Efektifitas Permainan Bola dan Rintangan untuk Stimulasi Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the combination game between ball and obstacles to stimulate gross motorik development of children aged 4-6 years. This research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design using single group pre-test and post-test types. The object of study is children aged 4-6 years at RA Riyadussalihin Moyudan Sleman, and the total population is 41 children who are then taken all as research samples. The data collection method is based on the results of the test observations before being given treatment and the post-test results after being given treatment. Based on the study results, it was found that there was an effect of the application of the combination game of ball and obstacle on the gross motorik development of children aged 4-6 years. As evidenced by the statistical test results, they were 0.001 for the aspect of throwing strength, 0.019 for the accuracy of catching the ball, and 0.000 for the agility aspect of overcoming obstacles. The statistical test results of the three factors are overall smaller than 0.05. It means that there are differences in the pre-test and post-test results. The ball and obstacles game affects children's gross motor development. This research contributes to understanding the effectiveness of ball and obstacle games for stimulating children's gross motor development. It can be a reference for learning programs and fostering children's motor development.

Fundamental Motor Skill Delays in Preschool Children With Disabilities: 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey

Delays in fundamental motor skill (FMS) competency have been observed in a variety of children with disabilities. However, evidence of FMS delays is largely limited to small, geographically specific, limitedly diverse, and non-representative samples. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between FMS competency and reported disability status among pre-school children, ages 3–5 years, using the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey (NYFS). In total, 329 preschool children (49% female; 4.00 ± 0.04 years of age) from the 2012 NYFS completed the Test of Gross Motor Development−2, including 43 preschoolers identified with a disability based on parental report (44% female; 4.20 ± 0.16 years). Associations were examined with logistic regression using sampling weights. Poor FMS competency, defined as gross motor quotient scores ≤ 79, was observed in significantly more children with disabilities (29%) than children without disabilities (10%, OR = 3.5, p = 0.04). While not statistically significant, there was a growing disparity in FMS competency at age 5 (41 vs. 11%) compared to age 3 (15 vs. 9%, OR = 1.80, p = 0.30). The results provide additional evidence for poor FMS competency among pre-school children with disabilities. FMS should be an early part of comprehensive assessments for all children suspected of disability or development delay as it is critical to identify and intervene upon FMS delays before discrepancies can widen.

Relationship between Motor Development and the Nutritional Status of Schools in a City of Vale dos Sinos Region, RS, Brazil

This descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional study aimed at the relationship between motor development and the nutritional status of schoolchildren aged eight to ten years from the city of Novo Hamburgo. One hundred forty-five students (80 boys and 65 girls) participated in the study, duly enrolled in the municipal school system, and belonged to different schools and regions of the same municipality. The study instruments used were Ulrich's Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition (TGMD-2) (2001), the Ministry of Health's food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric assessments of weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). For data analysis, mean, dispersion measure, frequency and percentage were used. To compare the data, Student's t test was used with tabulation of primary data in the program SPSS 26.0. The results showed that there was no relationship between the nutritional status and motor development of those investigated. However, it was observed that there is a statistically significant difference regarding the time that students spend watching television. Thus, it is understood that the nutritional status is related to the prolonged use of screens, which leads to overweight and obesity and keeps students away from physical activities. Keywords: Motor Skills. Nutritional Status. Child. ResumoO presente estudo descritivo, de caráter quantitativo e transversal, buscou a relação entre o desenvolvimento motor e o estado nutricional de escolares de oito a dez anos de idade, da cidade de Novo Hamburgo. Participaram do estudo 145 escolares (80 meninos e 65 meninas) matriculados na Rede Municipal de ensino que pertenciam a diferentes escolas e regiões do mesmo município. Como instrumentos de estudo foram utilizados o Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition (TGMD-2) de Ulrich (2001), o questionário de frequência alimentar do Ministério da Saúde e avaliações antropométricas de peso, estatura e o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se média, medida de dispersão, frequência e percentual. Para a comparação dos dados utilizou-se o teste estatístico t de Student com tabulação dos dados primários no programa SPSS 26.0. Os resultados apontaram que não houve relação entre o estado nutricional e o desenvolvimento motor dos investigados. Entretanto, observou-se que há diferença estatística significativa quanto ao tempo em que os escolares permanecem assistindo televisão. Desse modo, entende-se que o estado nutricional pode estar relacionado ao uso prolongado de tela, o que conduz ao sobrepeso e obesidade e afasta os escolares de atividades físicas. Palavras-chave: Destreza Motora. Estado Nutricional. Criança.

Hubungan Antara Status Gizi Dengan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Pada Balita

Healthy toddlers (1-3 years old) will experience reasonable and normal development, according to the ability standards of children their age, while children with impaired nutritional status will experience obstacles in their development. This study aims to study the relationship nutritional status and gross motor development of toddler in ujung piring Village, Bangkalan Regency.The research method based on Cross Sectional where the population is all children aged 1-3 years as many as 80 children, while the sample taken is 45 people by simple random sampling. The data collection method used the standard deviation table and KPSP, with a cross tabulation table and tested with the Spearman rank test, with a significance level of = 0.05.The results of the study, most of the nutritional status of toddler is good nutrition (55.6%), most of the gross motor development of children is appropriate (64.4%). From the results of the Spearman rank test, a significance value of p = 0.000 (p<α) was obtained, which means that there is a relationshipnutritional status and children's gross motor development.The results of this study can be concluded that there is a relationship between nutritional status and gross motor development of children. For this reason, it is expected that parents will care more about their children, provide nutritious food and provide appropriate stimulation so that the growth and development of children can be exceeded in accordance with expectations.

