Long-life type — The dominant fraction of EPFRs in combustion sources and ambient fine particles in Xi'an

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 117059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingcai Chen ◽  
Haoyao Sun ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Ming Shan ◽  
Xudong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Combustion Sources ◽  
Life Type

scholarly journals Simultaneous Measurements of Chemical Compositions of Fine Particles during Winter Haze Period in Urban Sites in China and Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minhan Park ◽  
Yujue Wang ◽  
Jihyo Chong ◽  
Haebum Lee ◽  
Jiho Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Dust Sources ◽  
Secondary Formation ◽  
Combustion Sources ◽  
Burning Coal

We performed simultaneous measurements of chemical compositions of fine particles in Beijing, China and Gwangju, Korea to better understand their sources during winter haze period. We identified PM2.5 events in Beijing, possibly caused by a combination of multiple primary combustion sources (biomass burning, coal burning, and vehicle emissions) and secondary aerosol formation under stagnant conditions and/or dust sources under high wind speeds. During the PM2.5 events in Gwangju, the contribution of biomass burning and secondary formation of nitrate and organics to the fine particles content significantly increased under stagnant conditions. We commonly observed the increases of nitrogen-containing organic compounds and biomass burning inorganic (K+) and organic (levoglucosan) markers, suggesting the importance of biomass burning sources during the winter haze events (except dust event cases) at both sites. Pb isotope ratios indicated that the fraction of Pb originated from possibly industry and coal combustion sources increased during the PM2.5 events in Gwangju, relative to nonevent days.

Enhanced in vivo efficacy of a long-life type I Interferon superagonist in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 275 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Daniel Harari ◽  
Nadine Kallweit ◽  
Renne Abramovich ◽  
Keren Sasson ◽  
Alla Zozulya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Type I ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Life Type

scholarly journals Size-resolved exposure risk of persistent free radicals (PFRs) in atmospheric aerosols and their potential sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 14407-14417
Author(s):  
Qingcai Chen ◽  
Haoyao Sun ◽  
Wenhuai Song ◽  
Fang Cao ◽  
Chongguo Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Coarse Particles ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Combustion Sources

Abstract. Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a new type of substance with potential health risks. EPFRs are widely present in atmospheric particulates, but there is a limited understanding of the size-resolved health risks of these radicals. This study reports the exposure risks and source of EPFRs in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) of different particle sizes (<10 µm) in Linfen, a typical coal-burning city in China. The type of EPFRs in fine particles (< 2.1 µm) is different from that in coarse particles (2.1–10 µm) in both winter and summer. However, the EPFR concentration is higher in coarse particles than in fine particles in summer, and the opposite trend is found in winter. In both seasons, combustion sources are the main sources of EPFRs, with coal combustion as the major contributor in winter, while other fuels are the major source in summer. Dust contributes part of the EPFRs, and it is mainly present in coarse particles in winter and the opposite in summer. The upper respiratory tract was found to be the area with the highest risk of exposure to EPFRs of the studied aerosols, with an exposure equivalent to that of approximately 21 cigarettes per person per day. Alveolar exposure to EPFRs is equivalent to 8 cigarettes per person per day, with combustion sources contributing the most to EPFRs in the alveoli. This study helps us to better understand the potential health risks of atmospheric PM with different particle sizes.

scholarly journals Response Characteristics of a Long Life Type Floating Offshore Airport in Waves

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 (179) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Tsugukiyo Hirayama ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Flavio Ossamu Nishio ◽  
Naoaki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Life Type

scholarly journals Response Characteristics of a Long Life Type Floating Offshore Airport in Waves

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (178) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsugukiyo Hirayama ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Flavio Ossamu Nishio
Keyword(s):  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Life Type

scholarly journals PM2.5Emission Elemental Composition from Diverse Combustion Sources in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mugica ◽  
F. Mugica ◽  
M. Torres ◽  
J. Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Source Profiles ◽  
Combustion Sources ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

A field study was carried out from 2003 to 2004 with the aim to develop the PM2.5emission source profiles from light-duty gasoline and heavy-duty diesel vehicles, as well as emission source profiles from waste incineration, wood burning, LP gas combustion, and meat broiling. Over 25 chemical species were quantified from the fine particles emitted by the different combustion sources investigated, including organic and elemental carbon, ions, and elements. The OC/TC ratio found in the different PM2.5profiles was dissimilar as well as the sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, soil species, and trace element content. Consequently, these combustion emission profiles could be used in source reconciliation studies for fine particles.

Cytoplasmic Organization in the Receptor Cells of the Crista Ampullaris

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 60-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Apical Cell ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Cuticular Plate ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
Crista Ampullaris ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
General Appearance

Receptor cells of the cristae in the vestibular labyrinth of the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana, show a high degree of morphological organization. Four specialized regions may be distinguished: the apical region, the supranuclear region, the paranuclear region, and the basilar region.The apical region includes a single kinocilium, approximately 40 stereocilia, and many small microvilli all projecting from the apical cell surface into the lumen of the ampulla. A cuticular plate, located at the base of the stereocilia, contains filamentous attachments of the stereocilia, and has the general appearance of a homogeneous aggregation of fine particles (Fig. 1). An accumulation of mitochondria is located within the cytoplasm basal to the cuticular plate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document