An Evaluation of the Pathogenic Potential, and the Antimicrobial Resistance, of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Mussels

Salmonella spp. and antimicrobial resistant microorganisms are two of the most important health issues worldwide. In the present study, strains naturally isolated from mussels harvested in Galicia (one of the main production areas in the world), were genetically characterized attending to the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Additionally, the antimicrobial profile was also determined phenotypically. Strains presenting several virulence genes were isolated but lacked all the antimicrobial resistance genes analyzed. The fact that some of these strains presented multidrug resistance, highlighted the possibility of bearing different genes than those analyzed, or resistance based on completely different mechanisms. The current study highlights the importance of constant surveillance in order to improve the safety of foods.

The effectiveness of the use of Sinorhizobium meliloti in the cultivation of variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.)

As a result of three-year studies, we have established a growth in the yield and feed advantages of variable alfalfa in the variants with inoculation of seeds with virulent active strains of rhizobia. The total yield augmentation of green mass in the experimental variants over the three years of alfalfa life were 6.8–13.7 % compared to the control ones. The positive effect of inoculation with virulent active rhizobia strains on the total collection of dry matter was expressed in its increase in experimental conditions by 12.6–21.7 %. The highest yield of green mass, as well as dry matter was obtained in the variant with the inoculation of alfalfa seeds with the main production strain 425. The researched factor has a positive effect on the collection of feed units, digestible protein and feed protein units from 1 ha. The collection of feed units per hectare in the experimental versions increases by 1.1–1.3 times, the collection of digestible protein – by 1.2–1.4 times. The maximum substance of feed units and digestible protein per hectare was observed in the version with seed inoculation with strain 425a. The provision of a feed unit with digestible protein increases by 10.44–18.18 g or by 6.1–10.6 %.

Leasing as a source of enterprises financing In Kazakhstan: analysis and problems

The article reflects the importance of leasing in the search for the most attractive sources of innovative and investment development of the economy of Kazakhstan. In conditions of limited own funds, the role of borrowed sources of financing of investment projects for achieving effective goals of enterprises increases. Such sources of financing are bank lending, leasing, factoring, and issuing promissory notes. Leasing is considered as part of a reasonable strategic financial management, the use of which allows you to update the main production assets of the enterprise, as well as provides additional opportunities to improve the effectiveness of the financial management of a commercial enterprise. Deep changes in the economic conditions of management dictate the need to find and implement methods for updating the material base and modifying fixed assets for our economy. The analysis of the main trends of development of the leasing market of Kazakhstan and its innovative development: a large number of leasing companies and the products offered on the market of leasing services allows to choose the funding strategy of the enterprise. In economically developed countries, leasing solves the problem of stimulating economic growth by accelerating the renewal of fixed capital, reducing the duration of the technological cycle.Therefore, the specifics of leasing as an instrument of economic policy aimed at accelerating the development of production potential is as follows: leasing leads to an increase in the high rate of renewal of fixed capital. The expansion of the leasing market largely depended on the active participation of the state in the development of leasing in many sectors of the economy.

Production and marketing of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in Sunsari District, Nepal

Turmeric is a popular spice in Nepalese households and a potential cash crop in the country's tropical areas; yet, due to limited study on production technologies and marketing channels, Nepalese farmers have struggled to earn a reasonable return from its production. For this study, 100 turmeric producers were selected by using simple random sampling technique from total turmeric growing population registered in PMAMP at Barahakshetra Municipality of the district. The research was carried out during January to May. Primary data were collected through field, survey, FGD, and KII while a literature review was carried out as the source of secondary data. Information collected from the field survey were coded, tabulated, and analyzed by using the statistical software of MS Excel 2010 and SPSS V26.0. It was found that majority of the respondent farmers had agriculture as their primary occupation. The average household turmeric area was 0.43 ha. The labor cost contributed 45.46% for the of cultivation with an average cost of cultivation pf NRs.110.63 per kg for dried turmeric. Moreover, the gross return of Rs.270057 per hectare and the BCR 1.35, indicate that turmeric farming is profitable. The average productivity of dry turmeric in the study area was 1800 kg per hectare. Insufficient technical services and low market price of the turmeric were main production and marketing problem faced by turmeric producing community This study suggests the adoption of innovative technology for farming, government intervention in price fixing and replacement of local seed by improved seed.

APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRACTICE OF WORK OF PROJECT ORGANIZATIONS

The specificity of the digital transformation of design companies is associated with the definition of the object and subject of management, the peculiarities of performing the main production business processes, the identification of interrelations with the external environment. The paper considers in general an approach to managing the digital transformation of design organizations of the construction industry using the tools of end-to-end digital technologies, gives a general description of the digitalization process, analyzes the possibility of using digital transformation technologies (digital twins, distributed ledger technologies, machine learning, logical-linguistic and frame models) to improve the efficiency of the main production and management Processes.

Business Model for Managing of the Small Economic System Such as IT-Outsourcing Company

For any economic system to function successfully we need to have business model. One of the advantages of having a model is that it shows detailed and visual information with its internal connections, qualitative characteristics and quantitative parameters. Modeling the management system of the economic system’s activities is currently one of the most effective systematic ways to describe options for the future and assess the potential consequences of management decisions. This current work demonstrates the construction of a business model for the management system of an IT-outsourcing company as an organizational system in the form of a unity of three subsystems: management, main production subsystem and the socio-cultural subsystem.

FORMULATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT OF AGRICULTURAL REPAIR ENTERPRISES

The article presents the main production cycles of engine repair at a repair and mechanical plant. The main production cycle of engine repair at the repair and mechanical plant consists of external steaming of the unit in the steaming chamber with the discharge of the formed effluent into the pre-fabricated well. Next the disassembly of the en-gine into individual components is carried out, then they are cleaned in cross washing machines with periodic discharge of spent detergent solutions into the prefabricated tanks. After restoration of details the assembly of the diesel engine and its test on stands is carried out. The necessary parts are electrochemically galvanized, chrome-plated or coated with iron. Several local wastewater treatment schemes on the plant with utilization of valuable components and their reuse are offered. Wastewater and waste process solutions are conventionally divided into low-concentrated and concentrated. Low-concentrated wastewater includes effluents from the diesel test site, flushing water from plating baths, and discharge of a revolving diesel cooling system. A scheme for wastewater treatment from petrole-um products and substances in the form of suspensions has been developed and researched, which allows reusing wastewater from the re-verse water supply to the diesel test site. The schematic diagram of the reverse water supply of the diesel test area will consist of a column electrical flotation coagulator, contaminated water collectors, saturators and pumps. A scheme of electrochemical purification of waste detergents has been developed, which includes receivers of detergent solution, preliminary settling of coarse impurities, column electrical coagulator-floater with soluble aluminum electrodes, electrolyte collection. The peculiarity of the device is the operation of the electrode system in a pure electrolyte, which eliminates the possibility of contamination and passivation of electrical and chemical processes. The electrically generated coagulant is dosed into the reaction chamber, mixed with the detergent solution, coagulates and floats the contamination, which allows to extend the service life of the detergent solutions in two or three times.

COMPOSITION AND FREQUENCY OF FLOWER VISITORS IN SOME VARIETIES OF MELON UNDER DIFFERENT CROP CONDITIONS1

ABSTRACT Previous investigations showed that diverse varieties of melon may have different attractiveness for bees. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the composition, frequency and behavior of flower visitors of some melon (Cucumis melo) cultivars (Amarelo, Pele de Sapo, Cantaloupe, Gália) in different conditions (conventional and organic farming, dry and rainy seasons, with and without mulching and introduction or not of honey bee hives) in the main production poles in the Brazilian Northeast (Petrolina-PE/Juazeiro-BA, Pacajus-CE and Mossoro-RN). Observations and collections of flower visitors occurred from 5p.m. to 6p.m, in non-consecutive days. We recorded 12 species of insects, mostly bees. The most frequent was Apis mellifera (99.68%), but other species appeared sporadically (less than 0.5%): Xylocopa grisescens, Trigona spinipes, Plebeia sp., Melipona mandacaia, Frieseomelitta doedereleini, Halicitidae. Apis mellifera was present in all studied cultivars and sites. Xylocopa grisescens appeared in two poles, but not in Pacajus-CE, Amarelo cultivar. In addition, Trigona spinipes, although present in the three poles, was not recorded on Pele de Sapo. The Amarelo cultivar, under organic farming, without the use of mulching, and presence of honey bee hives, in the Petrolina-PE/Juazeiro-BA pole, in the dry season, was the combination of factors showing the largest number of Apis mellifera as the main visitor of melon flowers.

Pengoptimalan Sektor Perekonomian pada UMKM dengan Disusunnya Suatu Laporan Keuangan Sederhana di Dusun Kwarigan, Desa Bakulan, Kecamatan Cepogo, Kabupaten Boyolali

Financial statements have a major influence in assessing, developing marketing strategies and evaluating a business. Kwarigan Hamlet is one of the villages that has several MSME actors, but none of the MSMEs has implemented financial reports properly so that there is no clear evaluation and it is difficult to develop into a larger MSME and it is difficult to determine the business strategy to be run. This article aims to improve the optimization of the economic sector by compiling financial reports for MSMEs in Kwarigan Hamlet and applying them to their business fields and determining the right strategy for the advancement of MSMEs in Kwariganq Hamlet. The results obtained are from the balance sheet financial statements it can be known the amount of assets and laundry business capital for sure. From the Profit and Loss report, it can be used as a benchmark that there is a main production cost, namely clean water which can be kept to a minimum in order to achieve maximum profit because it uses water sourced from wells. From the emphasis on water costs, it can be used for transportation costs for picking up dirty laundry and delivering clean clothes to customers as a marketing solution in order to increase sales turnover. With this strategy, customers will be interested and feel that they are given maximum service from the Laundry business but will still be able to increase profits.

Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Deoxynivalenol in Wheat-Based Products Based Different Wheat-Producing Area for the Inhabitants in Shanghai, China

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the major mycotoxins that contaminate cereals. In this study, we determined the DON level in wheat-based products from Chinese five main production areas collected in Shanghai and calculated the daily intake of DON for inhabitants using the point evaluation and the probabilistic evaluation based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed the positive rates of DON in the products were higher than 80.0%, with the concentrations ranging from 41.8 to 1110 µg/kg. The estimated mean daily intakes of DON for 7- to 10-year-old children and adults groups were below 1 µg/kg bw/day, the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), suggesting no health risks for the consumers. However, the 99th percentiles of dietary DON exposures for children and adults exceeded the PMTDI, indicating adverse health effects might occur if the two groups intake highly contaminated wheat-based products. The potential health risks for the two groups exposed to DON in the wheat-based products from the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley (MLYV) were higher than those from the other areas in China.