Protective performance and dynamic behavior of UHMWPE/SSG composite body armor under ballistic impact

Flexible fabrics have been widely used in body armor designs. Here we report ballistic impact damage of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panels. The ballistic impact behaviors of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panel have been tested with fragment-simulating projectiles under the strike velocity 550–600 m/s to explore the influence of the layers combination of fabric target on ballistic impact. Two types of macroscopic anisotropy continua finite element models based on fabric targets structures are established to analyze the ballistic mechanism of stacked cross-plied composite fabric and cross-plied laminated panels. The impact damage morphologies and energy absorptions have also been compared between the tests and finite element analysis results. We have found the stacked fabric construction absorbed more energy than their counterpart cross-plied laminated panel, while the laminated panel shows better structural integrity and stability during ballistic penetration.

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Soft Body Armor: An Overview of Materials, Manufacturing, Testing, and Ballistic Impact Dynamics

10.21236/ada549097 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Paul V. Cavallaro

Keyword(s):

Ballistic Impact ◽

Body Armor ◽

Impact Dynamics ◽

Soft Body ◽

Manufacturing Testing ◽

Soft Body Armor

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Ballistic Impact Resistance of Bulletproof Vest Inserts Containing Printed Titanium Structures

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11020225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 225

Author(s):

Pawel Zochowski ◽

Marcin Bajkowski ◽

Roman Grygoruk ◽

Mariusz Magier ◽

Wojciech Burian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Impact Resistance ◽

Ballistic Impact ◽

Body Armor ◽

Projectile Energy ◽

Large Area ◽

Ballistic Resistance ◽

Additional Layer ◽

3D Printed ◽

Full Metal Jacket ◽

Bulletproof Vest

Finite element modeling of ballistic impact of inserts containing titanium structures were presented in the article. The inserts containing an additional layer made using additive manufacturing technology were analyzed. The layer was created from repetitive elements made without connections (adjacent cells were inseparable). Four variants of printed titanium structures were placed between layers of Twaron CT 750 aramid fabric to create ballistic inserts. In order to assess the ballistic resistance of the inserts, numerical simulations of ballistic impact phenomenon were carried out using LS-Dyna software. In the simulations the inserts were placed on a steel box filled with ballistic clay and were fired at with the 9 × 19 mm full metal jacket (FMJ) Parabellum projectile. The main aim of the work was to check the effectiveness of such solutions in soft ballistic protection applications and to select the most effective variant of 3D printed structure. Results of the numerical analysis showed a high potential for 3D printed structures made of titanium alloys to be used for bulletproof vest inserts. In all analyzed cases the projectile was stopped by the armor. In addition, thanks to the cooperation of adjacent cells, the projectile energy density was distributed over a large area, as evidenced by large volumes of hollows in the ballistic clay. The indentations in the ballistic clay obtained in the simulations were significantly lower than the acceptable value for the back face deformation (BFD) parameter required by international body armor standards.

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Conceptual Mold Design for Multi-curved Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite Body Armor Panel

Procedia CIRP ◽

10.1016/j.procir.2015.08.017 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 95-100

Author(s):

A.B.M. Azhar ◽

M.S. Risby ◽

Arif S.M. Sohaimi ◽

M.N. Hafizi ◽

S. Khalis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Fiber ◽

Body Armor ◽

Mold Design ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Composite Body ◽

Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽

Reinforced Composite

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An Analysis of the System Effects in Woven Fabrics under Ballistic Impact

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/004051759206200902 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 62 (9) ◽

pp. 495-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 230

Author(s):

Philip M. Cunniff

Keyword(s):

Absorption Capacity ◽

Woven Fabrics ◽

Ballistic Impact ◽

Body Armor ◽

Woven Fabric ◽

Energy Absorption Capacity ◽

Impact Mechanics ◽

Transverse Stresses ◽

Fabric Structures ◽

Transverse Deflection

Following a brief review of prior work on fabric-based armor systems, the system effects that occur during the ballistic impact of woven fabric body armor materials are discussed from a conceptual framework developed to relate single yarn impact mechanics to fabric impact mechanics. The consequence of assembling yarns into single-ply fabric structures is discussed from this perspective. A steep strain gradient along yarns in the region of the transverse deflection of the fabric is related to the constraint imposed on them by neighboring yarns. Striking and residual velocity data, collected for single-ply fabric systems of Spectra®, Kevlar® 29, and nylon with various different yarn deniers and weave types, are used to establish the response of spaced armor systems. The system effects of assembling fabric plies into body armor systems are determined by comparing the response of spaced armor systems to actual multiple-ply systems. There is a pronounced decrease in energy absorption capacity for the Spectra and nylon systems; this deleterious effect is ascribed to increased transverse stresses and possible interference of the deflection characteristics of fabric plies by subsequent plies.

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New Model for Interlaced Yarns in the Ballistic Impact of Flexible Body Armors

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.445.1023 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 445 ◽

pp. 1023-1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Kadir Yavuz ◽

S. Leigh Phoenix ◽

D.K. Balkan

Keyword(s):

Single Layer ◽

Ballistic Impact ◽

Body Armor ◽

Flexible Body ◽

New Model ◽

Stacking Order ◽

Layer Stacking ◽

Parametric Studies ◽

Mass Spring ◽

The Impact

In this work, numerical implementations of a new biaxial fabric of interlaced yarns model for ballistic impact into flexible body armor are presented. First the model is applied to a single-layer panel of polyethylene Dyneema® fibers in a matrix and impacted by various projectile geometries. We obtain the model results from a mass-spring, finite-difference model by modifying the code first developed at DSM. The results of the model are compared with experimental results and our previous biaxial model from firing 9 mm and FSP projectiles into Dyneema® panels. For both models, parametric studies are presented using 2-D and 3-D graphics. The new biaxial interlaced yarns model extends our previous biaxial and axisymmetric membrane model by addressing biaxial influences on material inflow to the impact cone. The new model is much more complete and produces velocity, strain and deformation histories for the full system up to perforation or projectile halting. It can also treat cases of mixing different fabric types, which can result in interference effects depending on the layer stacking order, and can treat multiple layers with air gaps in between, where we will show that such gaps can seriously degrade performance.

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