Long-term trajectories of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia: A critical overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1002-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Shmukler ◽  
I.Y. Gurovich ◽  
M. Agius ◽  
Y. Zaytseva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Potential Factors

AbstractBackgroundCognitive disturbances are widely pronounced in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Whilst cognitive deficits are well established in the prodromal phase and are known to deteriorate at the onset of schizophrenia, there is a certain discrepancy of findings regarding the cognitive alterations over the course of the illness.MethodsWe bring together the results of the longitudinal studies identified through PubMed which have covered more than 3 years follow-up and to reflect on the potential factors, such as sample characteristics and stage of the illness which may contribute to the various trajectories of cognitive changes.ResultsA summary of recent findings comprising the changes of the cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients along the longitudinal course of the illness is provided. The potential approaches for addressing cognition in the course of schizophrenia are discussed.ConclusionsGiven the existing controversies on the course of cognitive changes in schizophrenia, differentiated approaches specifically focusing on the peculiarities of the clinical features and changes in specific cognitive domains could shed light on the trajectories of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and spectrum disorders.

Very Long-Term Outcome of Community-Dwelling Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in Rural Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 (12) ◽  
pp. 1012-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaios Peritogiannis ◽  
Aikaterini Grammeniati ◽  
Afroditi Gogou ◽  
Panagiota Gioti ◽  
Venetsanos Mavreas
Keyword(s):  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals The mirror mechanism in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Valizadeh ◽  
Nazanin Hedayati Amlashi ◽  
Anita Rasooli ◽  
Mathew Mbwogge ◽  
Ainaaz Haadi
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Cortical Motor ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Introduction: Mirror neurons are visuomotor neurons that perform mirror mechanisms, meaning each time an individual observes another individual performing an action, these neurons which encode that action, are activated in the observer’s cortical motor system. One of the cognitive domains of controversy in schizophrenia is Motor Resonance, also known as the Mirror Neuron System (MNS). In the current paper, we aim to review all the available literature regarding mirror mechanism examination in patients with schizophrenia and present an explicit summary of the available findings up to this date.Methods: We will search MEDLINE (through PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science for papers which evaluated the functional integrity of MNS, using Electroencephalography (EEG), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Eye-tracking, and muscle activation (EMG) in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We will perform a meta-synthesis based on vote counting methods on the data. We will also evaluate the publication bias using Funnel plots and assess the confidence in cumulative evidence using CERQual.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Method in the Differential Diagnosis of Cognitive Impairment in Children and Adolescents with Mental Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-157
Author(s):  
A. Sergienko
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Neuropsychological Diagnostics ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

The article describes the neuropsychological techniques which are applied in the clinical practice in child psychiatry. It describes a system of qualitative and quantitative neuropsychological diagnostics. The role of neuropsychological analysis of the cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in children and adolescents is reflected. Hierarchical cluster analysis according to neuropsychological diagnosis helps in the establishing the psychiatric diagnosis.

scholarly journals Approved and emerging smoking cessation treatments for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Caponnetto ◽  
Riccardo Polosa
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

This review focuses on smoking cessation treatments for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. It concludes with comments on the significance of the research and why it constitutes an original contribution. We searched PubMed (National Library of Medicine), and PsycINFO (Ovid) (2006-2020) for studies on schizophrenic disorder (schizophrenia or psychotic or psychosis or severe mental illness) and smoking cessation treatment (smoking cessation treatment or varenicline or tobacco cessation or reduction or bupropion or NRT or behavioral treatment or e-cigarette). Studies found evidence suggesting that pharmacotherapy combined with behavioural therapy for smoking cessation is effective amongst smokers with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, although more long-term research is required. This review summarised and critically reviewed also studies on vaping as a smoking cessation strategy for smokers with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and evidence suggests that they may effective as smoking cessation tool and may be less harmful alternatives to combustible cigarette smoking. Consequently, e-cigarettes could be considered as an applicable instrument for Tobacco Harm Reduction (THR) and smoking cessation. Overall, there are very few studies of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia and these studies are very small. They have promising results, but more research is needed.

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