A novel multi-scale convolutional neural network for motor imagery classification

Automated pavement distress recognition is a key step in smart infrastructure assessment. Advances in deep learning and computer vision have improved the automated recognition of pavement distresses in road surface images. This task remains challenging due to the high variation of defects in shapes and sizes, demanding a better incorporation of contextual information into deep networks. In this paper, we show that an attention-based multi-scale convolutional neural network (A+MCNN) improves the automated classification of common distress and non-distress objects in pavement images by (i) encoding contextual information through multi-scale input tiles and (ii) employing a mid-fusion approach with an attention module for heterogeneous image contexts from different input scales. A+MCNN is trained and tested with four distress classes (crack, crack seal, patch, pothole), five non-distress classes (joint, marker, manhole cover, curbing, shoulder), and two pavement classes (asphalt, concrete). A+MCNN is compared with four deep classifiers that are widely used in transportation applications and a generic CNN classifier (as the control model). The results show that A+MCNN consistently outperforms the baselines by 1∼26% on average in terms of the F-score. A comprehensive discussion is also presented regarding how these classifiers perform differently on different road objects, which has been rarely addressed in the existing literature.

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Hyperspectral Image Classification Based on Multi-Scale Residual Network with Attention Mechanism

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13030335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 335

Author(s):

Yuhao Qing ◽

Wenyi Liu

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Image Classification ◽

Classification Accuracy ◽

Hyperspectral Image ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hyperspectral Image Classification ◽

Deep Network ◽

Multi Scale

In recent years, image classification on hyperspectral imagery utilizing deep learning algorithms has attained good results. Thus, spurred by that finding and to further improve the deep learning classification accuracy, we propose a multi-scale residual convolutional neural network model fused with an efficient channel attention network (MRA-NET) that is appropriate for hyperspectral image classification. The suggested technique comprises a multi-staged architecture, where initially the spectral information of the hyperspectral image is reduced into a two-dimensional tensor, utilizing a principal component analysis (PCA) scheme. Then, the constructed low-dimensional image is input to our proposed ECA-NET deep network, which exploits the advantages of its core components, i.e., multi-scale residual structure and attention mechanisms. We evaluate the performance of the proposed MRA-NET on three public available hyperspectral datasets and demonstrate that, overall, the classification accuracy of our method is 99.82 %, 99.81%, and 99.37, respectively, which is higher compared to the corresponding accuracy of current networks such as 3D convolutional neural network (CNN), three-dimensional residual convolution structure (RES-3D-CNN), and space–spectrum joint deep network (SSRN).

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A Multi-Scale Fusion Convolutional Neural Network based on Attention Mechanism for the Visualization Analysis of EEG Signals Decoding

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering ◽

10.1109/tnsre.2020.3037326 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Donglin Li ◽

Jiacan Xu ◽

Jianhui Wang ◽

Xiaoke Fang ◽

Ji Ying

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Attention Mechanism ◽

Eeg Signals ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Visualization Analysis

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Validating Deep Neural Networks for Online Decoding of Motor Imagery Movements from EEG Signals

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19010210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 210 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Zied Tayeb ◽

Juri Fedjaev ◽

Nejla Ghaboosi ◽

Christoph Richter ◽

Lukas Everding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Motor Imagery ◽

Classification Performance ◽

Feature Engineering ◽

Learning Models ◽

Eeg Signals ◽

Learning Methods

Non-invasive, electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) on motor imagery movements translate the subject’s motor intention into control signals through classifying the EEG patterns caused by different imagination tasks, e.g., hand movements. This type of BCI has been widely studied and used as an alternative mode of communication and environmental control for disabled patients, such as those suffering from a brainstem stroke or a spinal cord injury (SCI). Notwithstanding the success of traditional machine learning methods in classifying EEG signals, these methods still rely on hand-crafted features. The extraction of such features is a difficult task due to the high non-stationarity of EEG signals, which is a major cause by the stagnating progress in classification performance. Remarkable advances in deep learning methods allow end-to-end learning without any feature engineering, which could benefit BCI motor imagery applications. We developed three deep learning models: (1) A long short-term memory (LSTM); (2) a spectrogram-based convolutional neural network model (CNN); and (3) a recurrent convolutional neural network (RCNN), for decoding motor imagery movements directly from raw EEG signals without (any manual) feature engineering. Results were evaluated on our own publicly available, EEG data collected from 20 subjects and on an existing dataset known as 2b EEG dataset from “BCI Competition IV”. Overall, better classification performance was achieved with deep learning models compared to state-of-the art machine learning techniques, which could chart a route ahead for developing new robust techniques for EEG signal decoding. We underpin this point by demonstrating the successful real-time control of a robotic arm using our CNN based BCI.

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