Peanut leaf area index, light interception, radiation use efficiency, and harvest index at three sites in Texas

2005 ◽  
Vol 91 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Kiniry ◽  
C.E. Simpson ◽  
A.M. Schubert ◽  
J.D. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

Impact of water deficit on light interception, radiation use efficiency and leaf area index in a potato crop (Solanum tuberosumL.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. CAMARGO ◽  
F. MONTOYA ◽  
M. A. MORENO ◽  
J. F. ORTEGA ◽  
J. I. CÓRCOLES
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

SUMMARYThe aim of the current research was to analyse the effect of four water irrigation treatments (1·20, 1·00, 0·80 and 0·60 of the crop water requirement) on the relationships among leaf area index (LAI), radiation use efficiency (RUE) and green canopy cover in a potato crop (Solanum tuberosumL.) cv. Agria. The crop was established in a commercial plot irrigated with a centre pivot system in Southeast Spain during the 2011 and 2012 seasons. In both seasons, the highest light absorption efficiency values occurred at the LAI value of 3 that corresponded to maximum ground cover. With regard to the irrigation treatment, a significant linear response was indicated for RUE. The results indicate that the 1·00 irrigation treatment produced the best result, improving water resources management without reducing crop yield.

scholarly journals Solar radiation use efficiency by soybean under field conditions in the Amazon region

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de Souza ◽  
Aristides Ribeiro ◽  
Edson José Paulino da Rocha ◽  
José Renato Bouça Farias ◽  
Renata Silva Loureiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of soybean (Glycine max) in intercepting and using solar radiation under natural field conditions, in the Amazon region, Brazil. The meteorological data and the values of soybean growth and leaf area were obtained from an agrometeorological experiment carried out in Paragominas, Pará state, during 2007 and 2008. The radiation use efficiency (RUE) was obtained from the ratio between the above-ground biomass production and the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) accumulated to 99 and 95 days after sowing, in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Climatic conditions during the experiment were very distinct, with reduction in rainfall in 2007, which began during the soybean mid-cycle, due to the El Niño phenomenon. An important reduction in the leaf area index and biomass production was observed during 2007. Under natural field conditions in the Amazon region, the values of RUE were 1.46 and 1.99 g MJ-1 PAR in the 2007 and 2008 experiments, respectively. The probable reason for the differences found between these years might be associated to the water restriction in 2007 coupled with the higher air temperature and vapor pressure deficit, and also to the increase in the fraction of diffuse radiation that reached the land surface in 2008.

scholarly journals Effect of tillage, residue and nitrogen management on radiation interception, radiation use efficiency and evapotranspiration partitioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
KOUSHIK BAG ◽  
K.K. BANDYOPADHYAY ◽  
V.K. SEHGAL ◽  
A. SARANGI ◽  
P. KRISHNAN
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of different tillage (conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT)), residue (with crop residue mulch (R+) and without residue (R0)) and nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kgN ha-1) interaction for radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (RUE), evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning and yield of wheat in a split-split plot design for 2017-18 and 2018-19. Results showed that Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf area duration (LAD), Total intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (TIPAR), Grain and Biomass yields were higher in R+ during both the years of study. With increasing Ndoses LAI, LAD, TIPAR, RUE, grain and biomass yields increased and extinction coefficient decreased significantly in both the years. Fraction intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (fIPAR) followed a similar trend with LAI. Seasonal ET was partitioned into soil evaporation (Ep) and crop transpiration (Tp) to take into account the productive transpiration effects on crop growth and yield. It was found that NT and residue could reduce Ep (6% and 5.6%) and increased Tp (2.6% and 2.4%) over CT and no mulch treatments, respectively. With higher N-dose, Ep decreased while Tp increased significantly. Thus besides higher nitrogen doses, NT and crop residue mulching could be a better strategy to harness higher radiation interception vis-a-vis higher crop productivity.

