scholarly journals Effects of electronic cigarette liquid solvents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin on user nicotine delivery, heart rate, subjective effects, and puff topography

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tory R. Spindle ◽  
Soha Talih ◽  
Marzena M. Hiler ◽  
Nareg Karaoghlanian ◽  
Matthew S. Halquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Nicotine Delivery

scholarly journals Comparison of Measurement Methods for Electronic Cigarette Puff Topography

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-330
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Felicione ◽  
Nareg Karaoghlanian ◽  
Alan Shihadeh ◽  
Thomas Eissenberg ◽  
Melissa D. Blank
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Toxicant Exposure ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Ad Libitum

Objectives: Measurement of electronic cigarette (ECIG) puff topography provides an under- standing of how product characteristics and user behavior affect nicotine delivery. However, mouthpiece-based topography devices may affect natural puffing behavior. This study was designed to compare ECIG topography measured by mouthpiece-based eTop computerized de- vice and mouthpiece-free video recordings. Methods: ECIG-naïve cigarette smokers (N = 18) and ECIG-experienced users (N = 25) puffed on a standardized ECIG via eTop or conventionally; both sessions were videotaped. Following overnight abstinence, participants experienced one directed (10 puffs, 30 sec IPI) and 2 ad libitum puffing bouts. Heart rate and subjective response were measured throughout sessions. Results: No statistically significant differences between methods were observed for topography, heart rate, or abstinence-related subjective effects, and both methods were accurate and reliable. Use of a mouthpiece was perceived to alter aspects of ECIG puffing (eg, "reduce enjoyment). Conclusions: The mouthpiece-based eTop measures ECIG topography precisely as when no mouthpiece is used, and interferes minimally with subjective ECIG experience. Reliable and valid ECIG topography measurement methods are an important regulatory tool, as they can be used to understand the interplay between product design and user behavior to predict toxicant exposure.

Effects of Electronic Cigarette Liquid Flavors and Modified Risk Messages on Perceptions and Subjective Effects of E-Cigarettes

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose S. Bono ◽  
Andrew J. Barnes ◽  
Rebecca C. Lester ◽  
Caroline O. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Carcinogen Exposure

Understanding how two characteristics—flavors and modified risk messages—affect perceptions and subjective effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) can inform tobacco control efforts. In two within-subjects studies ( N = 17 and N = 19), the effects of e-cigarette flavors (tobacco vs. menthol and unflavored vs. cherry) and hypothetical modified risk messages (“reduced harm relative to cigarettes” vs. no message and “reduced carcinogen exposure relative to cigarettes” vs. no message) on cigarette smokers’ perceptions of e-cigarettes were measured after participants self-administered condition-specific products (own-brand cigarettes; e-cigarettes). Perceptions/subjective effects were tested using linear mixed-effects regressions. Cigarettes were perceived as most harmful but rated more positively than e-cigarettes ( ps < .05). Cherry and menthol e-cigarettes increased perceived pleasantness, taste, and physical sensations compared with unflavored and tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes, respectively ( ps < .05). Modified risk messages were associated with reduced ratings of aversive effects ( ps < .05) but not harm perceptions. Overall, few perceptions/subjective effects differed by e-cigarette flavor or message. Flavors and messages may have some influence on how smokers experience e-cigarettes.

scholarly journals Free Radical, Carbonyl, and Nicotine Levels Produced by Juul Electronic Cigarettes

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1274-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha M Reilly ◽  
Zachary T Bitzer ◽  
Reema Goel ◽  
Neil Trushin ◽  
John P Richie
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Oxidant Production

Abstract Introduction Free radicals and carbonyls produced by electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) have the potential to inflict oxidative stress. Recently, Juul e-cigs have risen drastically in popularity; however, there is no data on nicotine and oxidant yields from this new e-cig design. Methods Aerosol generated from four different Juul flavors was analyzed for carbonyls, nicotine, and free radicals. The e-liquids were analyzed for propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY) concentrations. To determine the effects of e-liquid on oxidant production, Juul pods were refilled with nicotine-free 30:70 or 60:40 PG:GLY with or without citral. Results No significant differences were found in nicotine (164 ± 41 µg/puff), free radical (5.85 ± 1.20 pmol/puff), formaldehyde (0.20 ± 0.10 µg/puff), and acetone (0.20 ± 0.05 µg/puff) levels between flavors. The PG:GLY ratio in e-liquids was ~30:70 across all flavors with GLY being slightly higher in tobacco and mint flavors. In general, when Juul e-liquids were replaced with nicotine-free 60:40 PG:GLY, oxidant production increased up to 190% and, with addition of citral, increased even further. Conclusions Juul devices produce free radicals and carbonyls, albeit, at levels substantially lower than those observed in other e-cig products, an effect only partially because of a low PG:GLY ratio. Nicotine delivery by these devices was as high as or higher than the levels previously reported from cigarettes. Implications These findings suggest that oxidative stress and/or damage resulting from Juul use may be lower than that from cigarettes or other e-cig devices; however, the high nicotine levels are suggestive of a greater addiction potential.

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