Investigating Relationships between Preschool Children’s Perceived Competence, Motor Skills, and Physical Activity: A Cross-Lagged Panel Model

Background: Motor skill competence (MSC) and perceived competence (PC) are primary correlates that are linked with physical activity (PA) participation, yet there is limited evidence of the mutual longitudinal or temporal associations between these variables in preschoolers. Therefore, this study’s purpose was to examine the bidirectional relationships between MSC and PA, MSC and PC, and PC and PA in preschoolers over time. Methods: The final sample were 61 preschoolers (Mage = 4.45 years, ranging from 4 to 5) from two underserved schools. MSC was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development, Second Edition (TGMD-2). PC was assessed using the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children. PA was assessed using ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometers during three consecutive school days. All assessments of MSC, PC, and PA were measured in identical conditions at schools at the baseline (T1) and the end of the eighth week (T2). We employed a cross-lagged model approach to understand the bidirectional relationships between MSC, PC, and PA. Results: The results showed that T1 MSC significantly predicted T2 MSC (p < 0.01) and T1 MSC significantly predicted T2 PA only in girls (p = 0.03). Additionally, a cross-lagged effect of T1 MSC and T2 PC was only observed in boys (p = 0.03). Lastly, a significant association for T1 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and T2 PC was only observed in girls (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Bidirectional relationships between the variables were not observed in preschoolers. However, significant gender differences were observed in each cross-lagged model.

Desempenho motor de habilidades fundamentais de estudantes de ambos os sexos do Ensino Fundamental

O objetivo do trabalho é determinar como está o desempenho motor global e nas habilidades motoras fundamentais de alunos do ensino fundamental I no geral e comparadas entre os sexos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que avaliou o desempenho motor de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade. Foram aferidas a massa e a estatura, determinadas a classe socioeconômica e a rotina dos participantes, e o desempenho motor foi avaliado através do Test of Gross Motor Development – 3 (TGMD-3). Foram adotadas as medidas de quociente motor amplo, escore bruto geral e por subteste, medidas por habilidades além da análise qualitativa. O desempenho motor global dos alunos está aquém do esperado para a idade, principalmente nas habilidades com bola. Ênfase para as meninas que foram ainda piores que os meninos, mais especificamente nas habilidades de quicar e chutar a bola. Conclui-se que os estímulos recebidos pelas crianças ao longo da vida, principalmente com manuseio de objetos, inclusive nas aulas de educação física, não foram o suficiente para desenvolver as habilidades motoras fundamentais das crianças.

Hubungan Peran Keluarga dengan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Disabilitas Intelektual

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan peran keluarga degan kemampuan motorik kasar anak disabilitas intelektual. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah responden tiga puluh delapan orang (n=38). Terdapat beberapa data primer yang dikumpulkan diantaranya peran keluarga, kemampuan motorik kasar, Pengambilan data tersebut menggunakan kuisioner Family Role Questionnaire (FRQ) dan Form Test Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2). Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji hubungan dengan Spearman Rho test didapatkan nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,000(p< 0.05) yang berarti adanya hubungan antara peran keluarga dengan kemampuan motorik kasar anak disabilitas intelektual, dengan nilai r =0.062 yang berarti adanya hubungan yang kuat antara peran keluarga dengan kemampuan motorik kasar anak disabilitas intelektual. Kata kunci : motorik kasar, peran keluarga, disabilitas intelektual. Abstract This study aims to see the relationship between family and gross motor skills of children with intellectual disabilities. This study used a cross-sectional design with thirty-eight respondents (n = 38). Some of the primary data collected included the role of the family, gross motor skills, data collection using the Family Role Questionnaire (FRQ) questionnaire and the Gross Motor Development 2 Test Form (TGMD-2). Based on the results of the analysis of the relationship test with the Spearman Rho test, it was obtained a significance value (p) of 0.000 (p <0.05), which means that there is a relationship between family roles and gross motor skills of children with intellectual disabilities, with a value of r = 0.062, which means that there is a strong relationship. between the role of the family and gross motor skills of children with intellectual disabilities. Key words: gross motor skills, family roles, intellectual disabilities.

Upaya Pengembangan Motorik Kasar Melalui Kegiatan Menari Di RA Imama Kedungpane Mijen Semarang

Dancing is one of the most interesting activities for children and can develop children's gross motor skills in a fun way. The fact that the high and low gross motor skills of the children are caused by the activities given by the teacher are less interesting, they do more fine motor activities compared to gross motor activities. This study aims to determine gross motor development through dance activities in group B1 at RA IMAMA Kedungpane Mijen Semarang.This research method is classroom action research (CAR) which is carried out in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was conducted with a total of 27 children. The instrument of this research is using observation guide and documentation guide.The results of the study concluded that: in the pre-action research, the results were 32.22%, then in the first cycle there was an increase in the average gross motor development reaching 55.74% and the second cycle the average gross motor development reaching 84.44%. This research is successful because it has reached the research indicator target of 75%.