Chemical Characterization and Insecticidal Activity of Rubus coreanus Miquel Extracts (Leaves, Fruits and Stems) against Three Agricultural Insect Pests, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-857
Author(s):  
Hee-Kwon Lee ◽  
◽  
Hoi-Seon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Rubus Coreanus ◽  
Rubus Coreanus Miquel

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK BUDIDAYA KUBIS TERHADAP DIVERSITAS ARTHROPODA DAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN Plutella xylostella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Syarief
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Diadegma Semiclausum ◽  
Solenopsis Geminata ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Chalcites ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa Balung Lor, kecamatan Balung, kabupaten Jember, selama tiga bulan dimulai September sampai dengan Nopember 2013, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik budidaya kubis terhadap diversitas arthropoda dan intensitas serangan P. xylostella L. Indeks keanekaragaman arthropoda dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Wiener (H'), indeks domonansi  Simpson (D) dan indeks kemerataan jenis (E). Untuk membedakan  intensitas serangan P. xylostella L.   menggunakan       uji T pada taraf 5%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: diversitas arthropoda pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik maupun konvensional menunjukkan jumlah kelas, ordo, famili dan spesies yang sama yaitu dua kelas,  tujuh ordo, empat belas famili dan enam belas spesies. Status dalam jaring makanan meliputi hama terdiri atas sembilan spesies yaitu Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae), P. xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Agrotis ipsilon Hufnage (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Crocidolomia pavonana Zell. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Myzus persicae Sulz. (Homoptera: Aphididae), Spodoptera litura F.( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chrysodeixis chalcites Esp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) dan Phyllotretta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomilidae). Lima spesies predator meliputi: Leptogaster sp (Diptera: Asilidae), Oxyopes javanus (Araneae: Oxyopidae), Lycosa sp. (Araneae: Lycosidae), Mantis religeosa (Araneae: Mantidae) dan Solenopsis geminata F. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), satu parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum Hellen.  (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) dan satu detrivora Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). Jumlah individu hama, predator, parasitoid maupun detrivora pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik menunjukkan lebih besar dibanding konvensional. Indeks diversitas arthropoda pada teknik budidaya organik lebih tinggi dibanding konvensional. Intensitas serangan  P. xylostella F. pada teknik budidaya organik dibanding konvensional menunjukkan berbeda tidak nyata.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS NEMATODA ENTOMOPATOGEN Steinernema sp. PADA HAMA UTAMA BEBERAPA TANAMAN PERKEBUNAN DAN HORTIKULTURA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽  
A. A. AGRA GOTHAMA
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Insect Host ◽  
Spray Chamber ◽  
Local Strains ◽  
Lethal Time

