scholarly journals Effects of soil compaction on growth and survival of tree saplings: A meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ampoorter ◽  
P. De Frenne ◽  
M. Hermy ◽  
K. Verheyen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Growth And Survival

How does soil compaction alter nitrous oxide fluxes? A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 105036
Author(s):  
Guillermo Hernandez-Ramirez ◽  
Reiner Ruser ◽  
Dong-Gill Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Meta Analysis

Soil compaction and water availability affect growth and survival of Quercus ilex subsp. ballota seedlings under different light environments

New Forests ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Mancilla-Leytón ◽  
María José Leiva ◽  
Ángel Martín Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Growth And Survival

scholarly journals Using the Forestry Reclamation Approach for Reclaimed Surface Mineland in the Western Gulf: Effects on Pinus taeda Seedling Growth and Survival

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Cassie Phillips ◽  
Jeremy Stovall ◽  
Hans Williams ◽  
Kenneth Farrish
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Appalachian Region ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Forestry Reclamation Approach

While land reclamation efforts of surface mines have considerably increased soil stability since the implementation of SMCRA (Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act), research suggests that resulting soil compaction hinders the productivity of forests post-mining. The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) was developed to improve forest health in the Appalachian region through a five-step process that minimizes soil compaction and establishes a productive forest. The FRA has not yet been tested in the western Gulf Coastal Plain (GCP). The higher clay content of some GCP soils and the dearth of coarse fragments (e.g., cobbles, stones and boulders) may affect reclamation practices and the ability of these methods to create productive forests. Compaction caused by conventional reclamation methods in the GCP has not been studied in great detail. Thus, this study attempts to provide a comparison of two reclamation methods, FRA low-compaction method used in the Appalachian region with that of conventional scraper-pan (scraper) methods in the GCP. This study used the FRA with common silvicultural practices of the western Gulf. The two hectare study site was installed with a randomized complete block design with three replicates comparing conventional scraper reclamation used in the region with that of an unmined control and the FRA-style low compaction treatment. Following soil reclamation, containerized loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings of a western Gulf provenance were hand-planted. Soil chemical and physical parameters were assessed on each treatment to determine the effect the FRA and scraper method had on resulting tree seedling growth and survival. After three growing seasons, seedlings in the FRA plots had significantly greater tree volumes than both the scraper (p = 0.0139) and the control (p = 0.0247) treatments. The FRA plots also had a 97% survival rate, while scraper plots had a survival of 86%. The FRA plots had significantly lower soil bulk densities than scraper (p = 0.0353) and control (p < 0.0001) plots which likely influenced growth and survival trends. Soil nutrients were increasingly available on the FRA and scraper plots, likely due to mixing of the soil profile when compared to the unmined control. Leaf-level water potential and gas exchange were not correlated to growth and survival and did not differ among treatments. These results suggest reclamation practices modeled after FRA methods may benefit tree growth and survival in the Western Gulf.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis on the benefits and costs of hosting secondary endosymbionts in sap-sucking insects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon E. Zytynska ◽  
Karim Thighiouart ◽  
Enric Frago
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Symbiont Species

AbstractHerbivorous insects host various bacteria that help them to feed, grow, and survive. Sap-sucking insects, in particular, feed on a nutrient-poor resource and have evolved obligate symbioses with nutritional bacteria for survival. Additionally, sap-sucking insects have formed facultative associations with bacterial symbionts that are not essential for growth and survival but assumed to confer some benefits, such as resistance to natural enemies. Several recent reviews have highlighted the importance of these symbionts in understanding their hosts’ biology, but currently there is a lack of a quantitative and systematic analysis of the published evidences exploring whether the different endosymbionts are actually beneficial or not. In this meta-analysis we explored the potential costs and benefits associated with hosting facultative endosymbionts in sap-sucking insects. Our first result is that most of the empirical experimental data information is limited to a few species of aphid and one species of whiteflies. Through the meta-analysis we showed that hosting symbionts generally leads to costs through increased development time, reduced longevity, and reduced fecundity, and benefits via increased resistance to parasitic wasps in sap-sucking insects. However, the impact of these costs and benefits was strongly insect and symbiont species dependent. Many of the insects studied are agricultural pests, and understanding the impact of bacterial symbionts on their hosts across different environments can benefit sustainable management of greenhouses and agricultural land.

scholarly journals Maternally transmitted isotopes and their effects on larval fish: a validation of dual isotopic marks within a meta-analysis context

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danswell Starrs ◽  
Jacqueline T. Davis ◽  
Jodie Schlaefer ◽  
Brendan C. Ebner ◽  
Stephen M. Eggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

Transgenerational marking enables mass-marking of larval fishes via transmission of enriched stable isotopes from mother to offspring, but potential impacts on the resultant progeny are poorly understood. We injected enriched stable isotopes (137Ba and87Sr) into female purple-spotted gudgeon, Mogurnda adspersa, to produce multiple batch markers and examined larval morphology at hatch as well as survival and growth to 31 days posthatch in marked and unmarked offspring. Transgenerational marking had minimal effects on larval growth and survival, whereas body depth at hatch was significantly reduced in marked larvae. A meta-analysis of transgenerational marking effects on larval morphology at hatch and growth rates across multiple fish species found a nonsignificant positive effect of enriched stable barium isotopes on larval morphology at hatch, but a significant negative effect on growth. There were no significant effects of strontium on morphology or growth. Meta-regression analysis revealed that larval size at hatch increased with the dose of injected stable barium isotopes, but this result should be interpreted cautiously. Because of high levels of between-study heterogeneity, we caution against assuming there are no effects of transgenerational marking on fish offspring; any such effects should be validated and incorporated into transgenerational marking studies of fish dispersal.

scholarly journals HER-2 positivity rate in dogs with mammary carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 2141
Author(s):  
E. UZABACI ◽  
M.O. OZYIGIT ◽  
I. ERCAN ◽  
O. ARDA
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Mammary Tumors ◽  
Canine Mammary Tumor ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Meta Analyses

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) plays an essential role in cell growth and survival. HER-2 overexpression occurs in 20-30% of human breast tumors and has prognostic value as it is associated with disease progression. HER-2 overexpression is also associated with tumor progression and metastasis in malignant mammary tumors of the canine. However, in the literature, different positivity classifications/scoring were used in the evaluation of HER-2 status, and there is no consensus in terms of scoring of HER-2 expressionin canine mammary tumors. In this study, it was aimed to estimate the HER-2 positivity rate by evaluating the results of the study using different positivity classifications by meta-analysis. In this context, by using ”HER-2 canine mammary tumor” keywords, Pubmed and Web of Science electronic databases were scanned until February 2019, and a total of 97 related studies were found. However, 20 of these studies were used for the analysis. Two different meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the HER-2 positivity status with “2+ and 3+” and “3+” scores. As a result, HER-2 positivity rates were determined at 25.87% and 25.99% for the studies using “2+ / 3+” scores and “3+” respectively for HER-2 positivity. Therefore, this result suggests that the rate of HER-2 positivity is similar between humans and dogs.

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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