scholarly journals Three-dimensional printing with polylactic acid (PLA) thermoplastic offers new opportunities for cryobiology

Cryobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence R. Tiersch ◽  
William T. Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Investigations of polylactic acid reinforced composite feedstock filaments for multimaterial three-dimensional printing applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (17) ◽  
pp. 5953-5965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Integral Energy ◽  
Dimensional Printing

This paper reports properties of four different filaments prepared from (i) virgin polylactic acid, (ii) polylactic acid reinforced with polyvinyl chloride, (iii) polylactic acid reinforced with wood powder, and (iv) polylactic acid with reinforcement of Fe3O4 prepared with twin-screw extrusion for possible multimaterial three-dimensional printing. The results suggest that the melt flow rate of composite increases with the increase in reinforcements except for wood powder, which has shown a negative trend. Mechanical properties were also reduced with the loading but with the increase in the Fe3O4 content, these properties were improved. It has been observed that with reinforcement of polyvinyl chloride from 10 wt% to 25 wt% peak elongation and break elongation were reduced by 47.61% and 50%, respectively. Further, thermal analysis suggests that all samples were stable but for reinforced samples, the integral energy has decreased significantly in successive cycles. The vibration sample magnetometery of samples suggested that magnetic properties were dependent on the content of Fe3O4 present in the composite.

Multimaterial printing and characterization for mechanical and surface properties of functionally graded prototype

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 6741-6753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
TP Singh ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Dimensional Printing

In this work, an effort has been made for multimaterial three-dimensional printing of functionally graded prototypes of polylactic acid matrix (tensile specimens as per ASTM D638 type IV) followed by characterization of mechanical and surface properties. The work is an extension of previous reported studies on twin-screw extrusion process for the preparation of multimaterial wires as feedstock filaments in possible three-dimensional printing applications. The results of the study suggest that the highest peak strength (46.28 MPa) and break strength (41.65 MPa) was obtained for multimaterial three-dimensional printed samples at infill density 100%, infill angle 45°, and infill speed of 90 mm/s on commercial open source fused deposition modeling setup. Further surface hardness measurements performed on two extreme surfaces (top surface comprising magnetite (Fe3O4)-reinforced polylactic acid and bottom with polylactic acid without any reinforcement) revealed that the hardness for the bottom layer was more than the hardness for the top layer. From fractured surface analysis (using photomicrographs), it has been observed that the three-dimensional printed samples with low infill density resulted into more void formation due to which the performance while mechanical testing was poor in comparison to samples printed with higher infill density. The results are also supported by rendered images of photomicrographs, which revealed that high roughness value of samples printed with low infill density was also one of the reasons for poor mechanical performance of multimaterial three-dimensional printed functionally graded prototypes.

Novel biorenewable composite of wood polysaccharide and polylactic acid for three dimensional printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyang Xu ◽  
Andrey Pranovich ◽  
Peter Uppstu ◽  
Xiaoju Wang ◽  
Dennis Kronlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Friction and wear characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA) for 3D printing under reciprocating sliding condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-539
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Zhichao Hu ◽  
Huanxiong Xie ◽  
Gwang-Hee Lee ◽  
Chul-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Friction And Wear Properties ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Friction And Wear Characteristics

Purpose This paper aims to study the different infill, printing direction against sliding direction and various load condition for the friction and wear characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA) under reciprocating sliding condition. Design/methodology/approach The tests were performed by applying the load of 1, 5, 15 and 10 N with sliding oscillation frequency of 10 Hz for the duration of 10 min at room temperature. Findings The results show that the friction and wear properties of PLA specimen change with a different infill density of printed parts. The oscillation frequency is 10 Hz and the infill density of plate is 50 per cent that shows the best friction and wear properties. Originality/value The potential of this research work is to investigate the tribological characteristics of three-dimensional printing parts with different infill percentage to provide a reference for any parts in contact with each other to improve friction and wear performance. There will be many opportunities exist for further research and the advancement of three-dimensional printing in the field of tribology.

Highly Loaded Graphite–Polylactic Acid Composite-Based Filaments for Lithium-Ion Battery Three-Dimensional Printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (21) ◽  
pp. 7484-7493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Maurel ◽  
Matthieu Courty ◽  
Benoit Fleutot ◽  
Hugues Tortajada ◽  
Kalappa Prashantha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Highly Loaded

Mechanical properties of dense polylactic acid structures fabricated by three dimensional printing

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell A. GIORDANO ◽  
Benjamin M. Wu ◽  
Scott W. Borland ◽  
Linda G. Cima ◽  
Emanuel M. Sachs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing

scholarly journals Filament material evaluation for breast phantom fabrication using three-dimensional printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-379
Author(s):  
Jin-Soo Lee ◽  
Yong-In Jo ◽  
Yeong-Rok Kang ◽  
Yong-Uk Kye ◽  
Park Il ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mixed Form ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Breast Phantom ◽  
Dimensional Printing

In this study, a method of directly evaluating the dose received by the highly radiation-sensitive mammary gland during mammography was investigated, and a corresponding breast phantom was produced that expresses a mammary gland, as an alternative to the existing mixed-form phantom. After designing this breast phantom by performing Monte Carlo simulations, the glandular dose was evaluated and compared with that of a mixed-form phantom. Then, dose evaluation was conducted for current commercial filament materials that could be used to fabricate the phantom by 3-D printing. The results showed that the dose received by the mammary gland was in the range of 1.089-1.237 mGy, and the average difference from that determined using the mixed-form phantom was approximately 1.2 %. Among the filament materials, polylactic acid showed the dose that was the most similar to that of the mammary gland tissue, differing by approximately 2.4 %. Overall, the research results suggest that it is meaningful to evaluate the glandular dose using the developed phantom instead of a mixed-form phantom. Besides, polylactic acid is the most appropriate material for fabricating the mammary gland tissue using a 3-D printer.

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