scholarly journals An Essential and Cell-Cycle-Dependent ORC Dimerization Cycle Regulates Eukaryotic Chromosomal DNA Replication

Cell Reports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 3323-3338.e6
Author(s):  
Aftab Amin ◽  
Rentian Wu ◽  
Man Hei Cheung ◽  
John F. Scott ◽  
Ziyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Cycle Dependent

scholarly journals Asymmetric division yields progeny cells with distinct modes of regulating cell cycle-dependent chromosome methylation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (31) ◽  
pp. 15661-15670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Zhou ◽  
Jiarui Wang ◽  
Jonathan Herrmann ◽  
W. E. Moerner ◽  
Lucy Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Division ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Cycle Dependent

The cell cycle-regulated methylation state of Caulobacter DNA mediates the temporal control of transcriptional activation of several key regulatory proteins. Temporally controlled synthesis of the CcrM DNA methyltransferase and Lon-mediated proteolysis restrict CcrM to a specific time in the cell cycle, thereby allowing the maintenance of the hemimethylated state of the chromosome during the progression of DNA replication. We determined that a chromosomal DNA-based platform stimulates CcrM degradation by Lon and that the CcrM C terminus both binds to its DNA substrate and is recognized by the Lon protease. Upon asymmetric cell division, swarmer and stalked progeny cells employ distinct mechanisms to control active CcrM. In progeny swarmer cells, CcrM is completely degraded by Lon before its differentiation into a replication-competent stalked cell later in the cell cycle. In progeny stalked cells, however, accumulated CcrM that has not been degraded before the immediate initiation of DNA replication is sequestered to the cell pole. Single-molecule imaging demonstrated physical anticorrelation between sequestered CcrM and chromosomal DNA, thus preventing DNA remethylation. The distinct control of available CcrM in progeny swarmer and stalked cells serves to protect the hemimethylated state of DNA during chromosome replication, enabling robustness of cell cycle progression.

scholarly journals Characterization of a short, cis-acting DNA sequence which conveys cell cycle stage-dependent transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M McIntosh ◽  
T Atkinson ◽  
R K Storms ◽  
M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Sequence Element ◽  
Cell Cycle Stage ◽  
Transcription System ◽  
Cycle Dependent

Comparison of the 5'-flanking regions of several cell cycle-regulated DNA replication genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed the presence of a common sequence, 5'-ACGCGT-3', which is upstream and proximal to mapped transcription initiation sites. This sequence, which is the cleavage site for the restriction endonuclease MluI, is present twice in the upstream region of the yeast thymidylate synthase gene TMP1. Previous studies have implicated these MluI sites as critical components in the cell cycle-dependent transcription of TMP1. In this study, we examined more closely the importance of the ACGCGT sequences for the transcription of this gene. Using site-directed mutagenesis in combination with deletion analysis and subcloning experiments, we found that (i) while both of the TMP1 MluI sites contribute to the total transcription of this gene, the distal site is predominant and (ii) the 9-bp sequence ACGCGTTAA encompassing the distal MluI site exhibits properties of a cell cycle-stage dependent upstream activation sequence element. The results of this study support the notion that the ACGCGT sequence is an integral component of a transcription system which coordinates the cell cycle-dependent expression of DNA replication genes in S. cerevisiae.

Cell-cycle-dependent phosphorylation of RRM1 ensures efficient DNA replication and regulates cancer vulnerability to ATR inhibition

Oncogene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (35) ◽  
pp. 5721-5733
Author(s):  
Zhen Shu ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Huanhuan Huang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Jun Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Cycle Dependent

scholarly journals Cell Cycle-Dependent Switch of TopBP1 Functions by Cdk2 and Akt

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Joshua D. Graves ◽  
Yu-Ju Lee ◽  
Fang-Tsyr Lin ◽  
Weei-Chin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cyclin A ◽  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Dna Replication Initiation ◽  
Cycle Dependent

ABSTRACT Cdk2-dependent TopBP1-treslin interaction is critical for DNA replication initiation. However, it remains unclear how this association is terminated after replication initiation is finished. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of TopBP1 by Akt coincides with cyclin A activation during S and G2 phases and switches the TopBP1-interacting partner from treslin to E2F1, which results in the termination of replication initiation. Premature activation of Akt in G1 phase causes an early switch and inhibits DNA replication. TopBP1 is often overexpressed in cancer and can bypass control by Cdk2 to interact with treslin, leading to enhanced DNA replication. Consistent with this notion, reducing the levels of TopBP1 in cancer cells restores sensitivity to a Cdk2 inhibitor. Together, our study links Cdk2 and Akt pathways to the control of DNA replication through the regulation of TopBP1-treslin interaction. These data also suggest an important role for TopBP1 in driving abnormal DNA replication in cancer.

Involvement of annexin II in DNA replication: evidence from cell-free extracts of Xenopus eggs

1993 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Vishwanatha ◽  
S. Kumble
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Annexin Ii ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Stringent Requirement ◽  
Exogenous Dna ◽  
Nuclear Assembly ◽  
Egg Extracts ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes

Cell-free extracts of Xenopus eggs efficiently initiate and complete semiconservative DNA replication of exogenously added plasmid DNA. DNA replication in such extracts can be neutralized by a monoclonal antibody (D1/274.5) against human annexin II. Specific immunodepletion of Xenopus annexin II from the egg extracts results in loss of DNA replicative ability. Immunodepletion of annexin II does not prevent nuclear assembly, a stringent requirement for DNA synthesis on exogenous DNA in this system. Replicative ability can be restored to the immunodepleted extracts by the addition of purified human annexin II. These results demonstrate that annexin II is involved in chromosomal DNA replication and has a role in the cell cycle of higher eukaryotes.

Plasmid and chromosomal DNA replication and partitioning during the Caulobacter crescentus cell cycle

1990 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Marczynski ◽  
Andrew Dingwall ◽  
Lucille Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Chromosomal Dna

scholarly journals Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the yeast DNA polymerase alpha-primase B subunit.

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Foiani ◽  
G Liberi ◽  
G Lucchini ◽  
P Plevani
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Dna Polymerase Alpha ◽  
B Subunit ◽  
Initiation Of Dna Replication ◽  
Cycle Dependent

The yeast DNA polymerase alpha-primase B subunit functions in initiation of DNA replication. This protein is present in two forms, of 86 and 91 kDa, and the p91 polypeptide results from cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation of p86. The B subunit present in G1 arises by dephosphorylation of p91 while cells are exiting from mitosis, becomes phosphorylated in early S phase, and is competent and sufficient to initiate DNA replication. The B subunit transiently synthesized as a consequence of periodic transcription of the POL12 gene is phosphorylated no earlier than G2. Phosphorylation of the B subunit does not require execution of the CDC7-dependent step and ongoing DNA synthesis. We suggest that posttranslational modifications of the B subunit might modulate the role of DNA polymerase alpha-primase in DNA replication.

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