Alpine snowpit profiles of polar organic compounds from Mt. Tateyama central Japan: Atmospheric transport of organic pollutants with Asian dust

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 117923
Author(s):  
Ambarish Pokhrel ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Eri Tachibana ◽  
Bhagawati Kunwar ◽  
Kazuma Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Polar Organic Compounds ◽  
Central Japan

scholarly journals Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over a high mountain snow site, central Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 14621-14633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Mochizuki ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Kazuma Aoki ◽  
Nobuo Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Snow Samples ◽  
Acetic Acids

Abstract. To understand the long-range transport of monocarboxylic acids from the Asian continent to the Japanese islands, we collected snowpack samples from a pit sequence (depth ca. 6 m) at the Murodo-Daira snowfield near the summit of Mt. Tateyama, central Japan, in 2009 and 2011. Snow samples (n = 16) were analyzed for normal (C1–C10), branched chain (iC4–iC6), aromatic (benzoic and toluic acid isomers), and hydroxyl (glycolic and lactic) monocarboxylic acids, together with inorganic ions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Acetic acid (C2) was found to be a dominant species (average 125 ng g−1), followed by formic acid (C1) (85.7 ng g−1) and isopentanoic acid (iC5) (20.0 ng g−1). We found a strong correlation (r =  0.88) between formic plus acetic acids and non-sea-salt Ca2+ that is a proxy of Asian dust. Contributions of total monocarboxylic acids to DOC in 2009 (21.2 ± 11.6 %) were higher than that in 2011 (3.75 ± 2.62 %), being consistent with higher intensity of Asian dust in 2009 than in 2011. Formic plus acetic acids also showed a positive correlation (r =  0.90) with benzoic acid that is a tracer of automobile exhaust, indicating that monocarboxylic acids and their precursors are largely emitted from anthropogenic sources in China and/or secondarily produced in the atmosphere by photochemical processing. In addition, the ratio of formic plus acetic acids to nss–Ca2+ (0.27) was significantly higher than those (0.00036–0.0018) obtained for reference dust materials of Chinese loess deposits from the Tengger and Gobi deserts. This result suggests that volatile and semi-volatile organic acids are adsorbed on the alkaline dust particles during long-range atmospheric transport. Entrainment of organic acids by dusts is supported by a good correlation (r = 0.87) between formic plus acetic acids and pH of melt snow samples. Our study suggests that Asian alkaline dusts may be a carrier of volatile monocarboxylic acids.

scholarly journals Long-range atmospheric transport of volatile monocarboxylic acids with Asian dust over high mountain snow site, central Japan

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Mochizuki ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Kazuma Aoki ◽  
Nobuo Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Long Range Transport ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
Snow Samples ◽  
Acetic Acids

Abstract. To understand the long-range transport of monocarboxylic acids from the Asian Continent to Japanese Islands, we collected snowpack samples from a pit sequence (depth, ca. 6 m) at the Murodo-Daira snowfield near the summit of Mt. Tateyama, central Japan in 2009 and 2011. Snow samples (n = 16) were analyzed for normal (C1–C10), branched chain (iC4–iC6), aromatic (benzoic and toluic acid isomers), and hydroxyl (glycolic and lactic) monocarboxylic acids, together with inorganic ions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Acetic acid (C2) was found as a dominant species (average, 125 ng g−1), followed by formic acid (C1) (85.7 ng g−1) and isopentanoic acid (iC5) (20.0 ng g−1). We found a strong correlation (r2 = 0.73) between formic plus acetic acids and non-sea-salt Ca2+ that is a proxy of Asian dust. Contributions of total monocarboxylic acids to DOC in 2009 (21.2 ± 11.6 %) were higher than that in 2011 (3.75 ± 2.62 %), being consistent with higher intensity of Asian dust in 2009 than 2011. Formic plus acetic acids also showed a positive correlation (r2 = 0.81) with benzoic acid that is a tracer of automobile exhaust, indicating that monocarboxylic acids and their precursors are largely emitted from anthropogenic sources in China and/or secondarily produced in the atmosphere by photochemical processing. In addition, the ratio of formic plus acetic acids to nss-Ca2+ (0.27) was significantly higher than those (0.00036–0.0018) obtained for reference dust materials of Chinese loess deposits from Tengger and Gobi deserts. This result suggests that volatile and semi-volatile organic acids are adsorbed on the alkaline dust particles during long-range atmospheric transport. Entrainment of organic acids by dusts is supported by a good correlation (r2=0.76) between formic plus acetic acids and pH of melt snow samples. Our study demonstrates that Asian alkaline dusts can uptake volatile monocarboxylic acids during long-range transport and the dusts coated with organic acids may act as effective ice nuclei to cause a heavy snowfall.

scholarly journals Polar Organic Pollutants in Groundwater: Experimental Approaches to Biodegradation During Subsoil Passage

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1243-1246
Author(s):  
T.P. Knepper
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Polar Organic Compounds ◽  
Fixed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
By Products ◽  
Selection Of

A selection of polar organic compounds was investigated for their biodegradation on a laboratory scale fixed-bed bioreactor and the decline of the parent compounds besides the formation of metabolites was monitored. Of particular interest was the investigation into the degradation of pesticides, especially isoproturon (IPU), surfactants and industrial by-products of chemical synthesis. The results from the laboratory degradation experiments are compared to findings in groundwater.

scholarly journals Multi-Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter Collected in the Western Mediterranean Area

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Esther Borrás ◽  
Luis Antonio Tortajada-Genaro ◽  
Francisco Sanz ◽  
Amalia Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Tetradecanoic Acid

The chemical characterization of aerosols, especially fine organic fraction, is a relevant atmospheric challenge because their composition highly depends on localization. Herein, we studied the concentration of multi-oxygenated organic compounds in the western Mediterranean area, focusing on sources and the effect of air patterns. The organic aerosol fraction ranged 3–22% of the total organic mass in particulate matter (PM)2.5. Seventy multi-oxygenated organic pollutants were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, including n-alkanones, n-alcohols, anhydrosugars, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and keto-derivatives. The highest concentrations were found for carboxylic acids, such as linoleic acid, tetradecanoic acid and, palmitic acid. Biomarkers for vegetation sources, such as levoglucosan and some fatty acids were detected at most locations. In addition, carboxylic acids from anthropogenic sources—mainly traffic and cooking—have been identified. The results indicate that the organic PM fraction in this region is formed mainly from biogenic pollutants, emitted directly by vegetation, and from the degradation products of anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic pollutants. Moreover, the chemical profile suggested that this area is interesting for aerosol studies because several processes such as local costal breezes, industrial emissions, and desert intrusions affect fine PM composition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document