Efficacy of Steinernema spp. plus anti-desiccants to control two serious foliage pests of vegetable crops, Spodoptera litura F. and Plutella xylostella L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atirach Noosidum ◽  
Pattira Satwong ◽  
Angsumarn Chandrapatya ◽  
Edwin E. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Vegetable Crops

scholarly journals PROSPEK PEMANFAATAN BIOPESTISIDA BAKTERI ENTOMOPATOGENIK ISOLAT LOKAL SEBAGAI AGEN PENGENDALI HAYATI HAMA TANAMAN SAYURAN

EUGENIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. L. Salaki ◽  
D. Tarore ◽  
G. Manengkey
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Entomopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Crocidolomia Binotalis ◽  
Potential Pathogen ◽  
Bacillus Spp

ABSTRACT The utilization efforts of entomopathogenic bacteria as an insecticide is still being developed. One of the potential pathogen, which is developed as a source of insecticide is Bacillus spp. The study aims to determine the level of pathogenicity, and get the pathogenity spectrum isolates in the high virulences against the pests of vegetable crops to be used as a biopesticide candidates. Testing the power to kill larvae isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis against Crocidolomia binotalis, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura was performed by the Method of Ohba and Aizawa. The results showed that, of 21 local isolates B. thuringiensis, there were 15 isolates could cause the mortality of > 50% of the larvae of C. binotalis, 20 isolates toward larvae of P. xylostella and 12 isolates toward larvae of S. litura. The isolates, which could potentially be selected based on the pathogenicity, the candidates will then be developed into a biopesticide for pests control of Crocidolomia binotalis, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura on vegetable crops. Keywords: biopesticide, entomopathogenic bacteria, vegetable plants     ABSTRAK Upaya pemanfaatan bakteri entomopatogenik sebagai insektisida masih terus dikembangkan. Salah satu patogen yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber insektisida adalah bakteri Bacillus spp. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat patogenisitas, spektrum patogensisitas dan mendapatkan isolat yang memiliki virulensi yang tinggi terhadap hama tanaman sayuran untuk dijadikan sebagai kandidat biopestisida. Pengujian daya bunuh isolat Bacillus thuringiensis terhadap larva uji Crocidolomia binotalis, Plutella xylostella dan Spodoptera litura dilakukan dengan Metode Ohba dan Aizawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 21 isolat B. thuringiensis lokal terdapat 15 isolat yang dapat menyebabkan mortalitas > 50 % terhadap larva C. binotalis, 20 isolat terhadap larva P. xylostella dan 12 isolat terhadap larva S. litura. Isolat yang berpotensi selanjutnya akan diseleksi berdasarkan patogenisitasnya kemudian akan dikembangkan menjadi kandidat biopestisida untuk mengendalikan hama Crocidolomia binotalis, Plutella xylostella dan Spodoptera litura pada tanaman sayuran. Kata kunci : biopestisida, bakteri entomopatogenik, tanaman sayuran

Seasonal abundance of the parasitoid complex associated with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Hangzhou, China

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Sheng Liu ◽  
Xin-Geng Wang ◽  
Shi-Jian Guo ◽  
Jun-Hua He ◽  
Zu-Hua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cotesia Plutellae ◽  
Pupal Parasitoids ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Brassica Vegetable ◽  
June July

