Background:
Histamine, a biological amine, is considered as a principal mediator of
many pathological processes regulating several essential events in allergies and
autoimmune diseases. Numerous derivatives have been developed that strive with
histamine at H1 receptor and prevent binding of histamine at H1 receptor thus prevent
allergic reactions. Molecules containing triazole ring fused with six-membered ring
systems are found to possess broad applications in the field of medicine and industry.
The present study is an attempt to characterize the impact of the nature of the
substituent introduced at the 5 positions of the-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol on their
capacities to bind with H1 receptor.
Methods:
Molecular docking (PDB ID: 3RZE) revealed that synthesized derivatives and
target proteins were actively involved in binding with Tyr-108, Thr-112, Ala-216, and Phe432 subunits. The pharmacophore model new 5-(4-substituted phenyl)-4-(phenylamino)-
4-H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols (5a-5h) were designed and evaluated for H1-blocking activity
using isolated segments from the guinea pig ileum.
Results:
According to in silico analysis, all the compounds have a topological polar
surface area (TPSA) less than 140 Å squared, so they tend to a good penetration in cell
membranes. The results show that most of the compounds are non-inhibitors of CYP450
substrates that play a fundamental role in drug metabolism. Compounds 5d
(50.53±12.03), 5h (50.62±12.33) and 7a (55.07±12.41) are more active than others.
Conclusion:
Finally, these derivatives were screened for H1 receptor antagonist activity
using guinea pig ileum taking chlorpheniramine maleate as a standard. Most of the
compounds possesses better antihistamine activity.