Berberine, a potential prebiotic to indirectly promote Akkermansia growth through stimulating gut mucin secretion

Abstract Purpose Nasal irrigation is an effective method for alleviating several nasal symptoms and regular seawater-based nasal irrigation is useful for maintaining nasal hygiene which is essential for appropriate functioning of the nose and for preventing airborne particles including some pollutants, pathogens, and allergens from moving further in the respiratory system. However, safety studies on seawater-based nasal irrigation are scarce. In this study, the safety and efficacy of a diluted isotonic seawater solution (Stérimar Nasal Hygiene, SNH) in maintaining nasal homeostasis were evaluated in vitro. Methods Safety was assessed by measuring tissue integrity via transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Efficacy was measured by mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucin secretion, and tissue re-epithelization (wound repair) assays. All assays were performed using a 3D reconstituted human nasal epithelium model. Results In SNH-treated tissues, TEER values were statistically significantly lower than the untreated tissues; however, the values were above the tissue integrity limit. SNH treatment significantly increased MCC (88 vs. 36 µm/s, p < 0.001) and mucin secretion (1717 vs. 1280 µg/ml, p < 0.001) as compared to untreated cultures. Faster wound closure profile was noted upon pre-SNH treatment as compared to classical isotonic saline solution pre-treatment (90.5 vs. 50.7% wound closure 22 h after wound generation). Conclusion SNH did not compromise the integrity of the nasal epithelium in vitro. Furthermore, SNH was effective for removal of foreign particles through MCC increase and for enhancing wound repair on nasal mucosa.

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Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulates mucus secretion, but nitric oxide has no effect on mucus secretion in the ferret trachea

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01264.2005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 486-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jung-Soo Kim ◽

Kosuke Okamoto ◽

Shinobu Arima ◽

Bruce K. Rubin

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ◽

Mucus Secretion ◽

Cell Secretion ◽

Mucin Secretion ◽

No Donor ◽

Peptide Analog ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Vip Receptor

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nitric oxide (NO) are neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of bronchial and pulmonary vascular tone. Published studies of the effects of VIP on airway mucus secretion have yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of VIP on mucus secretion in the ferret trachea and if this effect was influenced by NO. We used a sandwich enzyme-linked lectin assay to measure mucin secretion and a turbidimetric assay to measure lysozyme (serous cell) secretion from ferret tracheal segments. VIP (10−7 M) increased mucin secretion over 2 h. VIP (10−9 to 10−5 M) stimulated mucin secretion in a dose-dependent fashion. VIP-induced mucin secretion was partially blocked by a VIP receptor antagonist (a chimeric VIP-pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide analog, VIP receptor antagonist) at a 10-fold excess concentration. At all concentrations tested, neither NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NO synthase, nor S-nitroso- N-acetyl-penicillamine, an NO donor, had any significant effect on constitutive or VIP-induced mucus secretion. We conclude that VIP-stimulated mucin and lysozyme secretion was both time dependent and dose dependent and that NO neither stimulates nor inhibits mucus secretion in the ferret trachea.

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Carbenoxolone and triterpenoids inhibited mucin secretion from airway epithelial cells

Phytotherapy Research ◽

10.1002/ptr.2102 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 462-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ho Jin Heo ◽

Cheolsu Kim ◽

Hyun Jae Lee ◽

Young Sik Kim ◽

Sam Sik Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Airway Epithelial Cells ◽

Airway Epithelial ◽

Mucin Secretion

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Barrier role of actin filaments in regulated mucin secretion from airway goblet cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00397.2004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288 (1) ◽

pp. C46-C56 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Camille Ehre ◽

Andrea H. Rossi ◽

Lubna H. Abdullah ◽

Kathleen De Pestel ◽

Sandra Hill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Actin Filaments ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Secretory Granules ◽

Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽

Goblet Cells ◽

Actin Binding ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Cortical Actin ◽

Mucin Secretion

Airway goblet cells secrete mucin onto mucosal surfaces under the regulation of an apical, phospholipase C/Gq-coupled P2Y2receptor. We tested whether cortical actin filaments negatively regulate exocytosis in goblet cells by forming a barrier between secretory granules and plasma membrane docking sites as postulated for other secretory cells. Immunostaining of human lung tissues and SPOC1 cells (an epithelial, mucin-secreting cell line) revealed an apical distribution of β- and γ-actin in ciliated and goblet cells. In goblet cells, actin appeared as a prominent subplasmalemmal sheet lying between granules and the apical membrane, and it disappeared from SPOC1 cells activated by purinergic agonist. Disruption of actin filaments with latrunculin A stimulated SPOC1 cell mucin secretion under basal and agonist-activated conditions, whereas stabilization with jasplakinolide or overexpression of β- or γ-actin conjugated to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) inhibited secretion. Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate, a PKC-activated actin-plasma membrane tethering protein, was phosphorylated after agonist stimulation, suggesting a translocation to the cytosol. Scinderin (or adseverin), a Ca2+-activated actin filament severing and capping protein was cloned from human airway and SPOC1 cells, and synthetic peptides corresponding to its actin-binding domains inhibited mucin secretion. We conclude that actin filaments negatively regulate mucin secretion basally in airway goblet cells and are dynamically remodeled in agonist-stimulated cells to promote exocytosis.

