforts in gaseous pollutant control indicated by the bottom-up emissions and satellite observations 2000–2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinmin Xia ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Chris P. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Gaseous Pollutant

scholarly journals Updated SO<sub>2</sub> emission estimates over China using OMI/Aura observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1817-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elissavet Koukouli ◽  
Nicolas Theys ◽  
Jieying Ding ◽  
Irene Zyrichidou ◽  
Bas Mijling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Beijing Area ◽  
Entire Domain ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions

Abstract. The main aim of this paper is to update existing sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission inventories over China using modern inversion techniques, state-of-the-art chemistry transport modelling (CTM) and satellite observations of SO2. Within the framework of the EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) MarcoPolo (Monitoring and Assessment of Regional air quality in China using space Observations) project, a new SO2 emission inventory over China was calculated using the CHIMERE v2013b CTM simulations, 10 years of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)/Aura total SO2 columns and the pre-existing Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC v1.2). It is shown that including satellite observations in the calculations increases the current bottom-up MEIC inventory emissions for the entire domain studied (15–55° N, 102–132° E) from 26.30 to 32.60 Tg annum−1, with positive updates which are stronger in winter ( ∼  36 % increase). New source areas were identified in the southwest (25–35° N, 100–110° E) as well as in the northeast (40–50° N, 120–130° E) of the domain studied as high SO2 levels were observed by OMI, resulting in increased emissions in the a posteriori inventory that do not appear in the original MEIC v1.2 dataset. Comparisons with the independent Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research, EDGAR v4.3.1, show a satisfying agreement since the EDGAR 2010 bottom-up database provides 33.30 Tg annum−1 of SO2 emissions. When studying the entire OMI/Aura time period (2005 to 2015), it was shown that the SO2 emissions remain nearly constant before the year 2010, with a drift of −0.51 ± 0.38 Tg annum−1, and show a statistically significant decline after the year 2010 of −1.64 ± 0.37 Tg annum−1 for the entire domain. Similar findings were obtained when focusing on the greater Beijing area (30–40° N, 110–120° E) with pre-2010 drifts of −0.17 ± 0.14 and post-2010 drifts of −0.47 ± 0.12 Tg annum−1. The new SO2 emission inventory is publicly available and forms part of the official EU MarcoPolo emission inventory over China, which also includes updated NOx, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter emissions.

scholarly journals Estimating European volatile organic compound emissions using satellite observations of formaldehyde from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 11501-11517 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Curci ◽  
P. I. Palmer ◽  
T. P. Kurosu ◽  
K. Chance ◽  
G. Visconti
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Ozone Monitoring

Abstract. Emission of non-methane Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere stems from biogenic and human activities, and their estimation is difficult because of the many and not fully understood processes involved. In order to narrow down the uncertainty related to VOC emissions, which negatively reflects on our ability to simulate the atmospheric composition, we exploit satellite observations of formaldehyde (HCHO), an ubiquitous oxidation product of most VOCs, focusing on Europe. HCHO column observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) reveal a marked seasonal cycle with a summer maximum and winter minimum. In summer, the oxidation of methane and other long-lived VOCs supply a slowly varying background HCHO column, while HCHO variability is dominated by most reactive VOC, primarily biogenic isoprene followed in importance by biogenic terpenes and anthropogenic VOCs. The chemistry-transport model CHIMERE qualitatively reproduces the temporal and spatial features of the observed HCHO column, but display regional biases which are attributed mainly to incorrect biogenic VOC emissions, calculated with the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosol from Nature (MEGAN) algorithm. These "bottom-up" or a-priori emissions are corrected through a Bayesian inversion of the OMI HCHO observations. Resulting "top-down" or a-posteriori isoprene emissions are lower than "bottom-up" by 40% over the Balkans and by 20% over Southern Germany, and higher by 20% over Iberian Peninsula, Greece and Italy. We conclude that OMI satellite observations of HCHO can provide a quantitative "top-down" constraint on the European "bottom-up" VOC inventories.

scholarly journals Updated SO<sub>2</sub> emission estimates over China using OMI/Aura observations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Elissavet Koukouli ◽  
Nicolas Theys ◽  
Jieying Ding ◽  
Irene Zyrichidou ◽  
Bas Mijling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Beijing Area ◽  
Entire Domain ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

