O41. Longitudinal Changes in Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Levels Related to Treatment Outcomes and Recovery From Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. S122-S123
Author(s):  
Christiaan Vinkers ◽  
Elbert Geuze ◽  
Sanne van Rooij ◽  
Mitzy Kennis ◽  
Remmelt Schur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Post Traumatic

Intergenerational effects of maternal post-traumatic stress disorder on offspring epigenetic patterns and cortisol levels

Epigenomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Hjort ◽  
Feride Rushiti ◽  
Shr-Jie Wang ◽  
Peter Fransquet ◽  
Sebahate P Krasniqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Epigenetic Patterns

Aim: To investigate the association between maternal post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during pregnancy and offspring DNA methylation and cortisol levels. Materials & methods: Blood genome-wide DNA methylation and cortisol was measured in the youngest child of 117 women who experienced sexual violence/torture during the Kosovo war. Results: Seventy-two percent of women had PTSD symptoms during pregnancy. Their children had higher cortisol levels and differential methylation at candidate genes ( NR3C1, HTR3A and BNDF) . No methylation differences reached epigenome-wide corrected significance levels. Conclusion: Identifying the biological processes whereby the negative effects of trauma are passed across generations and defining groups at high risk is a key step to breaking the intergenerational transmission of the effects of mental disorders.

scholarly journals Transgenerational effects of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda: A post-traumatic stress disorder symptom domain analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Susan Rudahindwa ◽  
Leon Mutesa ◽  
Eugene Rutembesa ◽  
Jean Mutabaruka ◽  
Annie Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Symptom Domains ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: A number of studies have investigated transgenerational effects of parental post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its repercussions for offspring. Few studies however, have looked at this issue in the African context. Methods: The present study addresses this gap by utilizing a Pearson correlation matrix to investigate symptom severity within the three Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) PTSD symptom domains in mothers exposed to the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda (n=25) and offspring (n=25), and an ethnically matched set of controls (n=50) who were outside of Rwanda during the 1994 genocide. All mothers were pregnant with the offspring included in the study during the time of the genocide. Results: Total PTS score was significantly (p<0.01) correlated with each of the three symptom domains at various strengths in both cases and controls. No significant differences in association of total PTS score and PTSD symptom domains were observed between exposed mothers and offspring, suggesting that each symptom domain contributed equivalently to both exposed mothers and offspring distress. In contrast, the re-experiencing symptom domain showed a significant difference in correlation to overall PTS score in non-exposed mothers compared to their offspring (p<0.05), with mothers showing a significantly higher correlation. Furthermore, the correlation between avoidance/numbing symptoms to overall PTS was significantly different (p≤0.01) across exposed and non-exposed mothers. As a secondary analysis, we explored the relationship between DNA methylation in the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) locus, an important stress modulating gene, and PTSD symptom domains, finding an association between DNA methylation and re-experiencing among genocide-exposed mothers that exceeded any other observed associations by approximately two-fold.  Conclusions: This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a symptom-based analysis of transgenerational transmission of PTSD in sub-Saharan Africa. These findings can be leveraged to inform further mechanistic and treatment research for PTSD.

Genetic Approaches to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guia Guffanti ◽  
Milissa L. Kaufman ◽  
Lauren A. M. Lebois ◽  
Kerry J. Ressler
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with an estimated genetic component accounting for 30%–40% of the variance contributing to risk for the disease. This chapter starts with a review of the biological hypotheses and related genetic mechanisms currently proposed to be associated with PTSD and trauma-related disorders. It will follow with a description of the state-of-the-art on the methodologies and their application to map genetic loci and identify biomarkers associated with PTSD. Finally, we will review the latest results from genome-wide association studies of genetic variants as well as those derived from the emerging fields of epigenetics and gene expression.

scholarly journals Longitudinal changes of telomere length and epigenetic age related to traumatic stress and post-traumatic stress disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 506-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco P. Boks ◽  
Hans C. van Mierlo ◽  
Bart P.F. Rutten ◽  
Timothy R.D.J. Radstake ◽  
Lot De Witte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epigenetic Age ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Identification of DNA Methylation Changes That Predict Onset of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Following Physical Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina A. Martin ◽  
Rany Vorn ◽  
Martin Schrieber ◽  
Chen Lai ◽  
Sijung Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Control