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Nematoda  entomopatogen  Steinernema  sp.  telah  banyak<br />dimanfaatkan sebagai agens hayati untuk mengendalikan serangga hama di<br />luar negeri, namun di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian adalah<br />mengevaluasi efektivitas 3 strain Steinernema sp. lokal terhadap beberapa<br />hama utama tanaman perkebunan dan hortikultura. Penelitian ini dilakukan<br />di Laboratorium Entomologi dan Kebun Percobaan, Balai Penelitian<br />Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat Malang, Jawa Timur, mulai April 2001<br />sampai Mei 2002. Tiga strain nematoda lokal, yaitu BT02, ML07, dan<br />AB05 diuji masing-masing pada konsentrasi 50; 100; 200; 400; dan 800<br />Juvenil infektif (JI)/ml dan satu kontrol (tanpa JI). Sembilan spesies<br />serangga hama yang diuji yaitu Helicoverpa armigera, dan Pectinophora<br />gossypiella (hama kapas), H. assulta dan Myzus persicae (tembakau),<br />Plutella xylostella, dan Crocidolomia binotalis (kubis), Spodoptera exigua<br />(bawang merah), Liriomyza sp. dan S. litura (bunga krisan). Setiap spesies<br />serangga mewakili satu unit pengujian. Setiap perlakuan dalam unit<br />disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat ulangan.<br />Aplikasi perlakuan dilakukan dengan metode vial, kultur sel, dan sumuran,<br />tergantung perilaku serangga uji dan menggunakan spray chamber. Di<br />laboratorium, parameter yang diamati adalah sublethal (LC 25 ) dan lethal<br />concentration (LC 50 ), sublethal and lethal time (LT), dan produksi JI. Di<br />lapang, hanya satu perlakuan tunggal yang digunakan yaitu LC 50 dari<br />setiap strain nematoda. Sebanyak masing-masing 20 inang serangga<br />dipajankan daun atau bagian tanaman yang telah disemprot dengan<br />suspensi nematoda di lapang, kemudian serangga uji diamati di<br />laboratorium hingga mati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga<br />strain nematoda menunjukkan efektif membunuh C. binotalis (BT02), P.<br />xylostella, M. persicae (ML07), dan P. gossypiella (AB05), tetapi kurang<br />efektif terhadap H. armigera (AB05), S. exigua dan S. litura (ML07), dan<br />Liriomyza sp. (BT02). Waktu efektif yang diperlukan nematoda untuk<br />membunuh inang (Lethal Time) pada ketiga strain berkisar antara 1-4 hari.<br />Selain efektif membunuh stadia larva, Steinernema sp. juga efektif<br />terhadap prepupa dan pupa.<br />Kata kunci : Tanaman  perkebunan,  hortikultura,  Steinernema  sp.,<br />Helicoverpa armigera, Pectinophora gossypiella, H.<br />assulta, Myzus persicae, Plutella xylostella, Crocidolomia<br />binotalis, Spodoptera exigua, S. litura, Liriomyza sp., juvenil<br />infektif, mortalitas</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematode Steiner-<br />nema sp. against major insect pests of plantation and<br />horticulture<br />Entomopathogenic nematode of family Steinernematidae is a<br />prospective agent for biological control of insect pests. It has been known<br />that many species of insects can be infected by nematode and sometimes<br />showed different levels of infection. Laboratory and field study on the<br />effectiveness of Steinernema sp. against major insect pests of plantation<br />and horticulture was carried out in Laboratory of Entomology and<br />Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research<br />Institute (IToFCRI), Malang, East Java. The objective was to find out the<br />effectiveness of three local strains of Steinernema sp. to any different<br />major of insect pests of plantation and horticulture. Three local strains of<br />nematode tested as BT02, ML07, and AB05 which each consist of five<br />level concentrations of IJ, viz. 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 IJ/ml and one<br />untreated with IJ as control were tested against nine species of insect, viz.<br />H. armigera, P. gossypiella (cotton), H. assulta and M. persicae (tobacco),<br />P. xylostella and C. binotalis (cabbage), S. exigua (red onion), Liriomyza<br />sp. and S. litura (chrysanthemum). Each species of insect was tested as<br />one unit of test and treated with the same level of concentration. Each<br />treatment in every unit of test was arranged in randomized complete<br />design with four replications. Application method of treatment used were<br />vial, cell culture plate, and well, depends on insect behaviour. Nematode<br />suspension was applied by using spray chamber. Parameters observed<br />were sublethal and lethal concentration, sublethal and lethal time and IJ<br />production. In field study, only one single treatment LC 50 was used to<br />observe the insect mortality. In this study, twenty of insect hosts were fed<br />on treated-sample leaves collected from the field and observed till death.<br />The result showed that all strains of Steinernema sp. were more<br />pathogenic and effective against C. binotallis (BT02), P. xylostella and M.<br />persicae (ML07), and P. gossypiella (AB05), but less pathogenic against<br />H. armigera (AB05), S. exigua and S. litura (ML07), and Liriomyza sp.<br />(BT02). Time needed (LT) to kill the insect host was ranged from one to<br />four days. Strains of nematode tested were not only effective against larvae<br />but also effective to kill prepupae and pupae of insect host.<br />Key words : Estate crops, horticulture, Steinernema sp., H. armigera, P.<br />gossypiella, H. assulta, M. persicae, P. xylostella, C.<br />binotalis, S. exigua, Liriomyza sp, S. litura, infective<br />juvenile, mortality</p>

