Abstract
Background
Functional and excessive use of internet is hard to distinguish, and internet use can affect adolescents’ development of self-identity. The aim of our study was to investigate the pathway relationship of the risk and protective factors of internet use, including mother care, absorptive dissociative trait, having been bullied, exercise, self-perceived depressive mood and happiness of 12-year-old adolescents.
Methods
The Taiwan Birth Cohort Study dataset, which used a national household probability sampling method and included 17,694 12-years-old adolescents, was used for this study.
Results
Our results showed 5.3% adolescents reported to spend more than five hours online during schooldays. Additionally, adolescents that spend more than five hours online during schooldays tended to have higher absorptive trait, perceived less care from mothers, more likely to have been bullied, expressed higher level of depressed mood, which leads to lower level of perceived happiness.
Conclusions
Adolescents that spend more than 5 hours online during schooldays, compared to those that spent less than an hour online, were more likely to have been bullied and affect their level of happiness, showing that they may be a group of higher concern. Since parental care and regular exercise are protective factors for internet addiction, it should be promoted to all adolescents, especially those in the high risk group, to prevent them from being addicted online.
Association between maternal shift work and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes: results from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study with propensity-score-matching analysis
