Lower extremity muscle strength across the adult lifespan in multiple sclerosis: Implications for walking and stair climbing capacity

Background: Pilates-based core stability training (PBCST) is a controlled form of exercise that may improve the transmission of torque from the upper extremities and trunk to the lower extremities by enabling the core muscles to activate effectively. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PBCST given as supervised or home-based on lower extremity strength and postural control in multiple sclerosis. Methods: Fifty individuals were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups. Primary outcome measures were knee muscle strength and postural sway in different conditions. The supervised group received PBCST 2 days per week for 8 weeks at the clinic, and the other group performed PBCST at home. Exercises were progressed every 2 weeks in both groups. Results: Between groups, the supervised group was mostly superior to the home group ( p < 0.05). A significant improvement was noted in all parameters in both groups, except some sub-parameters of postural sway in home PBCST ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Supervised PBCST was determined to be more effective than home PBCST in improving strength, postural control, core stability, physical capacity, and fatigue. Although supervised training is the primary choice, home training can be recommended to patients who have limitations attending supervised sessions.

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Analysis of Lower Extremity Muscle Strength by the Classification of the Event Characteristics in Secondary School Athletes

Journal of educational Research Institute ◽

10.15564/jeju.2020.02.22.1.135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 135-146

Author(s):

Somi Yun ◽

Kihoon Lim ◽

Chulhyeong Park

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Secondary School ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle

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Effects of Sit Up Exercise using Gym Ball Unit on Lower Extremity Muscle Strength

The Journal of Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Science ◽

10.26862/jkpts.2018.09.25.2.35 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 35-46

Author(s):

Jung-Ae An ◽

Jin Lee ◽

Hyun-Soo Bang

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle

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Lower extremity muscle power – A critical determinant of physical function in aging and multiple sclerosis

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2021.111347 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111347

Author(s):

Rasmus A.W. Stagsted ◽

Cintia Ramari ◽

Anders G. Skjerbaek ◽

Cecilie Thrue ◽

Ulrik Dalgas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Physical Function ◽

Muscle Power ◽

Critical Determinant ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle

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Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s11556-021-00260-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chisato Hayashi ◽

Soshiro Ogata ◽

Tadashi Okano ◽

Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽

Sonoe Mashino

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Physical Function ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Group Exercise ◽

Community Based ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. Methods We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test’s participate. Results A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. Discussion Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. Conclusion Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.

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Six-minute walk distance predicts hospitalization in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients: a single-center prospective cohort study

Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

10.1186/s41100-021-00354-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroki Yabe ◽

Yuto Imoto ◽

Ayaka Onoyama ◽

Sayaka Ito ◽

Kenichi Kono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Exercise Intolerance ◽

Single Center ◽

Walk Distance ◽

Walk Speed ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The risk of adverse events associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) in elderly patients has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between physical function and hospitalization in elderly PD patients. Methods This is a single-center prospective observational cohort study. Thirty-three aged patients (74.8 ± 5.9 years) participated in a 6-min walk distance, short physical performance battery (SPPB), lower extremity muscle strength, and 10-m walk speed. All subjects were followed until hospitalization to the end of the follow-up period. Results The 6-min walk distance was 332 ± 112.5 m; SPPB was 11 (8.3–12) points; the lower extremity muscle strength was 36.6 ± 9.6%; 10-m walk speed was 1.1± 0.2 m/s. During the follow-up, 19 patients (57.5%) were hospitalized. In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test, a lower 6-min walk distance and PD vintage were significantly associated with hospitalization (p<0.05). After adjustment for PD vintage in Cox proportional analysis, the 6-min walk distance remained associated with hospitalization (95% confidence interval, 0.98–0.99). Conclusion Lower exercise tolerance assessed by the 6-min walk distance was significantly associated with hospitalization in elderly PD patients. Our findings indicate that measurement and intervention of exercise intolerance are essential to predict the clinical outcomes of elderly PD patients. Trial registration This study was prospectively registered at inception in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry under identification number UMIN000038405.

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Do Single-Leg Balance Control and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength Correlate with Ankle Instability and Leg Injuries in Young Ballet Dancers?

Journal of Dance Medicine & Science ◽

10.12678/1089-313x.061521f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

You-jou Hung ◽

Jenna Boehm ◽

Morgan Reynolds ◽

Kallee Whitehead ◽

Kaylyn Leland

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Balance Control ◽

Functional Ankle Instability ◽

Lower Extremity Injuries ◽

Ballet Dancers ◽

Leg Injuries ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle ◽

Extremity Injuries

Ankle injuries are common among young ballet dancers. These injuries may be attributed to ankle instability, insufficient lower extremity strength, and poor balance control. The purpose of this study was to explore whether these dancers exhibit functional ankle instability and if their single-leg balance control and lower extremity muscle strength correlate with functional ankle instability and leg injuries. Twenty-one ballet dancers (aged 10 to 17 years) participated in the study. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) questionnaire was used to examine functional ankle stability. Isometric muscle strength of the major lower extremity muscles was measured with a digital hand-held dynamometer. Single-leg balance was evaluated with the Y-Balance Test (YBT) and three Athletic Single-leg Stability Test (ASLST) protocols. Lower extremity injuries (self-reported) within 6 months after testing were recorded for correlation analyses. Both dominant and non-dominant ankles of the subjects exhibited functional ankle instability (26.71 and 25.71, respectively). Raising the center of mass (passé and first arm position) during the ASLST did not significantly affect balance performance (p = 0.104). However, removing extrinsic visual feedback significantly decreased single-leg balance (p < 0.001). In general, there was low correlation (r ≤ 0.49) between muscle strength, CAIT, YBT, and ASLST scores with lower extremity injuries. It is concluded that for young ballet dancers lower extremity muscle strength and single-leg balance control may not be strong contributing factors to leg injuries. This study also suggests that functional ankle stability may not have a direct impact on single-leg balance, and ballet dancers rely heavily on extrinsic visual feedback for single-leg balance control. Teachers might consider minimizing extrinsic feedback to challenge ballet dancers when implementing training protocols for single-leg balance control.

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