Comparison of Two Serological Tests for the Identification of Recent HIV Infection: Vironostika HIV-1 Microelisa and BED Capture Enzyme Immunoassay

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 553-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabel Romero ◽  
Elisa Martró ◽  
Victoria González ◽  
Lurdes Matas
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Transmitted drug resistance to Tenofovir/Emtricitabine among persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection in Shenyang city, Northeast China from 2016 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Minghui An ◽  
Wei Song ◽  
Xue Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Shenyang City ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background To assess transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC), using as pre-exposure prophylaxis, among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected residents in Shenyang city, northeast China. Methods Demographic and epidemiological information of all newly diagnosed HIV-1 infected residents in Shenyang city from 2016 to 2018 were anonymously collected from the local HIV epidemic database. HIV-1 pol sequences were amplified from RNA in cryopreserved plasma samples and sequenced directly. Viral subtypes were inferred with phylogenetic analysis and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were determined according to the Stanford HIVdb algorithm. Recent HIV infection was determined with HIV Limiting Antigen avidity electro immunoassay. Results A total of 2176 sequences (92.4%, 2176/2354) were obtained; 70.9% (1536/2167) were CRF01_AE, followed by CRF07_BC (18.0%, 391/2167), subtype B (4.7%, 102/2167), other subtypes (2.6%, 56/2167), and unique recombinant forms (3.8%, 82/2167). The prevalence of TDR was 4.9% (107/2167), among which, only 0.6% (13/2167) was resistance to TDF/FTC. Most of these subjects had CRF01_AE strains (76.9%, 10/13), were unmarried (76.9%, 10/13), infected through homosexual contact (92.3%, 12/13), and over 30 years old (median age: 33). The TDF/FTC DRMs included K65R (8/13), M184I/V (5/13), and Y115F (2/13). Recent HIV infection accounted for only 23.1% (3/13). Most cases were sporadic in the phylogenetic tree, except two CRF01_AE sequences with K65R (Bootstrap value: 99%). Conclusions The prevalence of TDR to TDF/FTC is low among newly diagnosed HIV-infected cases in Shenyang, suggesting that TDR may have little impact on the protective effect of the ongoing CROPrEP project in Shenyang city.

Evaluation of the Performance of Three Biomarker Assays for Recent HIV Infection Using a Well-Characterized HIV-1 Subtype C Incidence Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-627
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Gonese ◽  
Peter H. Kilmarx ◽  
Cari van Schalkwyk ◽  
Eduard Grebe ◽  
Kuda Mutasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

Effectiveness of the algorithm for detecting cases of recent HIV-1 infection in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
A.V. Shlykova ◽  
◽  
D.E. Kireev ◽  
I.A. Lapovok ◽  
D.V. Saleeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Duration Of Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

Objective. Accurate identification of recent HIV-1 infection cases will ensure a more effective and precise assessment of the dynamics of virus transmission, the time between infection and diagnosis, and the quality of screening and prevention programs. This study was undertaken to adjust the recent HIV-1 infection testing algorithm using a cohort of patients, in whom the time since infection was known. Materials and methods. We used blood plasma samples obtained from 264 HIV-infected patients with a known date of infection. All samples were analyzed using two serological assays aimed to differentiate between cases of recent and established HIV infection. Using the results of sequencing of the pol region, we calculated the proportion of variable positions in order to determine the duration of infection. To identify the cases of recent HIV infection, we evaluated different variants of a diagnostic algorithm that included a combination of serological tests, molecular genetic analysis of the viral genome, and other clinical and laboratory parameters. Results. The effectiveness of the DS-ELISA-HIV-AB-TERM (DS) assay for the detection of recent infection was higher than that of the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay (Abbott). The sensitivity and specificity of the DS assay were 94.4% and 96.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the Abbott assay were 86.4% and 77,4%, respectively. The HIV-1 genome variability threshold of 0.33% allowed the differentiation between samples depending on the time since infection with a cut-off of 12 months: 82.1% of recent samples and 62.7% of established samples were correctly identified using this method. We analyzed the effectiveness of schemes of the algorithm for the detection of recent infection lasting no longer than 9 months. Conclusion. Our findings allow us to recommend the algorithm based on the Russian DS assay for the detection of recent HIV-1 cases in routine clinical practice. This algorithm will enable the detection of new HIV cases, thereby improving the disease control. Key words: HIV-1, HIV infection, genetic variability, time since infection, duration of infection, recent infection, early infection, seroconversion

