Metal concentrations in corals from South Africa and the Mascarene Basin: A first assessment for the Western Indian Ocean

Callogobius winterbottomi new species is described from the 33.8 mm SL holotype and two paratypes (32.2 mm SL and 22.9 mm SL) from the Comoros, Western Indian Ocean. It is distinguished from all other known Callogobius species by the following combination of characters: sensory pores absent, 23–26 scales in lateral series, and sensory papillae pre-opercular row not continuous with transverse opercular row. One additional specimen of Callogobius winterbottomi was located from South Africa. A new standardized naming system for Callogobius sensory papillae rows is presented for identification and clarification of character states among Callogobius species. The new species is tentatively placed among what we term the “sclateri group”, a clade including C. sclateri (Steindachner) and three other species that exhibit a modified female urogenital papilla with lateral distal flaps and elongate ctenii on the caudal peduncle scales. Callogobius tutuilae (Jordan & Seale) is removed from synonymy with C. sclateri because it has partially united pelvic fins (vs separate) and the preopercular sensory papillae row is continuous with the transverse opercular row (vs separate).

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Morphology and distribution of the acorn barnacle Tetraclita reni nom. nov. (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in Madagascar and adjacent waters

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2019.1.4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2019 (1) ◽

pp. 57-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

BENNY KWOK KAN CHAN ◽

CHIH-HSIUNG HSU ◽

PEI-CHEN TSAI

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

East Africa ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Type Locality ◽

Museum Specimens ◽

The South ◽

Acorn Barnacle ◽

Distribution Record

In Madagascan waters, both Tetraclita rufotincta Pilsbry 1916 and T. africana Ren 1989 have been reported. Tetraclita rufotincta is more widely distributed than T. africana, extending to the western Indian Ocean and east Africa. Tetraclita africana is reported from Madagascar and no further distribution record has been made apart from its type locality. Both species have pink parietes and are similar in size, which could lead to identification confusion. In this study, we revealed that T. africana differed from T. rufotincta in having multicuspidate setae on cirrus III, a feature that can be observed with both light microscopy and SEM. Additionally, the tergum of T. africana has a rounded spur and a larger basi-scutal angle than that of T. rufotincta. However, since the name Tetraclita africana has been pre-occupied under the name Tesseropora (Tetraclita) wireni africana Nilsson-Cantell, 1932, we, therefore, propose herein a replacement name, Tetraclita reni nom. nov. Based on museum specimens examined, Tetraclita reni nom. nov. is present in northeastern and southern Madagascar and Mauritius but absent from Yemen, Kenya, South Africa, Aldabra and northwestern Madagascar, suggesting the distribution of T. reni nom. nov. could be confined to the south and northeast of Madagascar and adjacent waters.

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Litsea glutinosa (Indian laurel).

10.1079/isc.31024.20203373914 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Manuel Angel Duenas-Lopez

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Pacific Islands ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Western Pacific ◽

Native Plant ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Native Plant Species ◽

Litsea Glutinosa

Abstract Litsea glutinosa belongs to the family Lauraceae. It is a small- to medium-sized tree, 3-20 m tall, semi-evergreen, and fast-growing dioecious (Chowdhury et al., 2008; Ramana and Raju, 2019). It is native to India, South China to Malaysia, Australia and the western Pacific islands, and introduced and established in South Africa, the western Indian Ocean, and the south-western Pacific (New Caledonia), Mauritius and other tropical regions (Dassanayake, 1995). It has been introduced as a crop (Vos, 2004) and as an ornamental in tropical countries (EPPO, 2019). It has escaped from cultivation and is naturalized in some of the introduced areas. L. glutinosa has many uses in its area of origin as well as in some of its areas of introduction (ISSG, 2015). It is used principally as a binder for tablet formulations, and in the incense stick industry (Ramana and Raju, 2017).L. glutinosa is considered invasive in South Africa, where it is declared an invader plant (Henderson, 2001) and in the Indian Ocean (MacDonald et al., 1991; ISSG, 2015; PIER, 2019) on the islands of Mauritius (Mauritius Island and Rodrigues Island) (PIER, 2019) and Mayotte (Vos, 2004; ISSG, 2015; PIER, 2019). Jacq et al. (2005) do not consider L. glutinosa to be invasive globally, and ISSG (2015) considers it a small tree with high invasion potential, displacing native plant species in disturbed environments, although there is no evidence yet of its impact. It is classified by the IUCN (2019) as a species of Least Concern.

