scholarly journals Silicified otoliths from the Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands, Belgium) document early gadiform and perciform fishes during the Late Cretaceous, prior to the K/Pg boundary extinction event

2021 ◽  
pp. 104921
Author(s):  
Werner W. Schwarzhans ◽  
John W.M. Jagt
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Extinction Event

scholarly journals The echinoid genus Echinogalerus in the Maastrichtian type area

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
R. Van der Ham ◽  
M. Van Birgelen
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Ordinal Position ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Lower Maastrichtian ◽  
Western Germany

AbstractThe Late Cretaceous echinoid genus Echinogalerus König, 1825 is remarkably diverse in the Maastrichtian type area (SE Netherlands and adjacent parts of NE Belgium and western Germany). So far, five species have been recognised, namely E. belgicus (Lambert, 1898), E. minutus (Smiser, 1935), E. muelleri (Schlüter, 1902), E. pusillus Lambert, 1911 and E. vetschauensis (Schlüter, 1902), which occur from the base of the Lower Maastrichtian (E. belgicus, E. pusillus, E. muelleri) up to the K/T boundary (E. minutus). Echinogalerus muelleri, which has the longest stratigraphical range, is the most diverse, while E. pusillus is the smallest echinoid in the area, reaching maximum lengths of 4.5 mm. Comparisons with other species of Echinogalerus described in the literature have now led to the recognition of three tentative infrageneric alliances. It is argued that the ordinal position of Echinogalerus (Holectypoida or Cassiduloida) cannot be evaluated as long as many species are still insufficiently known and two genera, from the Maastrichtian of northern Germany and Denmark, intermediate between the two orders, remain undescribed.

A note on Salenia gr. nutrix Peron and Gauthier, 1881 (Echinoidea) from the Maastrichtian type area (southeastern Netherlands, northeastern Belgium)

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. M. Jagt ◽  
Raymond W. J. M. Van Der Ham ◽  
Roland Meuris ◽  
Ludo Indeherberge
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Type Area ◽  
The Mediterranean

A single specimen of a saleniid echinoid recently collected from the Late Maastrichtian of the type area of the Maastrichtian Stage is notable in being closely related to Salenia nutrix Peron and Gauthier, 1881. Representatives of the “nutrix group” have previously been recorded from the Late Cretaceous of the Mediterranean and north Africa. The occurrence in the type Maastrichtian of a representative of this group thus furnishes additional evidence of Tethyan incursions in the area during the Late Maastrichtian.

scholarly journals The youngest South American rhynchocephalian, a survivor of the K/Pg extinction

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1792) ◽  
pp. 20140811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Apesteguía ◽  
Raúl O. Gómez ◽  
Guillermo W. Rougier
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
South American ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Northern Patagonia ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
New Form

Rhynchocephalian lepidosaurs, though once widespread worldwide, are represented today only by the tuatara ( Sphenodon ) of New Zealand. After their apparent early Cretaceous extinction in Laurasia, they survived in southern continents. In South America, they are represented by different lineages of Late Cretaceous eupropalinal forms until their disappearance by the Cretaceous/Palaeogene (K/Pg) boundary. We describe here the only unambiguous Palaeogene rhynchocephalian from South America; this new taxon is a younger species of the otherwise Late Cretaceous genus Kawasphenodon . Phylogenetic analysis confirms the allocation of the genus to the clade Opisthodontia. The new form from the Palaeogene of Central Patagonia is much smaller than Kawasphenodon expectatus from the Late Cretaceous of Northern Patagonia. The new species shows that at least one group of rhynchocephalians not related to the extant Sphenodon survived in South America beyond the K/Pg extinction event. Furthermore, it adds to other trans-K/Pg ectotherm tetrapod taxa, suggesting that the end-Cretaceous extinction affected Patagonia more benignly than the Laurasian landmasses.