scholarly journals Difficulties of Identifying the Early HIV Antibody Seroconversion Period Depending on the Confirmatory Assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Stefic ◽  
Nadia Mahjoub ◽  
Céline Desouche ◽  
Marie Laure Néré ◽  
Damien Thierry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Confirmatory Assay ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background Identification of HIV infection at the early stage is valuable for patient management, for prevention, and for research purposes. In practice, identification of a recent HIV infection at diagnosis proves challenging after HIV antibody seroconversion but can be suspected using Western blots (WBs) or immunoblots (IBs) as confirmatory assays. Methods Five commercially available confirmatory assays were compared using 43 samples from recently infected individuals. This included 2 WBs (New LAV Blot I, Biorad, and HIV Blot 2.2, MP Biomedicals), 2 IBs (INNO-LIA HIV I/II, Fujirebio, and RecomLine HIV-1 & HIV-2, Mikrogen Diagnostik), and 1 immunochromatographic single-use assay (Geenius HIV1/2 supplemental assay, Biorad). Results Following the manufacturer’s recommendations for interpretation, the 2 WBs led to indeterminate results for 30% and 42% of the samples, suggesting recent infection, compared with 2%–7% for the 3 other assays. When interpreted based on the Fiebig classification, concordant stages were observed in 42% of samples, and only 49% were classified as early seroconversion by all 5 assays. For the remaining specimens, the distinction with chronic infection was highly variable depending on the assay (5%–100%). Conclusions Clinical laboratories must consider this variability, which must be kept in mind both for initial diagnosis and for multicenter studies for which inclusion criteria refer to serological profiles by confirmatory assays.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab combo assay for determining recent HIV-1 infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0242641
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Curtis ◽  
Donna L. Rudolph ◽  
Yi Pan ◽  
Kevin Delaney ◽  
Kathryn Anastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Abbott Architect

Background Given the challenges and costs associated with implementing HIV-1 incidence assay testing, there is great interest in evaluating the use of commercial HIV diagnostic tests for determining recent HIV infection. A diagnostic test with the capability of providing reliable data for the determination of recent HIV infection without substantial modifications to the test protocol would have a significant impact on HIV surveillance. The Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay is an antigen/antibody immunoassay, which meets the criteria as the first screening test in the recommended HIV laboratory diagnostic algorithm for the United States. Methods In this study, we evaluated the performance characteristics of the ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo signal-to-cutoff ratio (S/Co) for determining recent infection, including estimation of the mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) and false recent rate (FRR), and selection of recency cutoffs. Results The MDRI estimates for the S/Co recency cutoff of 400 is within the 4 to 12 months range recommended for HIV incidence assays, and the FRR rate for this cutoff was 1.5%. Additionally, ARCHITECT Combo S/Co values were compared relative to diagnostic test results from two prior prospective HIV-1 diagnostic studies in order to validate the use of the S/Co for both diagnostic and recency determination. Conclusion Dual-use of the ARCHITECT Combo assay data for diagnostic and incidence purposes would reduce the need for separate HIV incidence testing and allow for monitoring of recent infection for incidence estimation and other public health applications.

scholarly journals Association of recent HIV infection and in-utero HIV-1 transmission

AIDS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1357-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha E. Taha ◽  
Maria M. James ◽  
Donald R. Hoover ◽  
Jin Sun ◽  
Oliver Laeyendecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay for Determining Recent HIV-1 Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Curtis ◽  
Donna L. Rudolph ◽  
Yi Pan ◽  
Kevin Delaney ◽  
Kathryn Anastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Abbott Architect

BackgroundGiven the challenges and costs associated with implementing HIV-1 incidence assay testing, there is great interest in evaluating the use of commercial HIV diagnostic tests for determining recent HIV infection. A diagnostic test with the capability of providing reliable data for the determination of recent HIV infection without substantial modifications to the test protocol would have a significant impact on HIV surveillance. The Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay is an antigen/antibody immunoassay, which meets the criteria as the first screening test in the recommended HIV laboratory diagnostic algorithm for the United States.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the performance characteristics of the ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo signal-to-cutoff ratio (S/Co) for determining recent infection, including estimation of the mean duration of recent infection (MDRI) and false recent rate (FRR), and selection of recency cutoffs.ResultsThe MDRI estimates for the S/Co recency cutoff of 400 is within the 4 to 12 months range recommended for HIV incidence assays, and the FRR rate for this cutoff was 1.5%. Additionally, ARCHITECT Combo S/Co values were compared relative to diagnostic test results from two prior prospective HIV-1 diagnostic studies in order to validate the use of the S/Co for both diagnostic and recency determination.ConclusionDual-use of the ARCHITECT Combo assay data for diagnostic and incidence purposes would reduce the need for separate HIV incidence testing and allow for monitoring of recent infection for incidence estimation and other public health applications.

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