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A review of the Acanthopagrus bifasciatus species complex (Pisces: Sparidae) from the Indian Ocean, with redescriptions of A. bifasciatus (Forsskål 1775) and A. catenula (Lacepède 1801) YUKIO IWATSUKI (Japan) & PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA (South Africa)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3025.1.2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3025 (1) ◽

pp. 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

YUKIO IWATSUKI ◽

PHILLIP C. HEEMSTRA

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Red Sea ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Valid Species ◽

Nominal Species ◽

Southern Population ◽

Northern Population ◽

Mascarene Islands ◽

Colour Patterns

The Doublebar Seabream, Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Forsskål 1775) with two conspicuous vertical black bars across the head has long been recognized as a distinctive species from the Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean. Two distinct colour patterns are associated with two allopatric populations except southern Oman and Somalia which appears to be a zone of overlap: a northern population (Red Sea, through Persian Gulf, to Pakistan) with dorsal and caudal fins immaculate yellow; and a southern population (east coast of Africa from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, Madagascar, and Mascarene Islands) having the dorsal fin with a wide black margin and caudal fin rear margin with a narrow black edge (and both black margins disappearing with growth in specimens over 30 cm SL). Both populations resulted in the two valid species: A. bifasciatus for the northern population and A. catenula (Lacepède 1801) for the southern population. Nominal species (junior synonyms) of the two species are discussed.

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Litsea glutinosa (Indian laurel).

10.1079/isc.31024.20203482731 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Manuel Angel Duenas-Lopez

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Pacific Islands ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Western Pacific ◽

Native Plant ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Native Plant Species ◽

Litsea Glutinosa

Abstract Litsea glutinosa belongs to the family Lauraceae. It is a small- to medium-sized tree, 3-20 m tall, semi-evergreen, and fast-growing dioecious (Chowdhury et al., 2008; Ramana and Raju, 2019). It is native to India, South China to Malaysia, Australia and the western Pacific islands, and introduced and established in South Africa, the western Indian Ocean, and the south-western Pacific (New Caledonia), Mauritius and other tropical regions (Dassanayake, 1995). It has been introduced as a crop (Vos, 2004) and as an ornamental in tropical countries (EPPO, 2019). It has escaped from cultivation and is naturalized in some of the introduced areas. L. glutinosa has many uses in its area of origin as well as in some of its areas of introduction (ISSG, 2015). It is used principally as a binder for tablet formulations, and in the incense stick industry (Ramana and Raju, 2017). L. glutinosa is considered invasive in South Africa, where it is declared an invader plant (Henderson, 2001) and in the Indian Ocean (MacDonald et al., 1991; ISSG, 2015; PIER, 2019) on the islands of Mauritius (Mauritius Island and Rodrigues Island) (PIER, 2019) and Mayotte (Vos, 2004; ISSG, 2015; PIER, 2019). Jacq et al. (2005) do not consider L. glutinosa to be invasive globally, and ISSG (2015) considers it a small tree with high invasion potential, displacing native plant species in disturbed environments, although there is no evidence yet of its impact. It is classified by the IUCN (2019) as a species of Least Concern.

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The species of Moloha Barnard, 1946, from the western Indian Ocean, with the description of a new species from India (Crustacea: Brachyura: Homolidae)

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2015.166 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Peter K.L. Ng ◽

Appukuttannair Biju Kumar

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Deep Water ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Southern India ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

The taxonomy of the deep-water homolid crabs Moloha grandperrini Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 and M. alisae Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 is re-examined, and the types redescribed and figured. Moloha alisae is reported from South Africa for the first time. A new species with an inflated carapace, M. tumida sp. nov., is also described from southern India and compared with its closest congeners.

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On the identities of Pinnotheres villosissimus Doflein, 1904, P. dofleini Lenz, in Lenz & Strunck, 1914, and P. pilumnoides Nobili, 1906 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) from the western Indian Ocean

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003785 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (5) ◽

pp. 611-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peter K. L. Ng

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

The Third ◽

A New Species

Abstract Doflein (1904) accidentally transposed the figures for the third maxillipeds of two species of pinnotherid crabs he described, a mistake which has taxonomic consequences. The species he described, Pinnotheres villosissimus Doflein, 1904, from Sumatra, is here referred to its own genus, Trichobezoares n. gen. The specimen Doflein identified as “Pinnotheres sp.” from South Africa was referred to a new species, Pinnotheres dofleini by Lenz (in Lenz & Strunck, 1914) partly based on Doflein’s (1904) incorrect figure of the third maxilliped. To stabilize the taxonomy of this species, Doflein’s specimen is selected as the lectotype; fixing the species as a member of Afropinnotheres Manning, 1993. Pinnotheres pilumnoides Nobili, 1906 (Djibouti) was differentiated from the taxon T. villosissimus partially on differences in the third maxilliped. It is redescribed, figured and shown to be a second species of Trichobezoares. The correct authorship for the species established in Lenz & Strunck (1914) is also discussed.

