Structural variations of the cathode deposit in the carbon arc

ABSTRACTUsing X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy we examine the morphology and crystallographic structure of carbon-coated nanoparticles produced in a modified Huffman-Kratschmer carbon arc process. Graphite rods containing Ho were consumed in the arc and soots sampled from both the reactor walls and the inner core of the cathode deposit are compared. The inner core soot displays increased crystallinity and less amorphous carbon than wall-deposited soot, and nanoparticles in the inner core have more graphitic layers in the encapsulating shells, more gaps between the carbon coating and the core, and exhibit a greater degree of facetting than particles harvested from the reactor walls. These differences are interpreted as manifestations of the high temperature post-formation environment of the inner core of the cathode deposit.

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Crystalloid Inclusions in Hepatocyte Mitochondria and Their Similarity to Cytoplasmic Crystalloids

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051001 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 198-199

Author(s):

Odell T. Minick ◽

Hidejiro Yokoo

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽

Special Interest ◽

Structural Variations ◽

Mitochondrial Alterations ◽

The Matrix ◽

Crystalloid Inclusions ◽

Liver Biopsies

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.

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Electron-diffraction studies of amorphous carbon thin films

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100151337 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 1100-1101

Author(s):

David A. Muller

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Electron Diffraction ◽

Amorphous Carbon ◽

Glassy Carbon ◽

Spherical Structure ◽

Local Ordering ◽

Carbon Arc ◽

Similar Appearance ◽

Carbon Thin Films ◽

Large Spherical

The sp2 rich amorphous carbons have a wide variety of microstructures ranging from flat sheetlike structures such as glassy carbon to highly curved materials having similar local ordering to the fullerenes. These differences are most apparent in the region of the graphite (0002) reflection of the energy filtered diffracted intensity obtained from these materials (Fig. 1). All these materials consist mainly of threefold coordinated atoms. This accounts for their similar appearance above 0.8 Å-1. The fullerene curves (b,c) show a string of peaks at distance scales corresponding to the packing of the large spherical and oblate molecules. The beam damaged C60 (c) shows an evolution to the sp2 amorphous carbons as the spherical structure is destroyed although the (220) reflection in fee fcc at 0.2 Å-1 does not disappear completely. This 0.2 Å-1 peak is present in the 1960 data of Kakinoki et. al. who grew films in a carbon arc under conditions similar to those needed to form fullerene rich soots.

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Carbon-Arc or Quartz Mercury-vapor Lights, The American Diet, and more

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican0230-158 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 142 (2) ◽

pp. 158-159

Author(s):

Morris Fishbein

Keyword(s):

Mercury Vapor ◽

Quartz Mercury ◽

Carbon Arc

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Metals to Replace the Carbon Arc and Platinum

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican05271916-339asupp ◽

1916 ◽

Vol 81 (2108supp) ◽

pp. 339-339

Keyword(s):

Carbon Arc

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CHARACTERISTICS OF A CARBON ARC DISCHARGE

High Temperature Material Processes An International Quarterly of High-Technology Plasma Processes ◽

10.1615/hightempmatproc.v5.i2.90 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Saidane ◽

H. Lange ◽

M. Razafinimanana ◽

A. Huczko ◽

C. Zedde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arc Discharge ◽

Carbon Arc

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Direct Read and Quantify Damage Nucleotide from an Oligonucleotide Using a Single Molecule Interface

10.26434/chemrxiv.10080638.v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jiajun Wang ◽

Meng-Yin Li ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Ya-Qian Wang ◽

Xue-Yuan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequencing ◽

Single Molecule ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Dna Lesions ◽

Lesion Detection ◽

The Novel ◽

Structural Variations ◽

Dna Lesion ◽

Base Lesion

DNA lesion such as metholcytosine(mC), 8-OXO-guanine(OG), inosine(I) etc could cause the genetic diseases. Identification of the varieties of lesion bases are usually beyond the capability of conventional DNA sequencing which is mainly designed to discriminate four bases only. Therefore, lesion detection remain challenge due to the massive varieties and less distinguishable readouts for minor structural variations. Moreover, standard amplification and labelling hardly works in DNA lesions detection. Herein, we designed a single molecule interface from the mutant K238Q Aerolysin, whose confined sensing region shows the high compatible to capture and then directly convert each base lesion into distinguishable current readouts. Compared with previous single molecule sensing interface, the resolution of the K238Q Aerolysin nanopore is enhanced by 2-order. The novel K238Q could direct discriminate at least 3 types (mC, OG, I) lesions without lableing and quantify modification sites under mixed hetero-composition condition of oligonucleotide. Such nanopore could be further applied to diagnose genetic diseases at high sensitivity.

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