AbstractAn investigation of insect parasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella(Linnaeus), in brassica vegetable crops in the suburbs of Hangzhou was conducted during five periods from 1989 to 1997. Eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, Cotesia plutellae Kurdjumov, Microplitis sp., Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov, Diadromus collaris(Gravenhorst), Itoplectis naranyae (Ashmead), Exochus sp. and Brachymeria excarinata Gahan. Seven species of hyperparasitoids were also collected. Rates of parasitism of eggs of P. xylostella were usually very low. However, rates of parasitism of larvae and pupae were substantial and showed two peaks each year, around June–July and September–November respectively. Rates of parasitism during peaks were usually 10–60% and reached over 80% on a few occasions. Cotesia plutellae, O. sokolowskii and D. collaris were the major larval, larval-pupal and pupal parasitoids respectively. In the field, C. plutellae was active throughout the year. Oomyzus sokolowskii was active from May to October, entered a quiescent pupal stage in October–November to overwinter and did not emerge until next April–May. Diadromus collariswas recorded from April to July and October. Rates of parasitism of P. xylostellain radish and mustard fields were usually higher than those in cabbage and Chinese cabbage fields in the same locality. Negative correlations of parasitism rates between C. plutellae and O. sokolowskii indicate a competitive relationship for host larvae between these two larval parasitoids.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK BUDIDAYA KUBIS TERHADAP DIVERSITAS ARTHROPODA DAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN Plutella xylostella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Syarief
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Diadegma Semiclausum ◽  
Solenopsis Geminata ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Chalcites ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa Balung Lor, kecamatan Balung, kabupaten Jember, selama tiga bulan dimulai September sampai dengan Nopember 2013, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik budidaya kubis terhadap diversitas arthropoda dan intensitas serangan P. xylostella L. Indeks keanekaragaman arthropoda dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Wiener (H'), indeks domonansi  Simpson (D) dan indeks kemerataan jenis (E). Untuk membedakan  intensitas serangan P. xylostella L.   menggunakan       uji T pada taraf 5%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: diversitas arthropoda pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik maupun konvensional menunjukkan jumlah kelas, ordo, famili dan spesies yang sama yaitu dua kelas,  tujuh ordo, empat belas famili dan enam belas spesies. Status dalam jaring makanan meliputi hama terdiri atas sembilan spesies yaitu Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae), P. xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Agrotis ipsilon Hufnage (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Crocidolomia pavonana Zell. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Myzus persicae Sulz. (Homoptera: Aphididae), Spodoptera litura F.( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chrysodeixis chalcites Esp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) dan Phyllotretta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomilidae). Lima spesies predator meliputi: Leptogaster sp (Diptera: Asilidae), Oxyopes javanus (Araneae: Oxyopidae), Lycosa sp. (Araneae: Lycosidae), Mantis religeosa (Araneae: Mantidae) dan Solenopsis geminata F. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), satu parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum Hellen.  (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) dan satu detrivora Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). Jumlah individu hama, predator, parasitoid maupun detrivora pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik menunjukkan lebih besar dibanding konvensional. Indeks diversitas arthropoda pada teknik budidaya organik lebih tinggi dibanding konvensional. Intensitas serangan  P. xylostella F. pada teknik budidaya organik dibanding konvensional menunjukkan berbeda tidak nyata.

scholarly journals INSECTICIDAL JOINT ACTION OF TERNARY EXTRACT MIXTURES OF FOUR SPECIES OF TROPICAL PLANTS AGAINST Plutella xylostella AND Crocidolomia pavonana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Djoko Prijono ◽  
Maya Anggraini ◽  
Sri Riski Maryani ◽  
Eliana Diana Surya
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetable ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Concentration Ratios

Insecticidal joint action of ternary extract mixtures of four species of tropical plants against Plutella xylostella andCrocidolomia pavonana. The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, and the cabbage head caterpillar (CHC),Crocidolomia pavonana, were two main pests of cruciferous vegetable crops. Among the viable alternative ingredients thatcould be utilized to control those two pests were eco-friendly botanical insecticides. This study was conducted to evaluatethe joint action of ternary extract mixtures of four tropical plant species, i.e. Piper aduncum (Pa), Piper retrofractum (Pr),Sapindus rarak (Sr), and Tephrosia vogelii (Tv), against DBM and CHC. Results of leaf-residue feeding bioassays showedthat based on co-toxicity ratio at both LC 50 and LC levels, ternary mixtures of Pa extract with Sr and Tv extracts at concentrationratios of 1:5:1, 1:5:2, and 2:5:1 indicated synergistic joint action on DBM larvae. A mixture of Pa, Sr and Tv extracts at a ratio of2:5:1 was also synergistic to CHC at both LC level but antagonistic at the LC 95 50 95 and LC 95 levels. This mixture at the 1:5:1 ratio was synergistic on CHC at the LC level whereas at the 1:5:2 ratio was antagonistic to CHC at both LC levels. Furthermore, ternary mixtures of Pr extract with Sr and Tv extracts at the three concentration ratios were synergistic to CHC. Thus, ternary mixtures of Pa or Pr extract with Sr and Tv extracts at appropriate concentration ratios are potential alternatives for the control of DBM and CHC.

