Disability Training for Health Workers: A Global Evidence Synthesis

2022 ◽  
pp. 101260
Author(s):  
Sara Rotenberg ◽  
Danae Rodríguez Gatta ◽  
Azizia Wahedi ◽  
Rachelle Loo ◽  
Emily McFadden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Global Evidence

Factors that influence the provision of postnatal care by health workers: a qualitative evidence synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Munabi-Babigumira ◽  
Simon Lewin ◽  
Claire Glenton ◽  
Marcela Velez ◽  
Daniela C Gonçalves-Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Qualitative Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Qualitative Evidence

scholarly journals Community health workers for pandemic response: a rapid evidence synthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Bhaumik ◽  
S Moola ◽  
J Tyagi ◽  
D Nambiar ◽  
M Kakoti
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
List Type ◽  
New Findings

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus disease (COVID-19), a respiratory illness, first discovered in China in December 2019 has now spread to 213 countries or territories affecting millions across the globe. We received a request from National Health Systems Resource Centre, a public agency in India, for a Rapid Evidence Synthesis (RES) on community health workers (CHWs) for COVID-19 prevention and control.MethodsWe searched PubMed, websites of ministries, public agencies, multilateral institutions, COVID-19 resource aggregators and pre-prints (without language restrictions) for articles on the role, challenges and enablers for CHWs in pandemics. Two reviewers screened the records independently with a third reviewer resolving disagreements. One reviewer extracted data in a consensus data extraction form with another reviewer cross-checking it. A framework on CHW performance in primary healthcare not specific to pandemic was used to guide data extraction and narrative analysis.ResultsWe retrieved 211 records and finally included 36 articles on the role, challenges and enablers for CHWs in pandemics. We found that CHWs play an important role in building awareness, countering stigma and maintaining essential primary healthcare service delivery. It is essential that CHWs are provided adequate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and appropriately trained in its usage in the early stages of the pandemic. Wide range of policies and guidance is required to ensure health systems functioning. A clear guidance for prioritizing essential activities, postponing non-essential ones and additional pandemic related activities is crucial. CHWs experience stigmatization, isolation and social exclusion. Psychosocial support, non-performance-based incentives, additional transport allowance, accommodation, child-support, awards and recognition programs have been used in previous pandemics.We also created inventories of resources with guiding notes for quick utility by decision makers on guidelines for health workers (n=24), self-isolation in the community (n=10) and information, education and counselling materials on COVID-19 (n=16).ConclusionsCHWs play a critical role in pandemics like COVID-19. It is important to ensure role clarity, training, supportive supervision, as well as their work satisfaction, health and well-being. There is a need for more implementation research on CHWs in pandemics like COVID-19.Summary BoxWhat is already known?COVID-19 is a pandemic which has now strained health systems across the world. Community health workers (CHWs) are being deployed in many countries for COVID-19 prevention and control. However, there is no evidence synthesis on the issue.What are the new findings?CHWs can play an important role in creating awareness, countering stigma, and maintaining essential primary healthcare delivery.Adequate provisions for personal protective equipment are essential for CHWsGovernments should provide a clear guidance to CHWs for prioritizing essential activities, postponing non-essential ones and for additional pandemic related activities, while also ensuring their health and safetyCHWs experienced stigmatization, isolation and were socially ostracized in previous pandemics. Psychosocial support, non-performance-based incentives, additional transport allowance, accommodation, child-support, awards and recognition programs have been used as enablers.What do the new findings imply?Roles of CHWs in a pandemic context must be clear. Apart from clear guidance adequate training and support should be provided. requiring adequate training and guidance is useful. Contact listing and identification should be done by separate trained cadre.Countries without pre-existing CHWs program must consider applicability of available evidence before investing in ambitious new CHW programs.There is a need for more implementation research on CHWs in pandemics like COVID-19.

scholarly journals Community health workers for pandemic response: a rapid evidence synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. e002769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumyadeep Bhaumik ◽  
Sandeep Moola ◽  
Jyoti Tyagi ◽  
Devaki Nambiar ◽  
Misimi Kakoti
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Housing Allowance ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
Pandemic Response

IntroductionCoronavirus disease (COVID-19), affects 213 countries or territories globally. We received a request from National Health Systems Resource Centre, a public agency in India, to conduct rapid evidence synthesis (RES) on community health workers (CHWs) for COVID-19 prevention and control in 3 days.MethodsWe searched PubMed, websites of ministries (n=3), public agencies (n=6), multilateral institutions (n=3), COVID-19 resource aggregators (n=5) and preprints (n=1) (without language restrictions) for articles on CHWs in pandemics. Two reviewers screened the records independently with a third reviewer resolving disagreements. One reviewer extracted data with another reviewer cross-checking it. A framework on CHW performance in primary healthcare not specific to pandemic was used to guide data extraction and narrative analysis.ResultsWe retrieved 211 records and finally included 36 articles. Most of the evidence was from low-and middle-income countries with well-established CHW programmes. Evidence from CHW programmes initiated during pandemics and for CHW involvement in pandemic response in high-income countries was scant. CHW roles and tasks change substantially during pandemics. Clear guidance, training for changed roles and definition of what constitutes essential activities (ie, those that must to be sustained) is required. Most common additional activities during pandemics were community awareness, engagement and sensitisation (including for countering stigma) and contact tracing. CHWs were reported to be involved in all aspects of contact tracing - this was reported to affect routine service delivery. CHWs have often been stigmatised or been socially ostracised during pandemics. Providing PPE, housing allowance, equal training opportunities, transportation allowance, improving salaries (paid on time and for a broad range of services) and awards in high-profile public events contributed to better recruitment and retention. We also created inventories of resources with guiding notes on guidelines for health workers (n=24), self-isolation in the community (n=10) and information, education and counselling materials on COVID-19 (n=16).ConclusionsCHWs play a critical role in pandemics. It is important to ensure role clarity, training, supportive supervision, as well as their work satisfaction, health and well-being. More implementation research on CHWs in pandemics is required.

