scholarly journals Association of urinary metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, and phenoxy herbicides with endometriosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 105456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Jing Li ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Tzu-Chun Lin ◽  
Germaine M. Buck Louis ◽  
Kurunthachalam Kannan
1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Losito ◽  
C. A Owen ◽  
E. V Flock ◽  

SummaryThe metabolism of vitamin K1- 14C and menadione-14C (vitamin K3-14C) was studied in normal and hepateetomized rats. After the administration of menadione, about 70% of the 14C was excreted in the urine in 24 hrs in both types of rats. Two urinary metabolites were identified by enzymatic hydrolysis: one a glucuronide and the other a sulfate of reduced menadione. Thus, the liver is not necessary for the metabolism of menadione. In the vitamin K1 studies, the intact rats excreted only 10% of the 14C and the hepatectomized rats excreted less than 0.5%. The retention of vitamin K1 may explain its superiority over menadione as an antidote for overdosages of oral anticoagulants.


1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel F. Sisenwine ◽  
Ann L. Liu ◽  
Hazel B. Kimmel ◽  
Hans W. Ruelius

ABSTRACT The identification of 1β-hydroxynorgestrel among the urinary metabolites of dl-norgestrel and the facile transformation of this compound under mild alkaline conditions to a potentially oestrogenic phenol provide an experimental basis for the conclusion advanced by others that the oestrogens present in the urine of subjects treated with synthetic progestens are artifacts formed during analytical work-up. A method has been devised which eliminates 1-hydroxylated metabolites as potential sources of phenolic artifacts. This method is based on the reduction by NaBH4 of the 1-hydroxy-4-en-3-one grouping in the A ring thereby excluding the possibility of aromatization during later fractionation on a basic ion exchange resin that separates neutral from phenolic metabolites. In the urines of women treated with 14C-dl-nogestrel, only 0.17–0.27% of the dose is found to have phenolic properties when this method is used. Two of the phenolic metabolites, 18-homoethynyloestradiol and 16β-hydroxy-18-homoethynyloestradiol, are present in amounts smaller than 0.01 % of the dose. Without the reduction steps the percentages are noticeably higher, indicating artifact formation under alkaline conditions. Similar results were obtained with urines from African Green Monkeys (Cercopithecus Aethiops) that had been dosed with 14C-dl-norgestrel. Radiolabelled 18-homoethynyloestradiol and 16β-hydroxy-18-homoethynyloestradiol were isolated from monkey urine and their identity confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.


2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Stellman ◽  
Jeanne Mager Stellman

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gréen ◽  
O. Vesterqvist ◽  
V. Grill

Abstract. The in vivo synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin was estimated in 23 diabetics through measurements of the major urinary metabolites 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 and 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1α utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mean excretion was similar to that in non-diabetic subjects. The possible influence of hyperglycemia on the excretion of 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 and 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1α was evaluated in three ways: by measuring excretion before and during an acute 9-h normalization of hyperglycemia through an artificial pancreas (Biostator) as well as by comparing excretion before and 7–12 days or 40–180 days after the initiation of insulin treatment. Despite significant reducing effects on hyperglycemia or on levels of hemoglobin A1c, no effects on the excretion of the thromboxane and prostacyclin metabolites could be found. Abnormal formation of thromboxane or prostacyclin is not a generalized feature of the diabetic state.


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