The influence of static crack-opening stress on the threshold level for shear-mode fatigue crack growth in bearing steels

2017 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Okazaki ◽  
K. Wada ◽  
H. Matsunaga ◽  
M. Endo
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Shear Mode ◽  
Bearing Steels ◽  
Static Crack ◽  
Crack Opening Stress

scholarly journals A Novel Methodology for Calculating Crack Opening Stress under Tension-Compression Cyclic Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Wei
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Closure ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Life ◽  
Crack Opening Stress

Crack closure model has been used in several applications on the prediction of fatigue crack growth life, with expression of crack opening stress often serving as milestones. A typical difficulty in calculating the crack opening stress is the phenomenon of crack closure caused by the compressive load effect. Compressive load effect, resulting in the change of residual stress status at the unloading stage and the decrease of crack opening stress, is a long-term challenge for predicting fatigue crack growth life. We propose the expression of crack opening stress to predict fatigue crack growth life based on the analysis of compact tensile specimen with elastoplastic element method. It combines the characteristics of material and load to deal with the phenomenon of crack closure and uses stress ratio and normalized maximum applied load variable to construct the expression of crack opening stress. In the study of tensile-compression fatigue crack growth experiments, the proposed expression is proved to improve, by comparative analysis, the predictive ability on the whole range of experiment data. The novel expression is accurate and simple. Consequently, it is conducive to calculate the crack opening stress under tension-compression load.

Analysis on Fatigue Crack Growth Rates Under a Wide Range of Stress Ratios

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kurihara ◽  
A. Katoh ◽  
M. Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Stress Ratio ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stress Ratios ◽  
Crack Opening Stress ◽  
Crack Growth Rates

In the present study, a series of fatigue crack growth tests were carried out in order to examine the effects of stress ratio R upon crack growth rates, together with the crack closure behaviors. Fatigue tests were conducted with center-notched specimens of two kinds of pressure vessel steels (500 MPa class and 800 MPa class) under cyclic axial loading in various stress ratios R ranging from −5 to +0.8. Crack opening stress levels were determined by the unloading elastic compliance method. An expression of fatigue crack growth rates under a wide range of stress ratios was proposed, taking into account the relationship between stress ratio R and crack opening stress ratio U. The crack growth behaviors near the threshold conditions were also discussed.

Fatigue and Static Crack Growth Rate of Alloy 718 Under Cathodic Polarization

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3572 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramgopal Thodla ◽  
Anand Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Alloy 718 ◽  
Static Crack ◽  
Rate Behavior

Fatigue crack growth rate was developed on three heats of alloy 718 (UNS N07718) under cathodic polarization, over a wide range of loading conditions. Fatigue crack growth rate increased with decreasing frequency over a range of Kmax and K conditions. In most cases, there was no evidence of a plateau in fatigue crack growth rate at low frequencies. The fatigue crack growth rate over the range of conditions evaluated were influenced by static crack growth rate at Kmax. The principle of superposition of fatigue crack growth and static crack growth was used to rationalize the observed crack growth rate response. Static crack growth rate of alloy 718 measured under constant K conditions, was lower than that measured under rising displacement conditions. A crack tip strain rate based model was used to rationalize the fatigue crack growth rate behavior and the static crack growth rate behavior under constant K. However, the formulation of the model for the rising K was not able to rationalize the crack growth rate under rising displacement conditions.

Effects of a Single Overload on Fatigue Crack Growth of Type 316 Stainless Steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Miyoshi ◽  
Masayuki Kamaya
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Constant Amplitude ◽  
Single Overload ◽  
Tensile Overload

Abstract The effect of a single overload on the fatigue crack growth rate was investigated for Type 316 stainless steel. Fatigue crack growth tests were conducted by controlling strain and load. Tensile and compressive overloads were applied during constant amplitude cycling. The overload ratio, which was defined as the ratio of overload size to baseline constant amplitude, was also changed. The constant amplitude tests were conducted at the strain or the stress ratio of −1.0 which was defined as the ratio of the minimum value to the maximum value. The crack opening point was obtained by the unloading elastic compliance method. The crack growth rate increased after the single compressive overload. The accelerating rate increased with the overload ratio. In contrast, not only the acceleration but also the retardation of the crack growth rate was observed for some tensile overload cases. The crack growth rate increased for relatively small tensile overload cases and decreased for relatively large tensile overload cases. The change in the crack opening level was examined. The crack growth rates after tensile and compressive single overloads correlated with the effective strain and stress intensity factor ranges both for load and strain controlling modes.

Environmentally Assisted Cracking of Subsea Pipelines in Oil & Gas Production Environments—Effect of Static Loading

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2896 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-323
Author(s):  
Ramgopal Thodla ◽  
Feng Gui ◽  
Colum Holtam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Crack Growth Rate ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Metal Dissolution ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Static Crack

Fatigue crack growth rate of line pipe steels in sour environments typically exhibits a steady-state value at low frequencies. However, in highly inhibited sour environments, there is no evidence of a steady-state fatigue crack growth at low frequencies. This is likely a result of static crack growth rate at Kmax. Stable static crack growth measured under constant stress intensity factor (K) conditions in inhibited sour environments was in the range of 10−7 mm/s to 10−8 mm/s. The crack growth rate in inhibited sour environments is likely associated with crack tip processes associated with metal dissolution/film formation and associated hydrogen evolution. The results obtained were modeled based on a crack tip strain rate based approach, where the rate limiting step was the metal dissolution/FeS formation and the corresponding hydrogen generation reaction.

DESIGNING OF A TESTING MACHINE FOR SHEAR-MODE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
A. KUSABA ◽  
S. OKAZAKI ◽  
M. ENDO ◽  
K. YANASE
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Shear Mode ◽  
Mode Iii ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Testing Speed

As recognized, flaking-type failure is one of the serious problems for railroad tracks and bearings. In essence, flaking-type failure is closely related to the growth of the shear-mode (Mode-II and Mode-III) fatigue crack. In our research group, it is demonstrated that a shear-mode fatigue crack can be reproduced for cylindrical specimens by applying the cyclic torsion in the presence of the static axial compressive stress. However, a biaxial servo-hydraulic fatigue testing machine is quite expensive to purchase and costly to maintain. The low testing speed (about 10Hz) of the testing machine further aggravates the situation. As a result, study on shear-mode fatigue crack growth is still in the nascent stage. To overcome the difficulties mentioned above, in this research activity, we developed a high-performance and cost-effective testing machine to reproduce the shear-mode fatigue crack growth by improving the available resonance-type torsion fatigue testing machine. The primary advantage of using the resonance-type torsion fatigue testing machine is cost-efficiency. In addition, the testing speed effectively can be improved, in comparison with that of a biaxial servo-hydraulic fatigue testing machine. By utilizing the newly-designed testing machine, we have demonstrated that we can successfully reproduce the shear-mode fatigue crack.

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