scholarly journals Synergistic Activity of Mixtures of Piper aduncum Fruit Extract and Three Microorganism-Derived Insecticides against the Diamond Back Moth, Plutella xylostella

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Wanda Russianzi ◽  
Djoko Prijono
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Insecticide Mixtures ◽  
Respective Field ◽  
Piper Aduncum

Plutella xylostella is an important pest of Brassicaceae vegetable crops. Frequent use of insecticides containing single active ingredients can cause resistance in P. xylostella. This work was done to evaluate the synergism between Piper aduncum fruit extract and three microorganism-derived insecticides, i.e. abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and spinetoram, against P. xylostella from Pacet District, Cianjur Regency. Results of leaf-residue feeding bioassays with 48-h feeding treatment showed that LC95 of abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and spinetoram at 96 h after treatment (HAT) was about 5.8, 7.0, and 1.9-fold higher than their respective field rates. Thus, based on leaf-feeding assays P. xylostella larvae from Pacet-Cianjur were not susceptible to abamectin and chlorfenapyr, but were still fairly susceptible to spinetoram. LC95 of P. aduncum extract at 96 HAT was 0.68% (w/v). Based on combination index at the LC95 level - 96 HAT, mixtures of P. aduncum extract with all three test insecticides were synergistic. Thus, P. aduncum extract is potential to be used as an alternative ingredient to increase the effectiveness of the three test insecticides against P. xylostella.Keywords: Botanical insecticides, cabbage pest, insecticide mixtures, microorganism-derived insecticides, synergism.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Sinergistik Campuran Ekstrak Buah Piper aduncum dan Tiga Jenis Insektisida terhadap Ulat Plutella xylostella

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Prijono ◽  
Djoko Prijono ◽  
Wanda Russianzi
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Combination Index ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Respective Field ◽  
Leaf Residue ◽  
Piper Aduncum

Synergistic Activity of Mixtures of Piper aduncum Fruit Extract and Three Commercial Insecticides against the Diamond Back Moth, Plutella xylostellaPlutella xylostella is an important pest of Brassicaceae vegetable crops. Frequent use of insecticides containing single active ingredients can cause resistance in P. xylostella. This work was done to evaluate the synergism between Piper aduncum fruit extract and three commercial insecticides, i.e. abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and spinetoram, against P. xylostella from Pacet District, Cianjur Regency. Results of leaf-residue feeding bioassays with 48-h feeding treatment showed that LC95 of abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and spinetoram at 96 h after treatment (HAT) was about 5.8, 7.0, and 1.9-fold higher than their respective field rates. Thus, P. xylostella larvae from Pacet-Cianjur were not susceptible to abamectin and chlorfenapyr, but were still fairly susceptible to spinetoram. LC95 of P. aduncum extract at 96 HAT was 0.68% (w/v). Based on combination index at the LC95 level - 96 HAT, mixtures of P. aduncum extract with all three test insecticides were synergistic. Thus, P. aduncum extract is potential to be used as an alternative ingredient to increase the effectiveness of the three test insecticides against P. xylostella.

scholarly journals Biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai and Metarhizium anisopliae SPW isolate against insect pests of pechay and lettuce grown under protected and open field cultivation

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Reny Gerona ◽  
Bernardita Lauro
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Spore Concentration ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Insect pests are one of the constraints in lettuce and pechay production. Although synthetic chemical insecticides are widely used, organic growers are interested in using alternative options which have no toxic residues. This study aimed to evaluate the biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (Bta) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) SPW isolate against insect pests of pechay and lettuce grown under protected and open field cultivation. Weekly spraying of each treatment was done using the recommended rates (RR) of application: Ma at 3L spore suspension per 13L water (1×108 spore concentration); Bta at 20g per 16L water; cypermethrin 5EC at 30mL per 16L water. Insect infestation was monitored weekly based on insect count and damage ratings. Yields were recorded at harvest. Results showed that application of either Bta, Ma or cypermethrin significantly reduced populations and damage of Spodoptera litura Fabr. and Plutella xylostella L. Pechay plants applied with Bta and Ma showed higher yields than cypermethrin in both types of cultivation. These findings suggested that Bta and Ma SPW isolate were effective against S. litura and P. xylostella and can be used as an alternative non-chemical option for their management.

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