Association between lean body mass and muscle thickness with frailty in community dwelling dutch older adults

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the impact of recipe and single-use herb/spice packet provision on egg intake and protein intake in community-dwelling individuals aged over 55 years. Design: Using a randomised-controlled intervention design, 100 older adults were randomised to receive (n 53) or not receive (n 47) high-protein egg-based recipes and herb/spice packets through the post for 12 weeks, from June to December 2016. Egg intake, protein intake, adverse events, lean body mass and functional measures of lean body mass were measured at baseline, after the 12 weeks and after a further 12 weeks. Setting: Bournemouth, UK. Participants: Community-dwelling older adults. Results: Intention-to-treat data were analysed using regression, controlling for various demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Ninety-three individuals (intervention, n 50; control, n 43) completed assessments at all three time points. Egg intakes increased by end of intervention in both groups (mean: 4–5 eggs/month). After a further 12 weeks, higher egg intakes were sustained in the intervention group, while egg intakes in the control group returned to baseline levels (between-group difference: β = −0·124, P = 0·047). No differences were found in other measures (largest β = −0·106, P = 0·12). Conclusions: The provision of high-protein egg-based recipes and single-use herb/spice packets over 12 weeks increased egg intakes up to 12 weeks after end of intervention. Other factors may explain increased egg intakes during the intervention, but the sustained effects most plausibly result directly from recipe provision. Limited effects in other measures suggest that the recipes may have replaced as opposed to added to existing protein intakes.

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Effects of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqy192 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 108 (5) ◽

pp. 1043-1059 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Dominique S M ten Haaf ◽

Malou A H Nuijten ◽

Martijn F H Maessen ◽

Astrid M H Horstman ◽

Thijs M H Eijsvogels ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACT Background Increasing protein intake has been suggested as an effective strategy to ameliorate age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Current reviews assessing the effect of protein supplementation are strongly influenced by the inclusion of studies with frail older adults. Objectives We assessed the effect of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in exclusively nonfrail community-dwelling older adults. Moreover, we assessed the superior effects of protein supplementation during concomitant resistance exercise training on muscle characteristics. Design A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to 15 May 2018. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed the effect of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle thigh cross-sectional area, muscle strength, gait speed, and chair-rise ability and performed random-effects meta-analyses. Results Data from 36 studies with 1682 participants showed no significant effects of protein supplementation on changes in lean body mass [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.11; 95% CI: −0.06, 0.28], handgrip strength (SMD: 0.58; 95% CI: −0.08, 1.24), lower extremity muscle strength (SMD: 0.03; 95% CI: −0.20, 0.27), gait speed (SMD: 0.41; 95% CI: −0.04, 0.85), or chair-rise ability (SMD: 0.10; 95%: CI −0.08, 0.28) compared with a control condition in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults. Moreover, no superior effects of protein supplementation were found during concomitant resistance exercise training on muscle characteristics. Conclusions Protein supplementation in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults does not lead to increases in lean body mass, muscle cross-sectional area, muscle strength, or physical performance compared with control conditions; nor does it exert superior effects when added to resistance exercise training. Habitual protein intakes of most study participants were already sufficient, and protein interventions differed in terms of type of protein, amount, and timing. Future research should clarify what specific protein supplementation protocol is beneficial for nonfrail community-dwelling older adults with low habitual protein intake.

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Dietary protein intake is associated with lean body mass in community-dwelling older adults

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2013.05.014 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 608-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Olof G. Geirsdottir ◽

Atli Arnarson ◽

Alfons Ramel ◽

Palmi V. Jonsson ◽

Inga Thorsdottir

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Dietary Protein Intake ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Bedside Ultrasound Measures of Muscle Mass and Frailty Measures in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.861 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 269-269

Author(s):

Kenneth Madden ◽

Boris Feldman ◽

Shane Arishenkoff ◽

Graydon Meneilly

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Frailty Index ◽

Geriatric Medicine ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Vancouver General Hospital ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽

Clinical Frailty Scale ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract The age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength in older adults is called sarcopenia, and it is associated with increased rates of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and death. Sarcopenia is one of the most common physical etiologies for increased frailty in older adults, and some recent work has suggested the use of Point-of care ultrasound (PoCUS) measures as a potential measure of muscle mass. The objective of this study was to examine the association of PoCUS measures of muscle thickness (MT) with measures of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. We recruited 150 older adults (age >= 65; mean age 80.0±0.5 years, 66 women, 84 men) sequentially from 5 geriatric medicine clinics (Vancouver General Hospital). We measured lean muscle mass (LMM, by bioimpedance assay) and an ultrasonic measure of muscle quantity (MT, vastus medialis muscle thickness) in all subjects, as well as two outcome measures of frailty (FFI, Fried Frailty Index; RCFS, Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale). In our models, MT showed an inverse correlation with the FFI (Standardized β=-0.2320±0.107, p=0.032) but no significant correlation with the RCFS (Standardized β = -0.025±0.086, p=0.776). LMM showed no significant association with either FFI (Standardized β=-0.232±0.120, p=0.055) or RCFS (Standardized β = -0.043±0.119, p=0.719). Our findings indicate that PoCUS measures show potential as a way to screen for physical manifestations of frailty and might be superior to other bedside methods such as bioimpedance assay. However, PoCUS measures of muscle thickness will likely miss patients showing frailty in the much broader context captured by the RCFS.

