Colour Doppler ultrasound of spiral artery blood flow in the prediction of pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Gebb ◽  
Pe’er Dar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Spiral Artery ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Colour Doppler Ultrasound

scholarly journals Evaluation of radial and ulnar artery blood flow after radial artery decannulation using colour Doppler ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-jia Liu ◽  
Hong-mei Zhou ◽  
Huan-liang Tang ◽  
Qing-he Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Colour Doppler Ultrasound

Abstract Background There is a lack of reports in the literature regarding changes in radial artery blood flow after decannulation. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in radial and ulnar artery blood flow after radial artery decannulation using Doppler ultrasound and to explore the factors that influence radial artery blood flow recovery. Methods In current observational study, we used colour Doppler ultrasound to measure the cross-sectional area of the radial (SR) and ulnar artery (SU) and peak systolic velocity of the radial (PSVR) and ulnar artery (PSVU) for both hands at four time points in patients with radial artery cannulation: pre-cannulation (T0), 30 min after decannulation (T1), 24 h after decannulation (T2), and 7 days after decannulation (T3). Repeated measures analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis were performed to analyse the data. Results Overall, 120 patients were included in the present study. We obtained the following results on the side ipsilateral to the cannulation: compared with T0, the ratio of PSVU/PSVR increased significantly at T1 and T2 (p < 0.01); compared with T1, the ratio of PSVU/PSVR decreased significantly at T2 and T3 (p < 0.01); compared with T2, the ratio of PSVU/PSVR decreased significantly at T3 (p < 0.01). Female sex (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.01–7.57; p = 0.048) and local hematoma (OR 3.04 [1.12–8.25]; p = 0.029) were factors that were significantly associated with the recovery of radial artery blood flow 7 days after decannulation. Conclusions There was a compensatory increase in blood flow in the ulnar artery after ipsilateral radial artery decannulation. Female sex and local hematoma formation are factors that may affect the recovery of radial artery blood flow 7 days after catheter removal.

Melatonin supplementation alters uteroplacental hemodynamics and fetal development in an ovine model of intrauterine growth restriction

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (4) ◽  
pp. R454-R467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb O. Lemley ◽  
Allison M. Meyer ◽  
Leticia E. Camacho ◽  
Tammi L. Neville ◽  
David J. Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Ovine Model ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Using a mid- to late-gestation ovine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), we examined uteroplacental blood flow and fetal growth during melatonin supplementation as a 2 × 2 factorial design. At day 50 of gestation, 32 ewes were supplemented with 5 mg of melatonin (MEL) or no melatonin (CON) and were allocated to receive 100% [adequate; (ADQ)] or 60% [restricted (RES)] of nutrient requirements until day 130 of gestation. Umbilical artery blood flow was increased from day 60 to day 110 of gestation in MEL vs. CON dams, while umbilical artery blood flow was decreased from day 80 to day 110 of gestation in RES vs. ADQ dams. At day 130 of gestation, uteroplacental hemodynamics, measured under general anesthesia, and fetal growth were evaluated. Uterine artery blood flow was decreased in RES vs. ADQ dams, while melatonin supplementation did not affect uterine artery blood flow. Total placentome weight and placentome number were not different between treatment groups. Fetal weight was decreased by nutrient restriction. Abdominal girth and ponderal index were increased in fetuses from MEL-ADQ dams vs. all other groups. Fetal biparietal distance was decreased in CON-RES vs. CON-ADQ dams, while melatonin supplementation rescued fetal biparietal distance. Fetal kidney length and width were increased by maternal melatonin treatment. Fetal cardiomyocyte area was altered by both maternal melatonin treatment and nutritional plane. In summary, melatonin may negate the consequences of IUGR during specific abnormalities in umbilical blood flow as long as sufficient uterine blood perfusion is maintained during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Intrauterine growth restriction alters nutrient metabolism in the intestine of porcine offspring

