Current and potential sustainable corn stover feedstock for biofuel production in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 372-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengxi Tan ◽  
Shuguang Liu ◽  
Norman Bliss ◽  
Larry L. Tieszen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biofuel Production

Technical-and-economic analysis of biofuel production from wood

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
O. A. Kunitskaya ◽  
◽  
I. V. Grigoryev ◽  
A. B. Davtyan ◽  
V. I. Grigoryev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fuel Pellet ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement ◽  
Animal Resources

A variety of plant and animal resources (waste) can be used as biofuel. The use of biofuel is less profitable than fossil fuels, so many countries introduce special subsidies to encourage their consumption. However, to obtain these subsidies, it is necessary to prove that companies, in case of purchasing imported materials, buy them in countries that support the principles of the current climate agreement. Unlike the United States, which left the Paris climate agreement, Russia has ratified it. This means that European companies have a strong economic interest in purchasing biofuel from Russia, and not from the United States. And Russian timber companies are increased in their motivation for the efficient processing of waste of their main production into a popular export product — fuel pellets and briquettes. However, many timber producers are faced with the problem of choosing a particular type of fuel that is optimally produced in specific production conditions. Keywords: wood waste, biofuel, fuel pellet, fuel briquette.

Ethanol

2020 ◽  
pp. 274-319
Author(s):  
Paul F. Meier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Federal Subsidies ◽  
Corn Grain

This chapter examines the use of biomass to make ethanol, or bioethanol, as a transportation fuel. Biomass is defined as any organic material that can be used as a fuel. However, in the United States and Brazil, the two countries that dominate the bioethanol market, most ethanol is produced from corn grain (United States) or sugarcane (Brazil). There has also been research and some commercial trials using cellulosic material, such as corn stover, switchgrass, and sugarcane bagasse, to produce ethanol, but the approach is hindered by high capital and operating costs. In the United States, more than 35% of the total corn production goes towards ethanol production and ethanol makes up about 10% of the gasoline market. Since 2007, the gallons of ethanol produced has more than doubled, and much of this growth has been driven by federal subsidies and mandates.

scholarly journals Eucalypts and Their Potential for Invasiveness Particularly in Frost-Prone Regions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor H. Booth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
The World ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain

Eucalypts are being considered for biofuel production in the Lower Coastal Plain of the United States. The evolution of eucalypts in Australia has equipped some species to be successful in plantations and has also influenced their potential as invasive species. More than 200 eucalypt species have been evaluated in many countries around the world. Generally eucalypts have proved to have limited invasive potential for a number of reasons, including their poor dispersal capabilities. Two regions with climates similar to the Lower Coastal Plain of the United States are identified in Argentina and China. Frosts, particularly sudden frosts, are an important limitation for eucalypts in these regions, so existing plantations are very limited. However, invasive eucalypts do not appear to be a major problem in other regions of either country. The use of carefully selected frost-tolerant species and the development of genetically modified eucalypts may now open up more frost-affected areas for eucalypt plantations. Some control actions may be necessary and research needs are outlined, but it is concluded that experience in other regions around the world suggests that eucalypts are likely to be a relatively low risk as invasive species in the Lower Coastal Plain.

scholarly journals Biofuel Expansion, Fertilizer Use, and GHG Emissions: Unintended Consequences of Mitigation Policies

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Elobeid ◽  
Miguel Carriquiry ◽  
Jerome Dumortier ◽  
Francisco Rosas ◽  
Kranti Mulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fertilizer Use

Increased biofuel production has been associated with direct and indirect land-use change, changes in land management practices, and increased application of fertilizers and pesticides. This has resulted in negative environmental consequences in terms of increased carbon emissions, water quality, pollution, and sediment loads, which may offset the pursued environmental benefits of biofuels. This study analyzes two distinct policies aimed at mitigating the negative environmental impacts of increased agricultural production due to biofuel expansion. The first scenario is a fertilizer tax, which results in an increase in the US nitrogen fertilizer price, and the second is a policy-driven reversion of US cropland into forestland (afforestation). Results show that taxing fertilizer reduces US production of nitrogen-intensive crops, but this is partially offset by higher fertilizer use in other countries responding to higher crop prices. In the afforestation scenario, crop production shifts from high-yielding land in the United States to low-yielding land in the rest of the world. Important policy implications are that domestic policy changes implemented by a large producer like the United States can have fairly significant impacts on the aggregate world commodity markets. Also, the law of unintended consequences results in an inadvertent increase in global greenhouse gas emissions.

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