scholarly journals Aktivitas biologi enam jenis ekstrak tumbuhan famili Asteraceae terhadap larva Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Ratna Sari Dewi ◽  
Dadang Dadang
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Helianthus Annus ◽  
Elephantopus Scaber ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Biological Activity of Six Plan Extract from Asteraceae on Spodoptera litura Fabricius (lipedoptera : Noctuidae) Larvae. Asteraceae is one of plant family that is known to have insecticidal activity to several insect pests, such as Parthenium argentatum, Crysanthemum cineariaefolium, and Agerantum houstoneanum. The aim of this study is to explore other asteraceae species in other to search for insecticidal activity to Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Six species, Blumea balsamifera (leaf), Elephantopus scaber (leaf), Gynura procumbens (leaf) Artemisia vulgaris (leaf) Soncbus arvensis (leaf) and Helianthus annus (seed) were use in this study. Plant extract were obtained by meseration method using menthanol. The extract were bioassayed to the second instar larvae of S. litura to evaluate the mortality, antifeedant and growth regulation activity. Extract of B. balsamifera and E. scaber have high antifeedant activity at 5 % by reducing larval feeding 87.7% and 81.8% in no choice test, and 94.1% and 86.1% in choice test method, respectively Extract of H. annus, A. vulgaris, and E. scaber prolonged the development of larvae by 4.9, 4.1, 3.9 days, respectively. While extract of H. annus caused mortality of larvae by 86% at 5%.

scholarly journals Biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai and Metarhizium anisopliae SPW isolate against insect pests of pechay and lettuce grown under protected and open field cultivation

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Reny Gerona ◽  
Bernardita Lauro
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Spore Concentration ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Insect pests are one of the constraints in lettuce and pechay production. Although synthetic chemical insecticides are widely used, organic growers are interested in using alternative options which have no toxic residues. This study aimed to evaluate the biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (Bta) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) SPW isolate against insect pests of pechay and lettuce grown under protected and open field cultivation. Weekly spraying of each treatment was done using the recommended rates (RR) of application: Ma at 3L spore suspension per 13L water (1×108 spore concentration); Bta at 20g per 16L water; cypermethrin 5EC at 30mL per 16L water. Insect infestation was monitored weekly based on insect count and damage ratings. Yields were recorded at harvest. Results showed that application of either Bta, Ma or cypermethrin significantly reduced populations and damage of Spodoptera litura Fabr. and Plutella xylostella L. Pechay plants applied with Bta and Ma showed higher yields than cypermethrin in both types of cultivation. These findings suggested that Bta and Ma SPW isolate were effective against S. litura and P. xylostella and can be used as an alternative non-chemical option for their management.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Insect Pests in Rubus coreanus Miquel

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Rak Lim ◽  
Seon-U Choi ◽  
Ju-Hee Kim ◽  
Ki-Kwon Lee ◽  
Seong-Soo Cheong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rubus Coreanus ◽  
Rubus Coreanus Miquel

scholarly journals Semi-synthesis and insecticidal activity of spinetoram J and its D-forosamine replacement analogues

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2321-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Jiarong Li ◽  
Honglin Liu ◽  
Haiyou Wang ◽  
Lamusi A
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Protecting Group ◽  
Protection Strategy ◽  
Self Protection

Spinetoram, a mixture of spinetoram J (XDE-175-J, major component) and spinetoram L (XDE-175-L), is a new kind of fermentation-derived insecticide with a broad range of action against many insect pests, especially Cydia pomonella, Leaf miner and Thrips. Similar to spinosad, spinetoram is friendly to the environment, and non-toxic to animals and human beings. Therefore, spinetoram has been widely applied in pest control and grain storage. In a previous study, we had reported a semi-synthesis of spinetoram J. However, in that synthesis, there were more experimental steps, and the operations were troublesome. So an improved synthesis based on a self-protection strategy was designed and discussed. In this work, 3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O-methylrhamnose was used as both the reaction substrate of C9–OH and the protecting group of C17–OH. The number of synthetic steps and costs were significantly reduced. In addition, a variety of D-forosamine replacement analogues of spinetoram J were synthesized based on the improved semi-synthesis, and their insecticidal activities were evaluated against third-instar larvae of Plutella xylostella. Although none of the analogues were as potent as spinetoram, a few of the analogues have only a 20–40 times lower activity than spinetoram. In particular, one of these analogues was approximately as active as spinosad. This study highlights the possibility of developing new insecticidal chemistries by replacing sugars on natural products with other groups, and the improved semi-synthesis will be helpful for further researches on spinetoram.

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