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are commonly experienced after exposure to highly stressful events, including physical trauma, yet, biological predictors remain elusive. Methylation of DNA may provide key insights, as it likely is reflective of factors that may increase the risk in trauma patients, as DNA methylation is altered by previous stressors. Here, we compared DNA methylation patterns using bisulfite sequencing in patients with a physical trauma that required more than a 24-h hospitalization (n = 33). We then compared DNA methylation in patients who developed and compared the following groups (1) PTSD and MDD; n = 12), (2) MDD (patients with MDD only; n = 12), and (3) control (patients who did not have PTSD or MDD; n = 9), determined by the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) at 6-months follow-up. We identified 17 genes with hypermethylated cytosine sites and 2 genes with hypomethylated sites in comparison between PTSD and control group. In comparison between MDD and control group, we identified 12 genes with hypermethylated cytosine sites and 6 genes with hypomethylated sites. Demethylation of these genes altered the CREB signaling pathway in neurons and may represent a promising therapeutic development target for PTSD and MDD. Our findings suggest that epigenetic changes in these gene regions potentially relate to the onset and symptomology of PTSD and MDD and could be used as potential biomarkers in predicting the onset of PTSD or MDD following traumatic events.

scholarly journals DNA methylation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 mediates the prospective relation between exposure to different traumatic event types and post-traumatic stress disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Occean ◽  
Agaz H. Wani ◽  
Janelle Donglasan ◽  
Allison E. Aiello ◽  
Sandro Galea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Cpg Site ◽  
Trauma Types ◽  
Post Traumatic

The mechanisms through which exposure to differing trauma types become biologically embedded to shape the risk for subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is unclear. DNA methylation (5-mC), particularly in stress-relevant genes, may play a role in this relationship. We conducted path analysis using generalized structural equation modeling to investigate whether blood-derived 5-mC in Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 1 (NFATC1) mediated the prospective association between each of five different trauma types (assaultive violence, other injury or shocking experience, learning of trauma to loved one, sudden, unexpected death of a close friend or relative, and other) and lifetime PTSD. All five trauma types were significantly associated with reduced methylation at NFATC1 CpG site, cg17057218. Three of the five trauma types were significantly associated with increased methylation at NFATC1 CpG site, cg22324981. Moreover, methylation at cg17057218 significantly mediated 23-34% of the total effect for three of the five trauma types, while methylation at cg22324981 mediated 36-53% of the total effect for two of the five trauma types. These CpG sites were differentially associated with transcription factor binding sites and chromatin state signatures. NFATC1 5-mC may be a potential mechanism in the relationship between some trauma types and prospective risk for PTSD.

scholarly journals Differential immune system DNA methylation and cytokine regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia K. Smith ◽  
Karen N. Conneely ◽  
Varun Kilaru ◽  
Kristina B. Mercer ◽  
Tamara E. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cytokine Regulation ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Predictors of treatment failure among patients with gunshot wounds and post-traumatic stress disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iurii Leonidovych Kuchyn ◽  
Vasyl’ Romanovych Horoshko
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Ptsd Treatment ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background The 82.1% treatment failure of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), associated with gunshot wounds, is related to high incidence of chronic pain syndrome as well as resistance to the PTSD treatment. Defining treatment failure predictors among the PTSD patients with gunshot extremity wounds and the following therapy would improve treatment outcomes. Methods A total of 218 patients completed the study. The Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD (M-PTSD) was used for assessment of the treatment outcome rate. The risk relation between treatment failure and factors was assessed by a univariate or multivariate logistic regression method, with the model accuracy measured by the AUC – Area under the ROC curve. The odds ratio (OR) was considered for the qualitative factor assessment. Results The predictors of the PTSD treatment failure among the patients with gunshot wounds to the extremities are: 1) anesthesia type: the risk of failure is higher with the general anesthesia compared to the regional (p = 0.002), OR = 0.30 (95% CI 0.13-0.69) and the regional one with sedation (p = 0.004), OR = 0.30 (95% CI 0,14-0.65); 2) severe postoperative pain: the risk of treatment failure rises with increased pain intensity assessed by the visual analogue scale (p = 0.02), OR = 3.2 (95% CI 1.2-8.3). Conclusions The analysis showed that administration of general anesthesia compared to the regional one (regardless of the sedation) and high postoperative pain intensity are associated with higher risk of the PTSD treatment failure among patients with gunshot wounds to the extremities. The preference of regional anesthesia and postoperative pain control may potentially improve the treatment outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: Retrospectively registered on December 30, 2020, NCT04689022.

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