scholarly journals Shining light on single-strand lesions caused by the chemotherapy drug bleomycin

DNA Repair ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 103153
Author(s):  
Vandana Singh ◽  
Pegah Johansson ◽  
Yii-Lih Lin ◽  
Ola Hammarsten ◽  
Fredrik Westerlund
Keyword(s):  
Single Strand ◽  
Chemotherapy Drug

Structures of Artificially Designed RNA Nanoarchitectures at Near-Atomic Resolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Yaming Shao ◽  
Joseph A. Piccirilli ◽  
Yossi Weizmann
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Atomic Resolution ◽  
Rna Motifs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Rna Motif

<p>Though advances in nanotechnology have enabled the construction of synthetic nucleic acid based nanoarchitectures with ever-increasing complexity for various applications, high-resolution structures are lacking due to the difficulty of obtaining good diffracting crystals. Here we report the design of RNA nanostructures based on homooligomerizable tiles from an RNA single-strand for X-ray determination. Three structures are solved to near-atomic resolution: a 2D parallelogram, an unexpectedly formed 3D nanobracelet, and a 3D nanocage. Structural details of their constituent motifs—such as kissing loops, branched kissing-loops and T-junctions—that resemble natural RNA motifs and resisted X-ray determination are revealed. This work unveils the largely unexplored potential of crystallography in gaining high-resolution feedback for nanostructure design and suggests a novel route to investigate RNA motif structures by configuring them into nanoarchitectures.</p>

Genotoxicity and Cell Proliferative Activity of 3-Chloro-4-(Dichloromethyl)-5-Hydroxy-2(5H)-Furanone [MX] in Rat Glandular Stomach

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Furihata ◽  
M. Yamashita ◽  
N. Kinae ◽  
T. Matsushima
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Glandular Stomach ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Pyloric Mucosa

MX is a strong direct acting mutagen on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and is present in chlorinated tap water which contains organic compounds. MX was administered orally to 7-week-old male F344 rats, and its geno-toxicity in the pyloric mucosa of stomach was examined by analysis of DNA single strand scissions by the alkaline elution method. The effect of MX on cell proliferation was examined by assays of the inductions of replicative DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase. MX at closes of 20-48 mg/kg body weight induced DNA single strand scissions dose-dependently (p&lt;0.02) in the pyloric mucosa of the stomach 2 h after its administration. Moreover at doses of 10-60 mg/kg body weight, it induced up to 21-fold increase in replicative DNA synthesis (p&lt;0.01) 16 h after its administration. At doses of 10-60 mg/kg body weight, it induced up to 100-fold increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity with a maximum 16 h after its administration. These results suggest that MX is genotoxic and induces cell proliferation in the glandular stomach of rats.

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