Distribution of nitrogen and radiation use efficiency in peanut canopies

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Wright ◽  
GL Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Allocation Pattern ◽  
Cool Environment ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

The allocation pattern of leaf nitrogen throughout a crop canopy can theoretically affect crop photosynthetic performance and radiation use efficiency (RUE). No information is available on the existence of leaf nitrogen gradients in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) canopies, nor on how these gradients might impact on RUE. Peanut crops (cv. Tifton-8) were grown in warm and cool environments, and the canopy profiles of leaf area index, light interception, specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC) and specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) were examined at 73 and 112 days after planting. Crop RUE was also measured during this period. There was a marked decline in SLN from the top to the base of the canopy in both environments. The gradient in SLN occurred due to changes in SLW and LNC in the warm environment, but only due to changes in SLW in the cool environment. The gradient appeared to be largely controlled by the light environment within the canopy, as evidenced by the commonality (across environments) of the relationship between SLN and cumulative light interception throughout the canopy. Radiation use efficiency was 33% higher in the crop grown in the warm compared to the cool environment, suggesting that cool temperatures can limit RUE in peanut. For the crop at the warm site, RUE was 32% higher than the theoretical RUE assuming a uniform SLN distribution in the canopy. It is suggested that the existence of non-uniform SLN distribution in the canopy may allow enhanced RUE compared to canopies with uniform SLN distribution.

Estimates of physiological determinants forAmaranthus retroflexus

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan Z. Knezevic ◽  
Michael J. Horak ◽  
Richard L. Vanderlip
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

Redroot pigweed is a troublesome weed in the sorghum-growing regions of North America. In 1994 and 1995, field studies were conducted at two locations near Manhattan, KS, to determine the influence of redroot pigweed density and environmental conditions on physiological determinants of redroot pigweed growth: duration of plant growth, light interception, radiation-use efficiency, and dry matter partitioning. In addition, specific leaf area was determined. Redroot pigweed was seeded at monoculture densities of 2, 4, and 12 plants m−1of row each year at each location. Duration of redroot pigweed growth was not influenced by plant density. Light interception was defined as a simple exponential function of leaf area index. Specific leaf area did not change over the season and averaged 135 cm2g−1. Partitioning of redroot pigweed dry matter was not influenced by plant density or environmental conditions but did not change within vegetative and reproductive stages. Radiation-use efficiency was not influenced by redroot pigweed density; the most reliable estimate was 1.74 g dry matter MJ−1of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation. Physiological determinants described were not affected by redroot pigweed density or environmental conditions and therefore provide a starting point for the development of a redroot pigweed growth module. The module could be coupled with available crop growth models (e.g., the sorghum growth model SORKAM) to simulate redroot pigweed–sorghum competition.

scholarly journals Grafting effect on photosynthetic activity and yield of tomato under a plastic house in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 9621-9629
Author(s):  
Jamer Alexis Ramirez Jimenez ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Ribeiro Marchiori ◽  
Oscar de Jesús Córdoba-Gaona
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Use

Grafting is an effective approach to improve tomato yield and for tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. This technique consists of using a vigorous or resistant plant (rootstock) to replace the root system of a genotype of economic interest (scion) but susceptible to one or more stress factors. The present work aimed to evaluate the physiological and productive response of a commercial tomato scion grafted on different rootstocks in Colombia’s high-Andean region. For this purpose, a tomato cv. Libertador was grafted on two commercial (“Olimpo” and “Armada”) tomato rootstocks in a randomized complete block experimental design. Four scion×rootstock combinations were evaluated by vigor rootstock, resistant rootstock, self-grafting, and non-grafted plants. Net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and radiation use efficiency were evaluated during six phenological stages (701, 704, 706, 708, 710, and 712), according to the BBCH scale; while the leaf area index and quantum yield were analyzed in five phenological stages (except 706). The highest values of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, water and radiation use efficiency were registered in the initial phase of the production stage (701), which tended to decline at the end of the life cycle (712). Transpiration rate was similar throughout the growth cycle. Nevertheless, vigor rootstock presented the lowest photosynthesis rate; it was superior in terms of leaf area index, leaves dry matter, and tomato yield. The quantum yield values of the photosystem II did not indicate photochemical injuries in any of the scion×rootstock combinations. The higher tomato yield was reached in vigor rootstock and was associated with a more significant accumulation of dry matter in the leaf and higher leaf area index.

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