Abstract. The main aim of this paper is to update existing sulphur dioxide (SO2), emission inventories over China using novel inversion techniques, state-of-the-art chemistry transport modelling (CTM), and satellite observations of SO2. Within the framework of the EU FP7 Monitoring and Assessment of Regional air quality in China using space Observations, MarcoPolo project, a new SO2 emission inventory over China was calculated using the CHIMERE v2013b CTM simulations, ten years of OMI/Aura total SO2 columns and the pre-existing Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC v1.2). It is shown that including satellite observations in the calculations increases the current bottom-up MEIC inventory emissions for the entire domain studied [102° to 132° E and 15° to 55° N] from 26.30 Tg/annum to 32.60 Tg/annum, with positive updates which are stronger in winter [~ 36 % increase]. New source areas where identified in the South West [25–35° N and 100–110° E] as well as in the North East [40–50° N and 120–130° E] of the domain studied as high SO2 levels were observed by OMI, resulting in increased emissions in the aposteriori inventory that do not appear in the original MEIC v1.2 dataset. Comparisons with the independent Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research, EDGAR v4.3.1, show a satisfying agreement since the EDGAR 2010 bottom-up database provides 33.30 Tg/annum of SO2 emissions. When studying the entire OMI/Aura time period [2005 to 2015 inclusive], it was shown that the SO2 emissions remain nearly constant before year 2010 with a drift of −0.51 ± 0.38 Tg/annum and show a statistically significant decline after year 2010 of −1.64 ± 0.37 Tg/Annum for the entire domain. Similar findings were obtained when focusing on the Greater Beijing Area [110° to 120° E and 30° to 40° N] with pre-2010 drifts of −0.17 ± 0.14 and post-2010 drifts of −0.47 ± 0.12 Tg/annum. The new SO2 emission inventory is publicly available and forms part of the official EU MarcoPolo emission inventory over China which also includes updated NOx, VOCs and PM emissions.

scholarly journals A methodology to constrain carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants using satellite observations of co-emitted nitrogen dioxide

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Bryan N. Duncan ◽  
Nickolay A. Krotkov ◽  
Lok N. Lamsal ◽  
Steffen Beirle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Monitoring Instrument ◽  
The Us

Abstract. We present a method to infer CO2 emissions from individual power plants based on satellite observations of co-emitted nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which could serve as complementary verification of bottom-up inventories or be used to supplement these inventories. We demonstrate its utility on eight large and isolated US power plants, where accurate stack emission estimates of both gases are available for comparison. In the first step of our methodology, we infer nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from US power plants using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) averaged over the ozone season (May–September) and a “top-down” approach that we previously developed. Second, we determine the relationship between NOx and CO2 emissions based on the direct stack emissions measurements reported by continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) programs, accounting for coal quality, boiler firing technology, NOx emission control device type, and any change in operating conditions. Third, we estimate CO2 emissions for power plants using the OMI-estimated NOx emissions and the CEMS NOx∕CO2 emission ratio. We find that the CO2 emissions estimated by our satellite-based method during 2005–2017 are in reasonable agreement with the US CEMS measurements, with a relative difference of 8 %±41 % (mean ± standard deviation). The broader implication of our methodology is that it has the potential to provide an additional constraint on CO2 emissions from power plants in regions of the world without reliable emissions accounting. We explore the feasibility by comparing the derived NOx∕CO2 emission ratios for the US with those from a bottom-up emission inventory for other countries and applying our methodology to a power plant in South Africa, where the satellite-based emission estimates show reasonable consistency with other independent estimates. Though our analysis is limited to a few power plants, we expect to be able to apply our method to more US (and world) power plants when multi-year data records become available from new OMI-like sensors with improved capabilities, such as the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), and upcoming geostationary satellites, such as the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring Pollution (TEMPO) instrument.

scholarly journals Estimating European volatile organic compound emissions using satellite observations of formaldehyde from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 19697-19736 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Curci ◽  
P. I. Palmer ◽  
T. P. Kurosu ◽  
K. Chance ◽  
G. Visconti
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Ozone Monitoring