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Li ◽  
Shimeng Huang ◽  
Long Lei ◽  
Shiyu Tao ◽  
Yi Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Abstract Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has negative impacts on the postnatal survival, growth and development of humans and animals, with not only on newborns but also adulthood. However, the characteristics for nutrient digestion and absorption in IUGR offspring are still largely unknown. Therefore, the normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR growing pigs were used in this study to investigate their differences in nutrient utilization, with an expectition for further nutritional optimization of the IUGR offspring during their later life. Methods Twelve IUGR and 12 NBW growing pigs were fitted with catheters in their portal vein to measure blood flow rate as well as nutrients and metabolites in plasma. The digestibilities of nutrients in different intestinal segments, and bacterial fermentation in the large intestine were examined to reveal the characteristics of nutrients utilization in IUGR versus NBW pigs. Results The rate of portal venous blood flow did not differ beween IUGR and NBW pigs. Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were much lower but those of urea were higher in the portal vein of IUGR pigs, compared with the NBW pigs. The ileal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy and starch were lower in IUGR pigs than in NBW pigs. IUGR increased hindgut microbial diversity and bacterial fermentation activity in the caecum. In vitro cross-fermentation of ileal digesta by caecal microbes of NBW and IUGR pigs showed that gas production was much higher for IUGR ileal digesta regardless of the source of caecal inocula. Conclusion IUGR impairs the nutrient digestion and absorption in small intestine, reduces caecal microbial diversity and promotes bacterial fermentation in the large intestine during the growing phase. These findings aid in our understanding of nutrient metabolism in IUGR pigs and provide the basis for future nutritional interventions.

scholarly journals CSH RNA Interference Reduces Global Nutrient Uptake and Umbilical Blood Flow Resulting in Intrauterine Growth Restriction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8150
Author(s):  
Amelia R. Tanner ◽  
Cameron S. Lynch ◽  
Victoria C. Kennedy ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Quinton A. Winger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Umbilical Blood Flow ◽  
Placental Hormone

Deficiency of the placental hormone chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH) can lead to the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). To gain insight into the physiological consequences of CSH RNA interference (RNAi), the trophectoderm of hatched blastocysts (nine days of gestational age; dGA) was infected with a lentivirus expressing either a scrambled control or CSH-specific shRNA, prior to transfer into synchronized recipient sheep. At 90 dGA, umbilical hemodynamics and fetal measurements were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography. At 120 dGA, pregnancies were fitted with vascular catheters to undergo steady-state metabolic studies with the 3H2O transplacental diffusion technique at 130 dGA. Nutrient uptake rates were determined and tissues were subsequently harvested at necropsy. CSH RNAi reduced (p ≤ 0.05) both fetal and uterine weights as well as umbilical blood flow (mL/min). This ultimately resulted in reduced (p ≤ 0.01) umbilical IGF1 concentrations, as well as reduced umbilical nutrient uptakes (p ≤ 0.05) in CSH RNAi pregnancies. CSH RNAi also reduced (p ≤ 0.05) uterine nutrient uptakes as well as uteroplacental glucose utilization. These data suggest that CSH is necessary to facilitate adequate blood flow for the uptake of oxygen, oxidative substrates, and hormones essential to support fetal and uterine growth.

Association of maternal and/or fetal factor V Leiden and G20210A prothrombin mutation with HELLP syndrome and intrauterine growth restriction

2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar SCHLEMBACH ◽  
Ernst BEINDER ◽  
Juergen ZINGSEM ◽  
Ute WUNSIEDLER ◽  
Matthias W. BECKMANN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Hellp Syndrome ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Prothrombin Mutation ◽  
Thrombophilic Mutations

This study was conducted to investigate the association of maternal and/or fetal factor V Leiden (FVL) and G20210A prothrombin mutation with HELLP syndrome. FVL and G20210A prothrombin mutation were determined using PCR. Sixty-three pregnant women, 36 of them diagnosed with HELLP syndrome, were included in the study. Overall, 68 children were born as a result of these pregnancies and blood sampling was possible in 28 out of 39 children from HELLP patients and 25 out of 29 children from the control women. The prevalence of a maternal FVL was elevated 2-fold in HELLP patients compared with the control women [six out of 36 (16.7%) compared with two out of 27 (7.4%); P=0.282]. None of the HELLP patients and only one woman in the control group was found to be positive for the G20210A prothrombin mutation (P=0.251). The fetal carrier frequency was four out of 28 compared with three out of 25 for FVL (P=0.811), and two out of 28 compared with one out of 25 for G20210A prothrombin mutation (P=0.629). Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was significantly higher in fetuses found to be positive for a thrombophilic mutation (P=0.022). IUGR occurred in seven out of ten fetuses with a thrombophilic mutation compared with 11 out of 43 in fetuses without a mutation. The prevalence of FVL, but not of the G20210A prothrombin mutation, seems to be elevated in women with HELLP syndrome. A fetal thrombophilic mutation does not contribute significantly to the clinical features of the HELLP syndrome. Our results demonstrate a fetal contribution to IUGR. Fetal thrombophilic mutations may lead to placental microthrombosis, which consecutively could lead to a disturbed fetoplacental blood flow and thus cause growth restriction.

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