scholarly journals Indoor air pollution and exposure assessment of the gulf cooperation council countries: A critical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 491-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoatey ◽  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Mahad Said Baawain ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council

Exposure Assessment for Indoor Air Pollution Associated With Household Fuel Heating in Urban Environment

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S363-S364
Author(s):  
K Szafraniec ◽  
Y Drossinos ◽  
L Marelli ◽  
A Borowiak ◽  
F Lagier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution

Association between human health and indoor air pollution in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoatey ◽  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Mahad Said Baawain ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Aynul Bari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants

AbstractStudies on the assessment of indoor air pollutants in terms of concentration and characterization in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been recently carried out. This review assesses the health effects associated with indoor air pollution exposures in GCC, including other air pollutants (siloxanes, flame retardants, synthetic phenolic antioxidants) which were not explored in a previous study. In addition, the influence of ventilation conditions due to different indoor environments was also investigated. It was revealed that there is a lack of human health assessment studies on most indoor air pollutants in almost all GCC countries, except the United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, where few attempts were made for some specific pollutants. Commonly reported plausible health effects potentially associated with indoor air pollution were related to respiratory symptoms and sick building syndrome (SBS). Many of the current health assessment studies in GCC countries were based on predictions and/or estimates of exposures rather than clinically based observational studies. Measured ventilation levels and indoor air velocities in most buildings failed to meet the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) threshold limits of 8 L/s/p and 0.18–0.25 m/s, respectively. Additionally, limited studies have investigated respiratory symptoms and SBS potentially attributable to poor ventilation in the region. It is highly recommended that future indoor air quality (IAQ) studies in GCC should focus more on epidemiologic and intervention studies.

scholarly journals Novel Approaches to Air Pollution Exposure and Clinical Outcomes Assessment in Environmental Health Studies

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaked Yarza ◽  
Lior Hassan ◽  
Alexandra Shtein ◽  
Dan Lesser ◽  
Lena Novack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Outcomes Assessment ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Clinical Outcomes Assessment

An accurate assessment of pollutants’ exposure and precise evaluation of the clinical outcomes pose two major challenges to the contemporary environmental health research. The common methods for exposure assessment are based on residential addresses and are prone to many biases. Pollution levels are defined based on monitoring stations that are sparsely distributed and frequently distanced far from residential addresses. In addition, the degree of an association between outdoor and indoor air pollution levels is not fully elucidated, making the exposure assessment all the more inaccurate. Clinical outcomes’ assessment, on the other hand, mostly relies on the access to medical records from hospital admissions and outpatients’ visits in clinics. This method differentiates by health care seeking behavior and is therefore, problematic in evaluation of an onset, duration, and severity of an outcome. In the current paper, we review a number of novel solutions aimed to mitigate the aforementioned biases. First, a hybrid satellite-based modeling approach provides daily continuous spatiotemporal estimations with improved spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km2 and 200 × 200 m2 grid, and thus allows a more accurate exposure assessment. Utilizing low-cost air pollution sensors allowing a direct measurement of indoor air pollution levels can further validate these models. Furthermore, the real temporal-spatial activity can be assessed by GPS tracking devices within the individuals’ smartphones. A widespread use of smart devices can help with obtaining objective measurements of some of the clinical outcomes such as vital signs and glucose levels. Finally, human biomonitoring can be efficiently done at a population level, providing accurate estimates of in-vivo absorbed pollutants and allowing for the evaluation of body responses, by biomarkers examination. We suggest that the adoption of these novel methods will change the research paradigm heavily relying on ecological methodology and support development of the new clinical practices preventing adverse environmental effects on human health.

Indoor air pollution and pulmonary performance: Investigating errors in exposure assessment

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1109-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Hasabelnaby ◽  
James H. Ware ◽  
Wayne A. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

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