scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of apramycin at acidic pH warrants wide therapeutic window in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis

EBioMedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 103652
Author(s):  
Katja Becker ◽  
Sha Cao ◽  
Anna Nilsson ◽  
Maria Erlandsson ◽  
Sven-Kevin Hotop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: New Insights from Normal and Cancerous Urothelial Models

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Taja Železnik Ramuta ◽  
Larisa Tratnjek ◽  
Aleksandar Janev ◽  
Katja Seme ◽  
Marjanca Starčič Erjavec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a serious global health issue, especially due to emerging multidrug-resistant UTI-causing bacteria. Recently, we showed that the human amniotic membrane (hAM) could be a candidate for treatments and prevention of UPEC and Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, its role against multidrug-resistant bacteria, namely methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has not yet been thoroughly explored. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the hAM homogenate had antibacterial activity against 7 out of 11 tested multidrug-resistant strains, the greatest effect was on MRSA. Using novel approaches, its activity against MRSA was further evaluated in a complex microenvironment of normal and cancerous urinary bladder urothelia. Even short-term incubation in hAM homogenate significantly decreased the number of bacteria in MRSA-infected urothelial models, while it did not affect the viability, number, and ultrastructure of urothelial cells. The hAM patches had no antibacterial activity against any of the tested strains, which further exposes the importance of the hAM preparation. Our study substantially contributes to basic knowledge on the antibacterial activity of hAM and reveals its potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Low pH reduces the activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam in human urine, but confirms current breakpoints for urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Karoline Nussbaumer-Pröll ◽  
Sabine Eberl ◽  
Birgit Reiter ◽  
Thomas Stimpfl ◽  
Christoph Dorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Acidic pH has been shown to impact the antibiotic activity of non-β-lactams in urine. Objectives To investigate the in vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam compared with meropenem at different pH settings in urine. Methods We determined the MICs for 30 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, 25 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 24 clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis in pooled human urine and standard growth medium at pH 5 and 7. Time–kill curves were produced for one representative clinical isolate of tested bacterial strains in urine at pH 5, 6 and 7 for both antibiotics at concentrations above and below the MIC. HPLC analysis of the stability of ceftolozane/tazobactam and meropenem was performed at different pH values. Results The median MICs of both antibiotics were up to 8-fold higher at pH 5 than at pH 7. Bacterial growth of E. coli was not impacted by pH, while for K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis low pH slightly reduced growth. Compared with pH 7, pH 5 resulted in a significant decrease in antibiotic activity with a delta of up to 3 log10 bacterial counts after 24 h. Impact of acidic pH was lowest for P. mirabilis; however, this strain metabolically increased the pH during experiments. Stability was not impacted by low pH. Conclusions Acidic pH had a significant negative impact on the activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and meropenem in urine. Considering concentrations achieved in urine, our results confirm existing breakpoints and do not advocate increasing ceftolozane/tazobactam breakpoints for urinary tract infections.

Urinary tract infections

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Estée Török ◽  
Fiona J. Cooke ◽  
Ed Moran
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Perinephric Abscess ◽  
Prostatic Abscess ◽  
Interstitial Inflammation ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Granulomatous Prostatitis

This chapter covers cystitis (an infection of the bladder, characterized by dysuria), acute pyelonephritis (an infection of the kidney), chronic pyelonephritis (which is a chronic diffuse interstitial inflammation), renal abscesses (such as perinephric abscess, renal corticomedullary abscess, and renal cortical abscess), catheter-associated urinary tract infections, prostatitis (including granulomatous prostatitis and prostatic abscess), epididymitis, and orchitis.

scholarly journals Antibacterial therapy for uncompleted upper urinary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Adel S. Al-Shukri ◽  
Elena E. Zakharevich
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tract Infections

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of the drug Hileflox 750 (levofloxacin) in the treatment of uncomplicated infections of the upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis). 46 patients (9 men and 37 women) with uncomplicated pyelonephritis were observed. All patients were treated with Hileflox 750 mg orally once a day for 5 days. The drug showed high antibacterial activity, clinical efficacy and good tolerance. During follow-up for 6 months, not one patient showed abnormalities in laboratory tests, the development of complications or relapses of the disease. Conclusions: the results of the study showed the feasibility and effectiveness of the use of the drug Hayleflox 750 for the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in monotherapy.

scholarly journals Acute focal bacterial nephritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
V. I. Kirillov ◽  
N. A. Bogdanova ◽  
S. Yu. Nikitina ◽  
A. V. Zhukovskaya ◽  
M. A. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Persistent Fever ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Focal Bacterial Nephritis ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

A description of 13 clinical cases of acute focal bacterial nephritis in children aged from 1 year to 4 years and 8 months (2.6±1.1 years), made up 1,61% from hospitalized for acute urinary tract infections in accordance with existing ideas about this pathology, is presented.Acute focal bacterial nephritis is a rare variant of acute pyelonephritis that can transform into a purulent process, accompanied by nonspecific signs of acute urinary infection with persistent fever and signs of a systemic inflammatory response, which is recognized by visualization technologies. Ultrasound investigation in the case of acute focal bacterial nephritis usually reveals focuses of hyper-echogenicity of one of the kidneys and/ or signs of nephromegaly. The reserve method for diagnosing pathology is the computerized tomography. Adequate treatment of acute focal bacterial nephritis must include mandatory intravenous administration of antibiotics for at least 3 weeks , which allows for a favorable outcome of the disease.

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