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Levels of selected toxic and essential elements in fish and oysters from Western Indian Ocean, Coast of Tanzania

Tanzania Journal of Science ◽

10.4314/tjs.v47i2.27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 718-727

Author(s):

Daniel A Shilla ◽

Shovi F Sawe

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Essential Elements ◽

International Standards ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Elemental Concentrations ◽

Toxic And Essential Elements ◽

Standards And Guidelines ◽

The Mean

Concentrations of toxic and essential elements in selected finfish and shellfish collected from Dar es Salaam and Tanga, Indian Ocean coast of Tanzania are presented. The elemental concentrations were determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer coupled with X-lab ProTM software. The mean concentrations of metals observed in finfish and shellfish collected from Tanga ranged from 3.40–5.75, 1.8–37.17, 3.5–7.1, 0.6–1.3, 0.53–0.73 and 16.80–96.70 mg kg–1 for As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. For Dar es Salaam, the mean concentrations of metals ranged from 3.34–9.46, 2.90–30.53, 3.4–6.9, 0.7–1.0, 0.57–0.80 and 14.2–100.90 mg kg–1 for As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. Thumbprint emperor showed the highest levels of Cu and Ni; octopus showed the highest values of As and Pb, while sardines showed the highest level of Mn. Oysters, used as pollution indicators in this study showed the highest elemental concentrations and exceeded their mean levels in finfish from Dar es Salaam by factors of 1.30, 7.15, 6.27, 2.72, 1.29 and 35.57 for As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. In samples from Tanga, the metal concentrations in oysters were several times higher (3.76, 17.68, 1.12, 3.89, 1.88 and 66.92 for As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) than in finfish, respectively. Based on metal concentrations in oysters, it can be concluded that coastal waters are contaminated with heavy metals. However, with an exception of arsenic and copper, the elemental levels in finfish are within the maximum permissible levels recommended by various international standards and guidelines. Keywords: Finfish, toxic elements, essential elements, pollution, EDXRF

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Two new species of Enenterum Linton, 1910 (Digenea) in the marine fish Neoscorpis lithophilus (Kyphosidae) from the south-western Indian Ocean

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00005253 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 131-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. A. Bray

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Oral Sucker ◽

Body Length ◽

Marine Fish ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

The South ◽

Two New Species ◽

The Status

ABSTRACTEnenterum elsti sp. nov. and E. prudhoei sp. nov. are described from the intestine of Neoscorpis lithophilus off Mapelane, Natal, South Africa. These species differ from others of the genus Enenterum in the ratio of the oral sucker to body-length and in the length of the prepharynx. E. elsti differs from. E. prudhoei in size, in sucker-ratio and in the number and configuration of the oral lobes. A key to the species of Enenterum is presented and the status of the genus briefly discussed.

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Redescription of Ateleopus japonicus Bleeker 1853, a senior synonym of Ateleopus natalensis Regan 1921 (Teleostei: Ateleopodiformes: Ateleopodidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4238.4.6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4238 (4) ◽

pp. 583

Author(s):

TATSUYA KAGA

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Western Indian Ocean ◽

Close Similarity ◽

Valid Species ◽

Body Proportions ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Senior Synonym ◽

The Difference

Ateleopus natalensis Regan 1921, described from off the coast of Natal, South Africa, has been regarded as a valid species. Regan (1921) stated that the difference between the two species is the condition of the lower-jaw teeth: toothless in A. natalensis vs. teeth present in Ateleopus japonicus Bleeker 1853. However, the condition of lower-jaw teeth of Ateleopus has been proved an unreliable character because the lower-jaw teeth are very deciduous. Although Regan (1921) also implied that the differences between the two species include several body proportions, my examination of two syntypes and non-type specimens of A. natalensis from the western Indian Ocean revealed their close similarity to the range of many specimens of A. japonicus. Ateleopus japonicus is redescribed as a senior synonym of A. natalensis.

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