Ex-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis (ex-CFP) of biomass applying ZSM-5 catalysts is an effective method for deoxygenating the pyrolysis vapour, thus producing low-oxygen bio-oil in a single step. The catalysts deactivate...
During catalytic upgrading over HZSM-5 of vapors from fast pyrolysis of biomass (ex situ CFP), water reacts with aromatic intermediates to form phenols that are then desorbed from the catalyst micropores and produced as products.