Inter-individual and inter-strain differences in cognitive and social abilities of Dark Agouti and Wistar Han rats

Warfarin (4-hydroxy coumarin) is Vitamin K (VK) antagonist that inhibits Vitamin K-dependent (VKD) processes, such as blood coagulation. It exerts influence on some non-VKD-related activities as well. In this study, the effect of subacute (30-day) oral warfarin (2 mg L-1 and 1 mg L-1) intake on hematological parameters was examined in two rat strains, Albino Oxford (AO) and Dark Agouti (DA), that differ in their sensitivity to certain chemicals. Greater susceptibility to anticoagulant effect of 2 mg L-1 of warfarin was observed in AO rats and was associated with an increase in relevant hematological parameters in this strain. Although both strains responded to 2 mg L-1 of warfarin with quantitative changes in peripheral blood leukocytes differential bone marrow and lung responses were observed. Strain-related differences in proinflammatory activity of peripheral blood granulocytes and in mononuclear cell IFN-? production were observed. Recognition of differences in quantitative and qualitative effects of oral warfarin on processes other than hemostasis might be of relevance for those humans who are on warfarin therapy.

Download Full-text

Strain differences in age-associated change in testosterone 6β-hydroxylation in Wistar and Dark Agouti rats

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/s1382-6689(96)00130-5 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yutaka Maeda ◽

Keiichi Morita ◽

Takafumi Tasaki ◽

Akio Kazusaka ◽

Susumu Imaoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strain Differences ◽

Dark Agouti

Download Full-text

Strain Differences in CYP3A-Mediated C-8 Hydroxylation (1,3,7-Trimethyluric Acid Formation) of Caffeine in Wistar and Dark Agouti Rats

Biochemical Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00654-0 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 55 (9) ◽

pp. 1405-1411 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Keiichi Morita ◽

Yutaka Maeda ◽

Makihiko Masuda ◽

Akio Kazusaka ◽

Susumu Imaoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strain Differences ◽

Acid Formation ◽

Dark Agouti

Download Full-text

Strain Differences in the Induction of Cytochrome P450 3A1/3A2 and Nuclear Receptors in the Liver by Phenobarbital and Dexamethasone in Sprague-Dawley Rats and Dark Agouti Rats

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE ◽

10.1248/jhs.57.414 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 414-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Atsushi Kawase ◽

Toru Otori ◽

Akiyuki Fujii ◽

Ayano Yamada ◽

Hiroshi Komura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Nuclear Receptors ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Dark Agouti ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Strain differences in cytochrome P450 mRNA and protein expression, and enzymatic activity among Sprague Dawley, Wistar, Brown Norway and Dark Agouti rats

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science ◽

10.1292/jvms.15-0299 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 675-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yoshihiro NISHIYAMA ◽

Shouta M.M. NAKAYAMA ◽

Kensuke P. WATANABE ◽

Yusuke K. KAWAI ◽

Marumi OHNO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome P450 ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Dark Agouti ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression

Download Full-text

Resistance to myocardial ischemia in five rat strains: is there a genetic component of cardioprotection?

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.2000.278.4.h1395 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 278 (4) ◽

pp. H1395-H1400 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

John E. Baker ◽

Eugene A. Konorev ◽

Garrett J. Gross ◽

William M. Chilian ◽

Howard J. Jacob

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Myocardial Ischemia ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Inbred Strains ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Dark Agouti ◽

Norway Rat ◽

Isolated Hearts ◽

Brown Norway Rat

There is a need to develop new and more consistent animal models of cardioprotection. Traditionally, outbred dogs, rabbits, and rats have been studied. We determined resistance to ischemia in isolated hearts from inbred strains of rats. Hearts from inbred rats: SS/Mcw (Dahl S, Dahl salt-sensitive), DA/Hsd (Dark Agouti), LEW/Hsd (Lewis), and BN/SsN/Mcw (Brown Norway); and from an outbred rat: Hsd:WIST (Wistar) were subjected to 27 min of global, no-flow ischemia, followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Infarct size in the Brown Norway rat was 2.5 times less than that observed in the Dahl S rat, with the Dark Agouti, Lewis, and Wistar rats intermediate in response. Hearts from Brown Norway rats were also most resistant to ischemia in terms of postischemic enzyme leakage and contractile and vascular function compared with other strains. The average polymorphism rate between strains revealed that such strains were genetically diverse. This study demonstrates strain differences in resistance to myocardial ischemia, suggesting these rats could be used to study a genetic and/or environmental basis for these differences and to provide new animal models for the physiological study of cardioprotection.

Download Full-text

Inter-Individual and Inter-Strain Differences in Cognitive and Social Abilities of Dark Agouti and Wistar Han Rats

10.1101/566877 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lucille Alonso ◽

Polina Peeva ◽

Arnau Ramos-Prats ◽

Natalia Alenina ◽

York Winter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Social Rank ◽

Strain Differences ◽

Dark Agouti ◽

Good Decision ◽

Individual Level ◽

Behavioural Phenotypes ◽

Different Strains

AbstractBackgroundHealthy animals showing extreme behaviours spontaneously that resemble human psychiatric symptoms are relevant models to study the natural psychobiological processes of maladapted behaviours. Healthy poor decision makers (PDMs) identified using a Rat Gambling Task, co-express a combination of cognitive and reward-based characteristics similar to symptoms observed in human patients with impulse-control disorders. The main goals of this study were to 1) confirm the existence of PDMs and their unique behavioural phenotypes in the Dark Agouti (DA) and Wistar Han (WH), 2) to extend the behavioural profile of the PDMs to probability-based decision-making and social behaviours and 3) to discuss how the key traits of each strain could be relevant for biomedical research.MethodsWe compared cognitive abilities, natural behaviours and physiological responses in DA and WH rats using several tests. We analysed the results at the strain and the individual level.ResultsPrevious findings in WH rats were reproduced and could be generalized to DA. Each PDM of either strain displayed a similar, naturally occurring, combination of behavioural traits, including possibly higher social rank, but no deficits in probability-based decision-making. A Random forest analysis revealed interesting discriminating traits between WH and DA.ConclusionThe reproducibility and conservation of the socio-cognitive and behavioural phenotypes of GDM (good decision maker) and PDM individuals in the two genetically different strains of WH and DA support a good translational validity of these phenotypes. Both DA and WH rat strains present large phenotypic variations in behaviour pertinent for the study of the underlying mechanisms of poor decision making and associated disorders.

Download Full-text

Social Communication Intervention for an Adult with Asperger Syndrome: Experiences, Perspectives, and Challenges

Perspectives on Language Learning and Education ◽

10.1044/lle21.1.29 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 29-37

Author(s):

Siva priya Santhanam

Keyword(s):

Asperger Syndrome ◽

Social Communication ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Work Settings ◽

Social Abilities ◽

Old Adult ◽

Social Communication Intervention ◽

Highly Able ◽

Organizational Needs

Adults on the autism spectrum, despite having received intervention throughout their childhood and adolescence, continue to experience challenges with everyday social interactions, forming and maintaining relationships, and social abilities needed in work settings. This article presents a case example of a 22-year-old adult with Asperger syndrome, and highlights the issues in providing intervention for highly able young adults on the autism spectrum. A unique feature of this report is the inclusion of the client's own insights into his experiences, perspectives, and challenges with the intervention. The approaches used to address his social communication and organizational needs are outlined, and clinical implications discussed.

Download Full-text