Abstract. Emission of non-methane Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere stems from biogenic and human activities, and their estimation is difficult because of the many and not fully understood processes involved. In order to narrow down the uncertainty related to VOC emissions, which negatively reflects on our ability to simulate the atmospheric composition, we exploit satellite observations of formaldehyde (HCHO), an ubiquitous oxidation product of most VOCs, focusing on Europe. HCHO column observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) reveal a marked seasonal cycle with a summer maximum and winter minimum. In summer, the oxidation of methane and other long-lived VOCs supply a slowly varying background HCHO column, while HCHO variability is dominated by most reactive VOC, primarily biogenic isoprene followed in importance by biogenic terpenes and anthropogenic VOCs. The chemistry-transport model CHIMERE qualitatively reproduces the temporal and spatial features of the observed HCHO column, but display regional biases which are attributed mainly to incorrect biogenic VOC emissions, calculated with the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosol from Nature (MEGAN) algorithm. These "bottom-up" or a-priori emissions are corrected through a Bayesian inversion of the OMI HCHO observations. Resulting "top-down" or a-posteriori isoprene emissions are lower than "bottom-up" by 40% over the Balkans and by 20% over Southern Germany, and higher by 20% over Iberian Peninsula, Greece and Italy. The inversion is shown to be robust against assumptions on the a-priori and the inversion parameters. We conclude that OMI satellite observations of HCHO can provide a quantitative "top-down" constraint on the European "bottom-up" VOC inventories.

scholarly journals Satellite-based estimates of decline and rebound in China’s CO2 emissions during COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (49) ◽  
pp. eabd4998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zheng ◽  
Guannan Geng ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Steven J. Davis ◽  
Randall V. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Independent Measurement ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations

Changes in CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic have been estimated from indicators on activities like transportation and electricity generation. Here, we instead use satellite observations together with bottom-up information to track the daily dynamics of CO2 emissions during the pandemic. Unlike activity data, our observation-based analysis deploys independent measurement of pollutant concentrations in the atmosphere to correct misrepresentation in the bottom-up data and can provide more detailed insights into spatially explicit changes. Specifically, we use TROPOMI observations of NO2 to deduce 10-day moving averages of NOx and CO2 emissions over China, differentiating emissions by sector and province. Between January and April 2020, China’s CO2 emissions fell by 11.5% compared to the same period in 2019, but emissions have since rebounded to pre-pandemic levels before the coronavirus outbreak at the beginning of January 2020 owing to the fast economic recovery in provinces where industrial activity is concentrated.

Quantifying Methane Emissions from Super-emitter Coal Mines using TROPOMI Observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Sadavarte ◽  
Sudhanshu Pandey ◽  
Joannes D. Maasakkers ◽  
Alba Lorente ◽  
Tobias Borsdorff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Bottom Up

&lt;p&gt;In the context of the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to below 2 degrees Celsius, the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have framed greenhouse gas emission scenarios emphasizing a sharp reduction in methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) emissions with the current increasing trend. Recent studies have shown that satellite observations of atmospheric methane can be used to detect and quantify localized methane sources on a facility-level for the oil and gas industry. We use satellite observations from TROPOMI to understand the high and persistent methane signals from ventilation shafts in the coal mining industry. &amp;#160;Even the bottom-up and top-down global estimates infer coal mine methane responsible for ~12% of the anthropogenic methane emissions. TROPOMI onboard Sentinel-5P has a ground pixel resolution of 5 &amp;#215; 7 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; at nadir, which allows detection of large local to point sources. With its daily global coverage, we identify high methane emission sources over coal mine regions in Australia during 2018 and 2019 and quantify methane emissions using the fast data-driven cross-sectional flux method. Our initial results show that TROPOMI estimates are higher than bottom-up global emission inventories. We will present emission estimates using satellite-based quantification for super-emitter coal mines and evaluate its implication on national greenhouse gas reporting.&lt;/p&gt;

Results of Latitude Observations with the Floating Zenith Telescope at Mizusawa: Comparisons between the Results Obtained from the Astronomical and Doppler Satellite Observations

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
S. Takagi
Keyword(s):  
Photographic Plate ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Pole Motion

In this article, we intended to see whether we can obtain the same pole motion from two kinds of telescopes: the floating zenith telescope (PZT) and the ILS zenith telescope (VZT). The observations with the PZT have been pursued since 1967.0 with a star list whose star places are taken from the PK4 and its supplement. We revised the method of reduction of the observations with the PZT by adopting a variable scale value for the photographic plate (Takagi et al., 1974).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document