Acting target of toosendanin locates in the midgut epithelium cells of Mythimna separate Walker larvae (lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 110828
Author(s):  
Hai Li ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ting Ma ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Zhiqing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Midgut Epithelium ◽  
Mythimna Separate ◽  
Epithelium Cells ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Ultrastructure of two Types of Endocrine Cells in the Midgut Epithelium of Spodoptera Exiqua Hűbner, 1808 (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska ◽  
Agata Chechelska ◽  
Maciej Frądczak ◽  
Katarzyna Salitra
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Midgut Epithelium ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Regenerative Cells ◽  
Apical Membranes ◽  
Columnar Cells ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Midgut Lumen

Ultrastructure of two Types of Endocrine Cells in the Midgut Epithelium ofSpodoptera ExiquaHűbner, 1808 (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)Midgut epithelium of Lepidoptera consists of four types of cells: columnar, goblet, endocrine and regenerative. Among endocrine cells two types have been distinguished: "open" and "closed". In all five larval instars ofSpodoptera exiqua(Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) only "open" endocrine cells were observed, which means that their apical membranes contact with the midgut lumen and form microvilli like columnar cells of epithelial character. Among them granular and vesicular cells are distinguishable. The number of vesicular endocrine cells increases distinctly in the 5thlarval instar. The structure of endocrine cells in the midgut epithelium ofS. exiquaand their differentiation from the regenerative cells, studied in transmission electron microscope, are described.

scholarly journals Insight Into Cellular Uptake and Transcytosis of Peptide Nanoparticles in a Generalist Caterpillar.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin McGraw ◽  
Jonathan D. Roberts ◽  
Nitish Kunte ◽  
Matthew Westerfield ◽  
Xavier Streety ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Midgut Epithelium ◽  
Sf9 Cells ◽  
Insect Pest Management ◽  
Amphiphilic Peptide ◽  
Peptide Nanoparticles ◽  
Epithelium Cells

Abstract Development of novel and specific insect pest management methods is critical for overcoming pesticide resistance and off-target effects. Gene silencing through consumption of double stranded (dsRNA) by insects shows promise in this area. Association of dsRNA with nanoparticles confers protection against nucleases, and can also promote translocation of dsRNA across the midgut epithelial cell membranes, and overall enhance gene knockdown effects. However, many mysteries of how nanoparticles and dsRNA are internalized by cells and subsequently transported across the midgut epithelium remain to be unraveled. In this article, we investigate the role of endocytosis and transcytosis in the uptake and transport of dsRNA and nanoparticles through midgut epithelium cells. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells and branched amphiphilic peptide nano-capsules (BAPCs) were used as an experimental model. Additionally, analyses of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) were performed to demonstrated that cell viability was minimally impacted by the BAPCs-dsRNA complex. Results suggests that clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytois are largely responsible for cellular uptake, and once within the midgut, transcytosis is involved in shuttling BAPCs from the lumen to the hemolymph. BAPCs were not found to be toxic to Sf9 cells or generate damaging reactive species once internalized. This opens up further possibilities for BAPCs as a new insect pest management method.

scholarly journals Live imaging of baculovirus infection of midgut epithelium cells: a functional assay of per os infectivity factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 2531-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfang Mu ◽  
Jan W. M. van Lent ◽  
Guy Smagghe ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Xinwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Midgut Epithelium ◽  
Functional Assay ◽  
Baculovirus Infection ◽  
Epithelium Cells

The occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) of baculoviruses are responsible for oral infection of insect hosts, whereas budded viruses (BVs) are responsible for systemic infection within the host. The ODV membrane proteins play crucial roles in mediating virus entry into midgut epithelium cells to initiate infection and are important factors in host-range determination. For Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), seven conserved ODV membrane proteins have been shown to be essential for oral infectivity and are called per os infectivity factors (PIFs). Information on the function of the individual PIF proteins in virus entry is limited, partly due to the lack of a good in vitro system for monitoring ODV entry. Here, we constructed a baculovirus with EGFP fused to the nucleocapsid to monitor virus entry into primary midgut epithelium cells ex vivo using confocal fluorescence microscopy. The EGFP-labelled virus showed similar BV virulence and ODV infectivity as WT virus. The ability to bind and enter host cells was then visualized for WT AcMNPV and viruses with mutations in P74 (PIF0), PIF1 or PIF2, showing that P74 is required for ODV binding, whilst PIF1 and PIF2 play important roles in the entry of ODV after binding to midgut cells. This is the first live imaging of ODV entry into midgut cells and complements the genetic and biochemical evidence for the role of PIFs in the oral infection process.

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