scholarly journals Dynamic meta-analysis: a method of using global evidence for local decision making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorm E. Shackelford ◽  
Philip A. Martin ◽  
Amelia S. C. Hood ◽  
Alec P. Christie ◽  
Elena Kulinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Local Evidence ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Local Decision Making ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Global Evidence

AbstractMeta-analysis is often used to make generalizations across all available evidence at the global scale. But how can these global generalizations be used for evidence-based decision making at the local scale, if only the local evidence is perceived to be relevant to a local decision? We show how an interactive method of meta-analysis — dynamic meta-analysis — can be used to assess the local relevance of global evidence. We developed Metadataset (www.metadataset.com) as an example of dynamic meta-analysis. Using Metadataset, we show how evidence can be filtered and weighted, and results can be recalculated, using dynamic methods of subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and recalibration. With an example from agroecology, we show how dynamic meta-analysis could lead to different conclusions for different subsets of the global evidence. Dynamic meta-analysis could also lead to a rebalancing of power and responsibility in evidence synthesis, since evidence users would be able to make decisions that are typically made by systematic reviewers — decisions about which studies to include (e.g., critical appraisal) and how to handle missing or poorly reported data (e.g., sensitivity analysis). We suggest that dynamic meta-analysis could be scaled up and used for subject-wide evidence synthesis in several scientific disciplines (e.g., agroecology and conservation biology). However, the metadata that are used to filter and weight the evidence would need to be standardized within disciplines.

scholarly journals Dynamic meta-analysis: a method of using global evidence for local decision making

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorm E. Shackelford ◽  
Philip A. Martin ◽  
Amelia S. C. Hood ◽  
Alec P. Christie ◽  
Elena Kulinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making ◽  
Global Evidence

Abstract Background Meta-analysis is often used to make generalisations across all available evidence at the global scale. But how can these global generalisations be used for evidence-based decision making at the local scale, if the global evidence is not perceived to be relevant to local decisions? We show how an interactive method of meta-analysis—dynamic meta-analysis—can be used to assess the local relevance of global evidence. Results We developed Metadataset (www.metadataset.com) as a proof-of-concept for dynamic meta-analysis. Using Metadataset, we show how evidence can be filtered and weighted, and results can be recalculated, using dynamic methods of subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and recalibration. With an example from agroecology, we show how dynamic meta-analysis could lead to different conclusions for different subsets of the global evidence. Dynamic meta-analysis could also lead to a rebalancing of power and responsibility in evidence synthesis, since evidence users would be able to make decisions that are typically made by systematic reviewers—decisions about which studies to include (e.g. critical appraisal) and how to handle missing or poorly reported data (e.g. sensitivity analysis). Conclusions In this study, we show how dynamic meta-analysis can meet an important challenge in evidence-based decision making—the challenge of using global evidence for local decisions. We suggest that dynamic meta-analysis can be used for subject-wide evidence synthesis in several scientific disciplines, including agroecology and conservation biology. Future studies should develop standardised classification systems for the metadata that are used to filter and weight the evidence. Future studies should also develop standardised software packages, so that researchers can efficiently publish dynamic versions of their meta-analyses and keep them up-to-date as living systematic reviews. Metadataset is a proof-of-concept for this type of software, and it is open source. Future studies should improve the user experience, scale the software architecture, agree on standards for data and metadata storage and processing, and develop protocols for responsible evidence use.

Discovery of 20 Novel Bio-Flocculants Producers and 19 New Bacterial Strains from Three Surface Water In Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatunji Matthew Kolawole
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
General Estimate ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Global Evidence

Plummeting the burden that is increasingly posed by water related diseases is amongst the major public health goals for a developing country. The required growth and development experienced in developing countries will always weigh on this important component of earth from either industrial waste, sewage or domestic waste. A general estimate from WHO global evidence synthesis on water related complications and diseases posits that about 94% could be preventable through environmental modification and application of simple techniques to treat water1,2. Amongst other explored purification protocols, flocculation and chlorination as a chemical process has been linked to few health conditions after long time of exposure3. This has been largely adduced to the synthetic source and thus the need to explore flocculants of biological origin that can effectively purify water and presents little or no health risk. Surface water, which is often categorized asharborof large numbers of microorganisms amongst other characteristics was, explored for the presence of bacteria flocculants producers from three surface water in Ilorin, Kwara State in Nigeria.

Health Workers' Flu Protection Addressed

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
HEIDI SPLETE
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers
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