Short phases of tropical forage legumes increase production of subsequent cereal crops in the seasonally dry tropics of eastern Indonesia

ABSTRACT: Find shade-tolerant species is essential to the success of silvopastoral systems, increasingly frequent in recent years. In legumes, which have potential of biological nitrogen fixation, there is a great lack of knowledge when in shaded environments.The cultivation of four tropical forage (Neonotonia wightii, Pueraria phaseoloides, Macrotyloma axilare and Arachis pintoi) was evaluated when submitted to artificial shade levels (30, 50 and 70% shade) and in full sun during water and drought seasons. The design used was in randomized complete blocks in a sub-divided plot scheme with four replications. In the Water-season the Forage Peanuts had higher forage production in full sun (11 ton ha-1 DM), and under shade did not differ from Perennial Soybean, higher than the others in all levels of shade. In Drought-season the forage production was 61% lower than in Water-season. The highest crude protein levels were reported in Forage Peanuts, Tropical Kudzu and Perennial Soybean, 19.0; 18.3 and 18.2% respectively in the Water-season. Forage Peanuts is a good option for use in silvopastoral systems although there is a small reduction in forage production (average of 23.7%). In general, species of fabaceae showed a greater reduction in forage production in the period of water deficit; however, shading at levels of 30% to 50% contribute to mitigation of water shortage. Although, there is a small reduction in forage production, withexception of perennial soybeans in dry season, it is advisable to use tropical forage legumes in silvopastoral systems, since forage quality is not affected by shade.

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Nutrient intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance of two temperate and two tropical forage legume hays fed to New Zealand white rabbits

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v46i1.2492 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 132-142

Author(s):

T. T. Akpensuen ◽

J. T. Amodu ◽

R. J. Tanko ◽

S. B. Abdu ◽

O. A. T. Namo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

The Other ◽

Forage Legume ◽

Forage Legumes ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Tropical Forage ◽

New Zealand White Rabbits

An experiment was carried out to evaluate two temperate forage legumes (Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens) and two tropical forage legumes (Stylosanthes guianensis and Centrosema molle) for hay intake and digestibility in the cool tropical climate of Vom, Jos, Plateau State of Nigeria. The legumes were planted in the month of June, 2016 and harvested at early-podding stage for hay. Sixteen (16) growing male New Zealand White rabbits were used for the digestibility study. The rabbits were arranged in a Completely Randomised Design and in individual cages measuring 55 cm x 39 cm x 40 cm. Nutrient contents, intake and digestibility in rabbits were determined. Crude protein content was significantly (P<0.01) higher in T. repens (18.38%) compared to T. pratense (16.50 %), whereas S. guianensis produced the least value of 13.83%. The crude fibre content of the hay was significantly higher (P<0.0I) in S. guianensis (37.29 %) compared to the other forage legumes. Dry matter intake was significantly (P<0.01) higher in rabbits fed T. repens (77.88%) compared to T. pratense (76.57%), and the lowest value of 62.97% was obtained in S. guianensis. Crude protein intake was significantly (P<0.01) higher in rabbits fed T. repens (15.05 g d-1) compared to those fed T. pratense (12.71 g d-1), but S. guianensis had the least value of 8.64 g d-1. On the other hand, rabbits fed S. guianensis hay had a higher (P<0.01) crude fibre intake (23.39%). Trifolium repens was significantly (P<0.01) higher in dry matter and crude protein digestibility (64.79 and 85. 88 %), while S. guianensis had lower values of 56.89 and 71.33%, respectively. Trifolium repens also had a significantly (P<0.01) higher total nitrogen intake and retained compared to the other forage legumes. Nitrogen retained in T. repens was 2.40 g d-1 compared to 1.87 g d-1 in T. pretense, while S. guianensis had the lowest of 1.34 g d-1. The temperate forage legume hays were higher in nutrient content, intake and digestibility compared to the tropical legume hays. Therefore, the forage crops may serve as better supplementary feeds for livestock feeding especially during the dry season.

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Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle).

10.1079/fc.2192.20210113988 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nick Pasieczni ◽

Duncan McDonald

Keyword(s):

Imperata Cylindrica ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Soil Types ◽

Weed Species ◽

Root Nodulation ◽

Seasonally Dry ◽

Dry Tropics ◽

Acacia Crassicarpa ◽

Round Timber ◽

Pulp Production

Abstract A. crassicarpa is one of the fastest-growing acacias for planting on degraded sites in the seasonally-dry tropics. It tolerates a range of soil types, particularly those of low fertility. It is a nitrogen-fixing tree that produces abundant natural root nodulation. It is fire resistant and competes favourably against weed species such as Imperata cylindrica. It has the potential to produce a dense hardwood that can be used in industrial pulp production, as sawn or round timber for construction or as fuelwood.

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Leguminosae - temperate and tropical forage legumes.

Agricultural seed production ◽

10.1079/9781845938192.0102 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 102-122

Author(s):

R. A. T. George

Keyword(s):

Forage Legumes ◽

Tropical Forage

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Dry matter production and chemical composition of tropical forage legumes under different shading levels

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.43526 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 43526

Author(s):

João Carlos De Carvalho Almeida ◽

Leonardo Fiusa de Morais ◽

Raphael Pavesi Araújo ◽

Mirton José Frota Morenz ◽

João Batista Rodrigues de Abreu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Forage Legumes ◽

Matter Production ◽

Tropical Forage

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Diet selection by cattle grazing Stylosanthes-grass pastures in the seasonally dry tropics: effect of year, season, stylo species and botanical composition

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9960781 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 781 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

DB Coates

Keyword(s):

Cattle Grazing ◽

Diet Selection ◽

Dry Season ◽

Major Influence ◽

Botanical Composition ◽

Wet Season ◽

Seasonally Dry ◽

Dietary Preference ◽

Dry Tropics ◽

Opportunity For Selection

The dietary preference of cattle grazing Stylosanthes-based pastures in the seasonally dry tropics of North Queensland was studied using faecal carbon ratios (S13C) to determine grass-legume proportions. Estimates were made at monthly intervals for several years in 1 experiment to determine the effect of year, season and botanical composition on dietary stylo proportions. In another experiment, the effect of stylo cultivars (Verano and Seca) on dietary preference was monitored for 17 months. Where pastures provided ample opportunity for selection, cattle showed a strong preference for grass in the early wet season and in the late dry season. The proportion of stylo in the diet increased during the wet season and reached peak proportions (as high as 80%) in the late wet season or early dry season. Dietary stylo proportions decreased as pastures dried off and as the stylo shed leaf or became more stemmy. The length of the wet season and the amount and distribution of rainfall had a major influence on the seasonal pattern of diet selection. Stylo rarely fell below 20% in the diet. On an annual basis, stylo accounted for about 45% of the diet which was appreciably higher than the proportion of stylo in the pasture. Dietary stylo proportions were higher on Seca-based pasture than on Verano-based pasture. The avoidance of stylo in the early wet season was less pronounced with Seca compared with Verano. Later in the season Seca was the dominant dietary component for a much longer period than Verano. The effect of botanical composition on dietary grass-legume proportions varied between and within years. Correlations between grass-legume proportions in the pasture and in the diet were highest in the late dry season and early wet season when preference for grass was strongest. At the end of the wet season when cattle preferred stylo, dietary stylo was not related to pasture stylo content except in a drought year. Averaged over the full year, dietary stylo content was significantly correlated with pasture stylo content in all years and the correlation was highest in a drought year when there was a high level of utilisation and less opportunity for selection. A simple model relating dietary stylo to pasture stylo was developed and is discussed.

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