Abstract
Background
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn Disease (CD). In the last decade, there have been introduced therapeutic changes that have revolutionised the pharmacologic and surgical management of patients with IBD. The incidence of UC and CD has been increasing in Latin America but the exact prevalence is unknown. Our objective is to describe the demographic characteristics, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the IBD in patients that have presented in the University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá (UH-FSFB), Colombia.
Methods
Retrospective Descriptive Cohort Study. Clinical histories, pathology reports, and endoscopic results from data base HI-ISIS of the UH-FSFB and medical data between January 1996 and February 2019 were recollected, stored in Excel and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Visor. Patients with diagnosis of IBD were included. Patients with incomplete clinical histories were excluded.
Results
From 398 patients included in this study, 72.1% had UC, 25.6% CD and 2.3% Indeterminate Colitis. The average age of diagnosis was 43.54 years (range: 12–91). In both patients with UC and CD there were smaller proportions of men than women (0.9:1 for UC and 0.7:1 for CD).
Of the patients with UC, 46.3% had been hospitalised. 37.2% presented with proctitis, 23.8% left colitis and 39% with pancolitis. 13.5% had an asymptomatic clinical disease, 22.4% mild, 15.3% moderate, and 48.8% severe. 12.9% received biological therapy (BT). 24.3% of patients received a second line BT. Fifteen per cent required surgical interventions (SI), of which there were no mortalities. 27% who were receiving BT required SI.
Of the patients with CD, 82.4% required hospitalisation. 43.1% had an ileal, 9.8% colonic, 39.2% ileal- colonic, 0% isolated upper digestive and 21.6% perianal compromise. 34.3% had non-stenosing behaviour, 49% stenosing and 16.7% penetrating. 44.1% of patients with CD received BT of which 40% required a second line BT. 55.9% required SI, of which 1 mortality was reported. 71.1% who were receiving BT required a SI.
Conclusion
Our study contributes to the epidemiology and integral management required by patients with IBD in our environment. More studies are recommended that replicate our methodology in the population with IBD in both Colombia and Latin America.
Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Surveillance