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Metalloproteinase Plays a Role in Mucin Secretion

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases ◽

10.4046/trd.2004.56.3.289 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 289

Author(s):

Yeon-Mok Oh ◽

Hee Jin Choi ◽

Tae Sun Shim ◽

Sang Do Lee ◽

Woo Sung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mucin Secretion

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Mucin Secretion in Ocular Surfaces

Cornea ◽

10.1097/ico.0000000000000584 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. S114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tae-im Kim

Keyword(s):

Mucin Secretion

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Differences in mucin expression in the submandibular glands of rats during peridontitis induction

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i2.p52-56 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Nunuk Purwanti ◽

Banun Kusumawardhani ◽

Kwartarini Murdiastuti

Keyword(s):

Submandibular Gland ◽

Periodic Acid ◽

Daily Injection ◽

Bacterial Invasion ◽

Mucin Secretion ◽

Periodic Acid Schiff ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Mucin Expression ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Induced Apoptosis

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) produces lipopolysacharide (LPS) which acts as a stimulator of inflammation in periodontal tissues. Periodontitis-induced apoptosis and vacuolation of the salivary gland, therefore, causes hyposalivation. Mucin secretion is produced by the submandibular gland under stimulation by the cholinergic and adrenergic receptors. Both forms of stimulation influence the volume of mucin secretion. Mucin saliva plays an important role in the early stages of Pg colonization in the oral cavity. On the other hand, it serves to protect against bacterial invasion. Purpose: The aim of this research was to identify differences in mucin expression in the submandibular gland during periodontitis induction. Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were assigned to either a sham periodontitis or a periodontitis group. The former group received a daily injection of a vehicle solution (n = 16), while members of the periodontitis induction group (n=16) were injected each day with 500 µL of Pg 108 into the mesial area of the upper molar. Mucin in the submandibular gland was analyzed at the 7th, 14th, 21th and 28th days after injection by means of periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining. Results: 28 days after injection mild gingivitis was developed in the periodontitis experiment group. Junctional epithelium (JE) thickness decreased gradually following the increase of PG injection periods (p<0.05). However, mucin expression increased prominently at 7th, 14th, and 21th days after injection and decreased on day 28th after PG injection. Mucin was expressed in the duct cells of the submandibular gland. Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that there are different levels of mucin expression in the submandibular gland during periodontitis induction.

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Morphological markers of secretory activity in prostatic adenocarcinoma

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0709617j ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 64 (9) ◽

pp. 617-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ljubinka Jankovic-Velickovic ◽

Vuka Katic ◽

Ivan Ignjatovic

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Mixed Type ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Gleason Grade ◽

Morphological Markers ◽

Adult Males ◽

Basal Cell Layer ◽

Mucin Secretion ◽

Infiltrative Growth Pattern

Background/Aim. The vast majority of prostatic tumors developing in adult males are adenocarcinomas (ACP). Histological diagnosis of prostate cancer relies on the infiltrative growth pattern, presence of macronucleoli, and absence of basal cell layer. In the last few years a special attention has been focused on investigation of cancerous glands lumen content. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of intraluminal (crystaloids, blue-tanged mucinous secretions and distension of glands) and extracellular markers of pathological secretions in ACP, as well as the type of intraluminal and extracellular mucinous secretions. Methods. Micromorphological and hystochemical (PAS, HIDAB pH 2.5) analysis was done in 96 patients to detemine differentiation by Gleason and markers of secretory activity. Results. In ACP neoplastic gland`s distension (53.12%), crystalloids (30.2%), basophilic secretions (26.04%) and presence of extracellular mucins (8.3%) were found. All morphological signs were detected in carcinoma of Gleason grade 1-4A. There was significant presence of crystalloids ((G1+G2)/G4 p < 0.05; G3/G4A p < 0.05), basophilic secretions (G3/G2 p < 0.05; G3/G4A p < 0.05) and extracellular mucins (G3/G4A p < 0.001). The association of these morphological features with neutral and acidic mucins secretion was statisticaly significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. This study showed that intraluminal and extracellular markers of secretory activity in ACP were significantly more often associated by mixed type of mucin secretion with predominace of sialomucins. .

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Subchronic exposure to acrylamide affects colon mucin secretion in juvenile wistar rats

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs151015056k ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 641-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ivana Koledin ◽

Renata Kovac ◽

Vesna Rajkovic ◽

Milica Matavulj

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Goblet Cell ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Goblet Cells ◽

Mucin Secretion ◽

Human Diet ◽

Mucin Production ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Antibody Staining ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Acrylamide (AA) is an important industrial chemical worldwide. AA also forms naturally in many high-carbohydrate foods (bread, French fries, coffee, etc.) when they are heated. Since AA is ubiquitous in the human diet, and more than one-third of the calories we take in each day come from foods with detectable levels of acrylamide, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of subchronic AA treatment on colon goblet cell mucin secretion. Male Wistar rats were gavaged with AA for 5 days a week for 21 days. The animals were divided into three groups that were gavaged with different AA concentrations (0, 25, 50 mg/kg/day). Colon samples were processed for histochemical (PAS-AB, HID-AB) and immunohistochemical (anti-rat MUC2 antibody) staining to visualize mucins in the goblet cells. AA treatment showed an alteration in mucin production and secretion in that the amount of all investigated mucin types dropped. More prominent changes were detected in the upper crypt part where a decreased number of goblet cell was observed. AA treatment elicited a significant reduction in neutral mucins, while acidic mucins showed linearly decreasing trend with respect to AA doses. Also, a linear reduction of MUC2 mucins was noticed. Sulfomucins were absent in the colon lower crypt in all experimental groups, while in the upper crypt both sulfo- and sialomucins were significantly decreased. The results of our study point to changes in the synthesis, differentiation and distribution of mucins after AA treatment, which can have adverse effect on colorectal health.

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Mucin Secretion in the Ewe's Oviduct

Nature ◽

10.1038/171750a0 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 171 (4356) ◽

pp. 750-750 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. HADEK

Keyword(s):

Mucin Secretion

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