Plasma albumin redox state affected by postoperative amino acid and exogenous albumin infusion, reflecting the alteration of albumin synthesis in surgically stressed rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S632
Author(s):  
M. Nakamura ◽  
A. Wada ◽  
K. Kobayashi ◽  
A. Kuroda ◽  
D. Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Albumin Infusion

Restricting sulfur amino acid intake in growing pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharides decreases plasma protein and albumin synthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Litvak ◽  
J. K. Htoo ◽  
C. F. M. de Lange
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acid ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Amino Acid Intake

Litvak, N., Htoo, J. K. and de Lange, C. F. M. 2013. Restricting sulfur amino acid intake in growing pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharides decreases plasma protein and albumin synthesis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 505–515. Chronic subclinical levels of disease occur frequently in swine production and compromise nutrient utilization efficiency. Methionine and cysteine (M+C) are involved in the pig's response to immune system stimulation (ISS), acting as substrates for the synthesis of compounds involved in the immune response, such as acute phase proteins (APP). This study was conducted to determine the impact of ISS with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and M+C intake (high vs. low; 4.0 vs. 2.2 g d−1) on the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of plasma albumin and fibrinogen, as well as protein in plasma and various tissues of starter pigs. Fifteen pigs (9.8±1.4 kg body weight) were allotted to one of three treatments: (1) Control (LPS− and high M+C), (2) LPS+ and high M+C, or (3) LPS+ and low M+C. Pigs were given intramuscular injections of increasing doses of LPS 1 and 3 d before determining FSR using an intravenous infusion of a flooding dose of L-[ring−1H5]-phenylalanine. Plasma levels of APP were not affected by the LPS challenge (P>0.10); only plasma albumin levels decreased with reduced M+C intake (P=0.02). Total plasma protein FSR was increased during the LPS challenge (50.3 vs. 56.9% d−1, SEM = 1.6; P=0.01). Albumin FSR was not affected by an LPS challenge (P>0.10), but decreased with reduced M+C intake during the LPS challenge (49.5 vs. 41.9% d−1, SEM = 1.6; P=0.005). Spleen protein FSR tended to increase during the LPS challenge (P=0.08). There were no treatment effects on protein FSR in liver, small intestine, loin or plasma fibrinogen (P>0.10). Restricting M+C intake during a LPS challenge decreases albumin synthesis and tends to reduce plasma protein synthesis, implicating M+C as important nutrients involved in the immune response.

scholarly journals Synthesis rate of plasma albumin is a good indicator of liver albumin synthesis in sepsis

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. E244-E251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Ruot ◽  
Denis Breuillé ◽  
Fabienne Rambourdin ◽  
Gerard Bayle ◽  
Pierre Capitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Fractional Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin Concentration

Plasma albumin is well known to decrease in response to inflammation. The rate of albumin synthesis from both liver and plasma was measured in vivo by use of a large dose ofl-[2H3-14C]valine in rats injected intravenously with live Escherichia coli and in pair-fed control rats during the acute-phase period (2 days postinfection). The plasma albumin concentration was reduced by 50% in infected rats compared with pair-fed animals. Infection induced a fall in both liver albumin mRNA levels and albumin synthesis relative to total liver protein synthesis. However, absolute liver albumin synthesis rate (ASR) was not affected by infection. In plasma, albumin fractional synthesis rate was increased by 50% in infected animals compared with pair-fed animals. The albumin ASR estimated in the plasma was similar in the two groups. These results suggest that hypoalbuminemia is not due to reduced albumin synthesis during sepsis. Moreover, liver and plasma albumin ASR were similar. Therefore, albumin synthesis measured in the plasma is a good indicator of liver albumin synthesis.

scholarly journals Plasma albumin synthesis during neonatal development of the rat

1967 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 760-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Wise ◽  
I. T. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Very High

1. Liver slices were incubated with (14)C-labelled amino acids. Albumin was isolated from the slices by precipitation with specific antibody and the incorporated radioactivity measured. 2. The rate of synthesis was seen to be equal in liver slices from adult and late-stage foetal rats. 3. Synthesis was very high in the pregnant rat (three times the normal adult value) and in the 5-15-day post-natal rat (twice the normal adult value). 4. The post-natal increase may be due to the disappearance of haemopoietic tissue and its replacement by active parenchymal cells.

Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty A. HUNTER ◽  
Peter J. GARLICK ◽  
Iain BROOM ◽  
Susan E. ANDERSON ◽  
Margaret A. McNURLAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Metabolic Mechanism

Cigarette smoking and hyperfibrinogenaemia are both significant risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Two studies are described here which aimed to establish the metabolic mechanism responsible for the raised plasma fibrinogen concentration observed in smokers. Chronic smokers had a significantly elevated absolute rate of fibrinogen synthesis (ASR) compared with non-smokers (22.7±1.3 mg/kg per day versus 16.0±1.3 mg/kg per day; means±S.E.M., P < 0.01), with plasma levels of fibrinogen significantly correlated with fibrinogen synthesis (r = 0.65, P = 0.04). Unlike fibrinogen, plasma albumin concentrations were lower in smokers than in non-smokers (45±0.4 versus 47±0.7 g/l, P < 0.05), but there was no difference in rates of albumin synthesis between the two groups. Two weeks cessation from smoking by previously chronic smokers was associated with a rapid and marked fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration (from 3.06±0.11 g/l to 2.49±0.14 g/l, P < 0.001), and a significant reduction in ASR (a 33% reduction, from 24.1±1.7 to 16.1±1.0 mg/kg per day, P < 0.001). These studies suggest a primary role for increased synthesis in producing the hyperfibrinogenaemia associated with smoking. Moreover, abstention from smoking for a period of only 2 weeks induces a significant decrease in the rate of fibrinogen synthesis by the liver, with a concomitant reduction in the plasma fibrinogen concentration.

scholarly journals Effects of plasma albumin infusion on minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

1988 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashio YOSHIMURA ◽  
Terukuni IDEURA ◽  
Yasuki HASHIMOTO ◽  
Shozo KOSHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Albumin Infusion

The reduced/oxidized state of plasma albumin is modulated by dietary protein intake partly via albumin synthesis rate in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Yoshiyasu Sato ◽  
Keisuke Miyazaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Takeda ◽  
Masashi Kuwahata
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin

ChemInform Abstract: AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE OF THE CB5(PHE) CYANOGEN BROMIDE FRAGMENT OF HUMAN PLASMA ALBUMIN

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
L. MORAVEK ◽  
V. KOSTKA ◽  
I. ROSENBERG ◽  
B. MELOUN ◽  
M. A. SABER
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide Fragment

scholarly journals A More Oxidized Plasma Albumin Redox State and Lower Plasma HDL Particle Number Reflect Low-Protein Diet Ingestion in Adult Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Hirohisa Izumi ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
Yasuhiro Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Protein Nutrition ◽  
Low Protein

ABSTRACT Background Plasma albumin (ALB) redox state reflects protein nutritional status, but how it differs from other protein nutrition biomarkers remains to be fully elucidated. Objective This study aimed to delineate the characteristics of plasma ALB redox state as a protein nutrition biomarker. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were maintained on an AIN-93 M [14% casein, control (CT)] diet or an AIN-93 M-based 5% casein [low protein (LP)] diet ad libitum for 4 wk. Plasma samples were repeatedly obtained from the same rats at weeks 0–4, ALB redox state was determined by HPLC, and the concentrations of conventional protein nutrition biomarkers, ALB and transthyretin (TTR), were compared between the groups by Student t test. Body mass, relative muscle masses, plasma proteome, and plasma lipids at week 4 were also compared. Results Plasma ALB redox state shifted to a more oxidized state in the LP diet group compared with the CT diet group at weeks 1–4. The LP diet group also showed significantly lower plasma ALB concentrations at weeks 1 and 2 (13% and 11% lower, respectively) and significantly lower TTR concentration at week 1 (21% lower) compared with the CT diet group, but these concentrations did not differ significantly at weeks 3 and 4. After 4 wk, body mass and relative soleus and gastrocnemius muscle masses did not differ, but the relative plantaris muscle mass tended to be 4% lower (1.75 compared with 1.68 g/kg body mass) in the LP diet group compared with the CT group (P = 0.06). The LP diet group also had a significantly lower HDL particle number than the CT group (30% lower). Conclusions A more oxidized plasma ALB redox state and lower plasma HDL particle number reflect LP diet ingestion in adult rats, which did not exhibit changes of plasma ALB and TTR concentrations.

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