Taxodiaceous conifers from the Maastrichtian type area (Late Cretaceous, NE Belgium, SE Netherlands)

2001 ◽  
Vol 116 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W.J.M. van der Ham ◽  
J.H.A. van Konijnenburg-van Cittert ◽  
J. van der Burgh
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Type Area

scholarly journals ON THE POSITION OF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE MOSCOVIAN AND KASIMOVIAN GLOBAL STAGES OF THE CARBONIFEROUS IN THE DONETS BASIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Tamara I. Nemyrovska
Keyword(s):  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Index Species ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Moscow Basin ◽  
Definition Of

Detailed new data on paleontology and stratigraphy were obtained in the process of fulfilling the tasks of the International Carboniferous Subcommission on definition of the scopes of the Moscovian and Kasimovian global stages and the precise position of the boundary between them. The analysis of these data has shown that the position of this boundary in the type  area and in the other regions needs the revision. Recently the investigation of the conodonts from the Moscovian–Kasimovian boundary deposits in the Donets Basin revealed that the boundary between the Moscovian and Kasimovian stages in the official Ukrainian Carboniferous Stratigraphic Scheme does not correspond to this boundary in the type area of these stages in the  Moscow Basin. To correct this situation the lower boundary of the Kasimovian in the Ukrainian Scheme must be downgraded by two conodont zones — Swadelina subexcelsa and Sw. makhlinae. To update this boundary in the type area to fulfill the task of the Carboniferous Subcommission four conodont species were proposed as potential index-species for the definition of the boundary between the Moscovian and Kasimovian global stages. These conodont species are as follows Sw. subexcelsa,  Idiognathodus sagittalis, I. turbatus and I. heckeli. One of these species, which is selected, will be used as a marker of the  studied boundary. None of these species is officially selected as a marker. If Sw. subexcelsa will be selected, the position of  the Moscovian–Kasimovian boundary will remain at the present position. In this case this boundary in the Donets Basin has to be downgraded by two conodont zones. If one of three Idiognathodus will be selected, this boundary in the type area will be   upgraded by one and a half regional substage. In the Donets Basin it will be upgraded by less than a cycle. Keywords: Carboniferous, stratigraphy, conodonts, extinction event, index-­species. 

scholarly journals On the taphonomy of the late Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) marine turtle Allopleuron hofmanni

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Janssen ◽  
R.R. van Baal ◽  
A.S. Schulp
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Marine Turtle ◽  
Pectoral Girdle ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Type Area

AbstractAn exhaustive screening of public collections containing remains of the latest Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) marine turtle Allopleuron hofmanni (Gray, 1831) from the type area of the Maastrichtian Stage (southeast Netherlands, northeast Belgium) shows the available material to represent almost exclusively adult individuals. The various skeletal elements are not preserved in proportionally equal abundance, with portions of carapace, pectoral girdle, cranium and mandible overrepresented. These observations can be explained by population characteristics and taphonomic factors. During the late Maastrichtian, while hatchlings and juveniles in all likelihood lived and fed elsewhere, extensive seagrass meadows might have supported a population of only adult marine turtles.

Aphid–Buchnera–Ant symbiosis; or why are aphids rare in the tropics and very rare further south?

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 297-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Perkovsky ◽  
Piotr Wegierek
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Ant Predation ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Steep Decline ◽  
Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution ◽  
The Tropics

ABSTRACTAt least since the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution, the geographical distribution of aphids, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, has been strongly affected by the low thermal tolerance of their obligatory bacterial symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola, which was why the aphids switched to obligate parthenogenesis in low latitudes. Hormaphidids and greenideids penetrated into the tropics only after the Oligocene strengthening of climate seasonality, and specialisations of the tropical representatives of these families did not allow them to spread further south (in the case of cerataphidines), or only allowed in few cases (in the case of greenideids).Aphids suffered from the Mesozoic–Cenozoic boundary extinction event much more strongly than other insects. The extinction was roughly coincidental with the establishment of the tight symbiosis of aphids with formicine and dolichoderine ants, which was accompanied by the flourishing of all three groups.In the Cretaceous, all of the representatives of extant and subfamilies occupied positions that were subordinate to Armaniinae and Sphecomyrminae. Prior to large ant colonies evolving their efficient ant–aphid mutualism, the aphids remained unprotected before the growing ant predation. The origin of the aphid trophobiosis with large colonies of Formicinae and Dolichoderinae has resulted in the steep decline of aphids left beyond that ant–aphid symbiotic network. By at least the basal Eocene (unlike the Late Cretaceous), ant proportions in the entomofauna increased sharply, and evident dominants emerged. Even now, aphid milkers from small colonies (hundreds of specimens) never protect their symbionts, and homopteran-tending ants are more likely to be dominant, with large colonies of 104–105 workers.The mutualistic ant–aphid system failed to cross the tropical belt during the Cenozoic because of Buchnera's low heat tolerance. As a result, the native southern temperate aphid fauna consists now of seven genera only, five of which are Late Cretaceous relicts. Some of them had relatives in Late Cretaceous amber of the Northern Hemisphere.

