scholarly journals A meta-analysis of risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Trickey ◽  
Andy P. Siddaway ◽  
Richard Meiser-Stedman ◽  
Lucy Serpell ◽  
Andy P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Rates of post-traumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed children and adolescents: meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Alisic ◽  
Alyson K. Zalta ◽  
Floryt van Wesel ◽  
Sadie E. Larsen ◽  
Gertrud S. Hafstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interpersonal Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundIt is unclear how many children and adolescents develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma.AimsTo determine the incidence of PTSD in trauma-exposed children and adolescents as assessed with well-established diagnostic interviews and to examine potential moderators of the estimate.MethodA systematic literature search identified 72 peer-reviewed articles on 43 independent samples (n = 3563). Samples consisting only of participants seeking or receiving mental health treatment were excluded. Main analyses involved pooled incidence estimates and meta-analyses of variance.ResultsThe overall rate of PTSD was 15.9% (95% CI 11.5–21.5), which varied according to the type of trauma and gender. Least at risk were boys exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (8.4%, 95% CI 4.7–14.5), whereas girls exposed to interpersonal trauma showed the highest rate (32.9%, 95% CI 19.8–49.3). No significant difference was found for the choice of assessment interview or the informant of the assessment.ConclusionsResearch conducted with the best available assessment instruments shows that a significant minority of children and adolescents develop PTSD after trauma exposure, with those exposed to interpersonal trauma and girls at particular risk. The estimates provide a benchmark for DSM-5 and ICD-11.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder in children, adolescents and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598-1612
Author(s):  
Rayanne John-Baptiste Bastien ◽  
Hannah E. Jongsma ◽  
Melissa Kabadayi ◽  
Jo Billings
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractBackgroundChildren and adolescents display different symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than adults. Whilst evidence for the effectiveness of psychological interventions has been synthesised for adults, this is not directly applicable to younger people. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis synthesised studies investigating the effectiveness of psychological interventions for PTSD in children, adolescents and young adults. It provides an update to previous reviews investigating interventions in children and adolescents, whilst investigating young adults for the first time.MethodsWe searched published and grey literature to obtain randomised control trials assessing psychological interventions for PTSD in young people published between 2011 and 2019. Quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Data were analysed using univariate random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsFrom 15 373 records, 27 met criteria for inclusion, and 16 were eligible for meta-analysis. There was a medium pooled effect size for all psychological interventions (d = −0.44, 95% CI −0.68 to −0.20), as well as for Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) (d = −0.30, 95% CI −0.58 to −0.02); d = −0.46, 95% CI −0.81 to −0.12).ConclusionsSome, but not all, psychological interventions commonly used to treat PTSD in adults were effective in children, adolescents and young adults. Interventions specifically adapted for younger people were also effective. Our results support the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines which suggest children and adolescents be offered TF-CBT as a first-line treatment because of a larger evidence base, despite EMDR being more effective.

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