Using facilitation microsites as a restoration tool for conversion of degraded grasslands to Nothofagus forests in Southern Patagonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Valenzuela ◽  
Eduardo C. Arellano ◽  
James A. Burger ◽  
Pablo Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Nothofagus Forests

scholarly journals Tree health influences diameter growth along site quality, crown class and age gradients in Nothofagus forests of southern Patagonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Attis Beltrán ◽  
G. Martínez Pastur ◽  
H. Ivancich ◽  
M.V. Lencinas ◽  
L.M. Chauchard
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Nothofagus Pumilio ◽  
Tree Health ◽  
Qualitative Variable ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Nothofagus Forests

We examined the influence of tree health on annual diameter increment of trees along gradients in stand site quality, crown classes and tree age in Nothofagus pumilio forests of Southern Patagonia. Healthy trees had higher annual diameter increment than unhealthy trees along all gradients (site quality, crown class, tree age). We argue that tree health could be employed as a qualitative variable in models of tree growth to estimate aboveground biomass and carbon stocks in this forest system.  

scholarly journals Flowering and seeding patterns in pure and mixed Nothofagus forests in Southern Patagonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Toro Manríquez ◽  
Luciana Mestre ◽  
María Vanessa Lencinas ◽  
Álvaro Promis ◽  
Guillermo Martínez Pastur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Nothofagus Forests

scholarly journals Disturbance History and Dynamics of an Old-Growth Nothofagus Forest in Southern Patagonia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Mariano Martín Amoroso ◽  
Ana Paula Blazina
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Disturbance History ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Nothofagus Forest ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Nothofagus Forests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Disturbance ◽  
Robust Evidence

The identification of disturbance events using disturbance chronologies has become a valuable tool in reconstructing disturbance history in temperate forests worldwide; yet detailed reconstructions of disturbance history and their effect on the structure and dynamics of the old-growth Nothofagus forests in the southern Patagonia are scarce. We reconstructed forest dynamics and disturbance history of an old-growth N. pumilio forest in the Toro River Valley, Santa Cruz, Argentina using dendroecological techniques. Since a variation in the disturbance regimes was expected with changing elevation, we sampled at different elevations. We found distinct differences in forest structure, dynamics, and disturbance history with changes in the elevation. The disturbance chronologies provided robust evidence that forests in the study area have been subjected to multiple disturbance events over the last 200 years. Yet, recognizing the agent of disturbance could be difficult in these montane forests and further studies are required. Moreover, disturbances might have varied from frequent, moderate- to high-severity events to less frequent and more severe events. This study represents the first of its kind for the temperate forests of Patagonia.

On a new Temnocephala (Platyhelminthes) from Southern Patagonia (Chile, Argentina), with a redescription of T. chilensis and some systematic and biogeographical insights

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4852 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-395
Author(s):  
RODRIGO PONCE DE LEÓN ◽  
ERICH H. RUDOLPH ◽  
ODILE VOLONTERIO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
A New Species

To date, only one species of Temnocephala is known from Chile, Temnocephala chilensis, and three from southern Argentina (Patagonia), namely T. chilensis, Temnocephala dionii, and Temnocephala mexicana. Here we describe a new species of Temnocephala and provide an updated description of T. chilensis based on material found on an anomuran crab (Aeglidae) from southern Chile. Additional hosts and localities are reported for both species in southern Argentina and Chile, and a diagnostic key for all species of Temnocephala hosted on Aegla and Parastacidae is included as well. In southern Chile, both T. chilensis and the new species were found on the crayfish Samastacus spinifrons and on the anomuran crabs Aegla abtao and Aegla alacalufi; in addition, the new species was found on Aegla manni, and T. chilensis on Aegla rostrata. In southern Argentina, T. chilensis and the new species were found on Aegla riolimayana and S. spinifrons. Based on their shared traits (morphology of the penial stylet, host preferences and geographic distribution), the temnocephalans hosted in Aegla are tentatively gathered into two clusters, the Chilensis and Axenos groups. 

scholarly journals Improving the knowledge of plant potential biodiversity-ecosystem services links using maps at the regional level in Southern Patagonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamina Micaela Rosas ◽  
Pablo L. Peri ◽  
María Vanessa Lencinas ◽  
Romina Lasagno ◽  
Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Southern Patagonia

Abstract Background Biodiversity supports multiple ecosystem services, whereas species loss endangers the provision of many services and affects ecosystem resilience and resistance capacity. The increase of remote sensing techniques allows to estimate biodiversity and ecosystem services supply at the landscape level in areas with low available data (e.g. Southern Patagonia). This paper evaluates the potential biodiversity and how it links with ecosystem services, based on vascular plant species across eight ecological areas. We also evaluated the habitat plant requirements and their relation with natural gradients. A total of 977 plots were used to develop habitat suitability maps based on an environmental niche factor analysis of 15 more important indicator species for each ecological area (n = 53 species) using 40 explanatory variables. Finally, these maps were combined into a single potential biodiversity map, which was linked with environmental variables and ecosystem services supply. For comparisons, data were extracted and compared through analyses of variance. Results The plant habitat requirements varied greatly among the different ecological areas, and it was possible to define groups according to its specialization and marginality indexes. The potential biodiversity map allowed us to detect coldspots in the western mountains and hotspots in southern and eastern areas. Higher biodiversity was associated to higher temperatures and normalized difference vegetation index, while lower biodiversity was related to elevation and rainfall. Potential biodiversity was closely associated with supporting and provisioning ecosystem services in shrublands and grasslands in the humid steppe, while the lowest values were related to cultural ecosystem services in Nothofagus forests. Conclusions The present study showed that plant species present remarkable differences in spatial distributions and ecological requirements, being a useful proxy for potential biodiversity modelling. Potential biodiversity values change across ecological areas allowing to identify hotspots and coldspots, a useful tool for landscape management and conservation strategies. In addition, links with ecosystem services detect potential synergies and trade-offs, where areas with the lowest potential biodiversity are related to cultural ecosystem services (e.g. aesthetic values) and areas with the greatest potential biodiversity showed threats related to productive activities (e.g. livestock).

scholarly journals Impact of mid Eocene greenhouse warming on America’s southernmost floras

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián A. Fernández ◽  
Luis Palazzesi ◽  
M. Sol González Estebenet ◽  
M. Cristina Tellería ◽  
Viviana D. Barreda
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Nonparametric Estimators ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Marine Realm ◽  
High Diversity

AbstractA major climate shift took place about 40 Myr ago—the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum or MECO—triggered by a significant rise of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The biotic response to this MECO is well documented in the marine realm, but poorly explored in adjacent landmasses. Here, we quantify the response of the floras from America’s southernmost latitudes based on the analysis of terrestrially derived spores and pollen grains from the mid-late Eocene (~46–34 Myr) of southern Patagonia. Robust nonparametric estimators indicate that floras in southern Patagonia were in average ~40% more diverse during the MECO than pre-MECO and post-MECO intervals. The high atmospheric CO2 and increasing temperatures may have favored the combination of neotropical migrants with Gondwanan species, explaining in part the high diversity that we observed during the MECO. Our reconstructed biota reflects a greenhouse world and offers a climatic and ecological deep time scenario of an ice-free sub-Antarctic realm.

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