A new family, genus, and species of crab (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the upper Cretaceous (Campanian) of Manitoba, Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1741-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney M Feldmann ◽  
Rong-Yu Li ◽  
Carrie E Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
Extinction Event

Discovery of a single specimen of brachyuran decapod from the Campanian Millwood Member in southern Manitoba, Canada, permits description of a new genus and species, Cretacocarcinus smithi. Comparison of sternal architecture and general carapace morphology with potentially related taxa documents that the new genus, along with Camarocarcinus Holland and Cvancara, form a new family, Camarocarcinidae, tentatively assigned to the Raninoidea. The Camarocarcinidae are interpreted to have originated in the upper Midcontinental Seaway in the Late Cretaceous, survived the K–T extinction event(s), and dispersed into southern North Dakota, USA; Greenland; and Denmark in the Paleocene.

scholarly journals Bird remains from the Maastrichtian type area (Late Cretaceous)

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Dyke ◽  
A.S. Schulp ◽  
J.W.M. Jagt
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Cretaceous Period

AbstractRemains of Late Cretaceous birds are rare, which is especially true for Europe and the type area of the Maastrichtian Stage (southeast Netherlands, northeast Belgium) in particular. In the present paper, we record new remains (isolated tarsometatarsus and radius) that document the presence of both enantiornithine and ornithurine birds in the Maastrichtian area. These fossils, although fragmentary, are important in view of their stratigraphic age: all bird remains discovered to date in the Maastricht area are amongst the youngest ’non-modern’ avians known, originating from strata deposited less than 500,000 years prior to the end of the Cretaceous Period.

scholarly journals Offshore marine actinopterygian assemblages from the Maastrichtian–Paleogene of the Pindos Unit in Eurytania, Greece

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10676
Author(s):  
Thodoris Argyriou ◽  
Donald Davesne
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
The Impact

The fossil record of marine ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) from the time interval surrounding the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction is scarce at a global scale, hampering our understanding of the impact, patterns and processes of extinction and recovery in the marine realm, and its role in the evolution of modern marine ichthyofaunas. Recent fieldwork in the K–Pg interval of the Pindos Unit in Eurytania, continental Greece, shed new light on forgotten fossil assemblages and allowed for the collection of a diverse, but fragmentary sample of actinopterygians from both late Maastrichtian and Paleocene rocks. Late Maastrichtian assemblages are dominated by Aulopiformes (†Ichthyotringidae, †Enchodontidae), while †Dercetidae (also Aulopiformes), elopomorphs and additional, unidentified teleosts form minor components. Paleocene fossils include a clupeid, a stomiiform and some unidentified teleost remains. This study expands the poor record of body fossils from this critical time interval, especially for smaller sized taxa, while providing a rare, paleogeographically constrained, qualitative glimpse of open-water Tethyan ecosystems from both before and after the extinction event. Faunal similarities between the Maastrichtian of Eurytania and older Late Cretaceous faunas reveal a higher taxonomic continuum in offshore actinopterygian faunas and ecosystems spanning the entire Late Cretaceous of the Tethys. At the same time, the scarcity of Paleocene findings offers tentative clues for a depauperate state of Tethyan ichthyofaunas in the aftermath of the K–Pg Extinction.

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