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Efficacy of phosphatidic acid ingestion on lean body mass, muscle thickness and strength gains in resistance-trained men

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition ◽

10.1186/1550-2783-9-47 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jay R Hoffman ◽

Jeffrey R Stout ◽

David R Williams ◽

Adam J Wells ◽

Maren S Fragala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphatidic Acid ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Muscle Thickness

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Efficacy of a novel formulation of L-Carnitine, creatine, and leucine on lean body mass and functional muscle strength in healthy older adults: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-016-0158-y ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Malkanthi Evans ◽

Najla Guthrie ◽

John Pezzullo ◽

Toran Sanli ◽

Roger A. Fielding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Double Blind Placebo

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Leucine-Enriched Protein Supplementation Increases Lean Body Mass in Healthy Korean Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061816 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1816

Author(s):

Yeji Kang ◽

Namhee Kim ◽

Yong Jun Choi ◽

Yunhwan Lee ◽

Jihye Yun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Dropout Rate ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Control Group ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Middle Aged Adults

Early prevention of sarcopenia could be an important strategy for muscle retention, but most studies have focused on subjects aged 65 or older. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of leucine-enriched protein supplementation on muscle condition in a sample including late middle-aged adults. A 12-week intervention was performed for 120 healthy community-dwelling adults by providing either leucine-enriched protein supplement [protein 20g(casein 50%+ whey 40%+ soy 10%, total leucine 3000 mg), vitamin D 800IU(20 ug), calcium 300 mg, fat 1.1 g, carbohydrate 2.5 g] or isocaloric carbohydrate supplement twice per day. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and lean body mass (LBM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A total of 111 participants completed the study, with a dropout rate of 9.2%. LBM normalized by body weight (LBM/Wt) was significantly increased (p < 0.001) in the intervention group (0 wk: 63.38 ± 0.85 vs. 12 wk 63.68 ± 0.83 in the intervention group; 0 wk: 63.85 ± 0.82 vs. 12 wk: 63.29 ± 0.81 in the control group). In subgroup analyses, significant differences remained only in subjects between 50 and 64 years of age. We concluded that leucine-enriched protein supplementation can have beneficial effects by preventing muscle loss, mainly for late middle-aged adults.

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Protein supplementation improves lean body mass in physically active older adults: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle ◽

10.1002/jcsm.12394 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 298-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Dominique S.M. Haaf ◽

Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels ◽

Coen C.W.G. Bongers ◽

Astrid M.H. Horstman ◽

Silvie Timmers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Physically Active

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Association of physical activity with age-related changes in muscle echo intensity in older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00317.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 125 (5) ◽

pp. 1468-1474 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Fukumoto ◽

Yosuke Yamada ◽

Tome Ikezoe ◽

Yuya Watanabe ◽

Masashi Taniguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Quadriceps Femoris ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Echo Intensity ◽

Longitudinal Changes ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Changes

Ultrasonic echo intensity (EI), an easy-to-use measure of intramuscular fat and fibrous tissues, is known to increase with aging. However, age-related changes in EI have not been examined in a longitudinal design. The objective of this study was to investigate 4-yr longitudinal changes in the EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults, based on difference in physical activity (PA). This study included 131 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 72.9 ± 5.2 yr. Subcutaneous fat thickness (FT), muscle thickness (MT), and EI of the quadriceps femoris were measured by ultrasound. Isometric knee extensor strength was also measured. PA was assessed using a questionnaire at baseline, and participants were classified into the high or low PA groups. In 4 yr, a significant decrease in FT, MT, and strength was observed in both groups ( P < 0.05), whereas a significant decrease in EI was observed only in the high PA group ( P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the difference in PA was a significant predictor of 4-yr changes in MT (β = 0.189, P = 0.031) and EI (β = −3.145, P = 0.045) but not in the body mass index, FT, or strength adjusted for potential confounders. The present findings suggest that greater PA has a positive effect on longitudinal changes in the MT and EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults. In addition, greater PA may contribute to a future decrease in EI, and an increase in EI may not occur in 4 yr, even in older adults with lesser PA. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results suggest that greater physical activity (PA) may mitigate future changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity (EI). A decrease in EI over 4 yr was observed in older adults with greater PA, and an increase in EI was not observed, even in older adults with smaller PA. Several cross-sectional studies demonstrated an increase in EI with aging. Additionally, the results of our longitudinal study suggest that an age-related increase in EI may be moderated after the old-age period.

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