State of the art in Stratum Corneum research: The biophysical properties of ceramides

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schmitt ◽  
Reinhard H.H. Neubert
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biophysical Properties

scholarly journals Dermic diffusion and stratum corneum: A state of the art review of mathematical models

2014 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 74-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Couto ◽  
Rúben Fernandes ◽  
M. Natália S. Cordeiro ◽  
Sara S. Reis ◽  
Rogério T. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
State Of The Art

Influence of niacinamide containing formulations on the molecular and biophysical properties of the stratum corneum

2013 ◽  
Vol 441 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mohammed ◽  
J.M. Crowther ◽  
P.J. Matts ◽  
J. Hadgraft ◽  
M.E. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Biophysical Properties

Tackling the biophysical properties of sphingolipids to decipher their biological roles

2015 ◽  
Vol 396 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 597-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Carreira ◽  
Ana E. Ventura ◽  
Ana R.P. Varela ◽  
Liana C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Sphingoid Bases ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Lipid Interactions ◽  
Cellular Events

Abstract From the most simple sphingoid bases to their complex glycosylated derivatives, several sphingolipid species were shown to have a role in fundamental cellular events and/or disease. Increasing evidence places lipid-lipid interactions and membrane structural alterations as central mechanisms underlying the action of these lipids. Understanding how these molecules exert their biological roles by studying their impact in the physical properties and organization of membranes is currently one of the main challenges in sphingolipid research. Herein, we review the progress in the state-of-the-art on the biophysical properties of sphingolipid-containing membranes, focusing on sphingosine, ceramides, and glycosphingolipids.

scholarly journals PVPred-SCM: Improved Prediction and Analysis of Phage Virion Proteins Using a Scoring Card Method

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phasit Charoenkwan ◽  
Sakawrat Kanthawong ◽  
Nalini Schaduangrat ◽  
Janchai Yana ◽  
Watshara Shoombuatong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Dipeptide Composition ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Scoring Card Method

Although, existing methods have been successful in predicting phage (or bacteriophage) virion proteins (PVPs) using various types of protein features and complex classifiers, such as support vector machine and naïve Bayes, these two methods do not allow interpretability. However, the characterization and analysis of PVPs might be of great significance to understanding the molecular mechanisms of bacteriophage genetics and the development of antibacterial drugs. Hence, we herein proposed a novel method (PVPred-SCM) based on the scoring card method (SCM) in conjunction with dipeptide composition to identify and characterize PVPs. In PVPred-SCM, the propensity scores of 400 dipeptides were calculated using the statistical discrimination approach. Rigorous independent validation test showed that PVPred-SCM utilizing only dipeptide composition yielded an accuracy of 77.56%, indicating that PVPred-SCM performed well relative to the state-of-the-art method utilizing a number of protein features. Furthermore, the propensity scores of dipeptides were used to provide insights into the biochemical and biophysical properties of PVPs. Upon comparison, it was found that PVPred-SCM was superior to the existing methods considering its simplicity, interpretability, and implementation. Finally, in an effort to facilitate high-throughput prediction of PVPs, we provided a user-friendly web-server for identifying the likelihood of whether or not these sequences are PVPs. It is anticipated that PVPred-SCM will become a useful tool or at least a complementary existing method for predicting and analyzing PVPs.

Conventional and natural compounds for the treatment of dermatophytosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 707-720
Author(s):  
Ana I Lopes ◽  
Freni K Tavaria ◽  
Manuela E Pintado
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Superficial Skin ◽  
High Treatment

Abstract Dermatophytes are a group of pathogenic fungi that exclusively infect the stratum corneum of the skin, nails, and hair, causing dermatophytosis. Superficial skin infections caused by dermatophytes have increased in the last decades. There are conventional antifungals that treat these infections, such as terbinafine, fluconazole, and others. However, the limitations of these treatments (resistance, side effects and toxicity) along with the increasing over-prescription, the misuse of these antifungals and the high treatment costs led to the search for new, alternative, natural-based antifungal drugs. These have multiple mechanisms of action, which works to their advantage, making it difficult for a fungus to create resistance mechanisms against all of them at the same time. The main objective of this work is to provide a state-of-the-art review on dermatophytes, dermatophytosis, and the existing treatments, both conventional and natural, such as chitosan and essential oils.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen limitation and soil processes on mid–Holocene greening of the Sahara

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooyeop Lee ◽  
Martin Claussen ◽  
Jeongwon Kim ◽  
Je-Woo Hong ◽  
In-Sun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
System Model ◽  
Climate Simulation ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The so–called Green Sahara (GS), wet and vegetative Sahara region in the mid–Holocene, provides useful information on our climate simulation because it is consequence of complex interaction between biophysical and climatic processes. It is still a challenge to simulate the GS in terms of vegetative extent and precipitation using the current climate models. This study attempts to simulate the Green Sahara by using the state–of–the–art earth system model CESM that incorporates the nitrogen cycle and the soil–albedo–precipitation feedback. Our study focuses on the impact of soil biophysical properties and soil nitrogen on the simulation of the GS. With changes in the Earth’s orbit and dust in the mid–Holocene, the model simulates increased precipitation in North Africa, but does not capture the extent of the GS. Further analysis shows that the mid–Holocene greening is simulated better if the amount of soil nitrogen and soil texture are properly modified during the GS period through their influence on photosynthesis and surface albedo and their consequent enhanced albedo– and evapotranspiration–precipitation feedbacks. Our findings suggest that future climate simulation needs to consider consequent changes in soil nitrogen and texture with changes in vegetation cover and density for proper climate simulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document