Canopy temperature on clear and cloudy days can be used to estimate varietal differences in stomatal conductance in rice

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Takai ◽  
Masahiro Yano ◽  
Toshio Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Varietal Differences

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Stress on Yield, Its Components and Some Physiological Traits at Different Growth Stages in Grain Sorghum Genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Ali AZARINASRABAD ◽  
Seyyed Mohsen MOUSAVINIK ◽  
Mohammad GALAVI ◽  
Seyyed Alireza BEHESHTI ◽  
Alireza SIROUSMEHR
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Radiation Use

Investigation on yield improvement and development under drought condition using breeding techniques is difficult, due to the association with low heritability of specific traits. Even more, investigation of physiological indicators (stomatal conductance, chlorophyll index, relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence, canopy temperature, radiation use efficiency, stay-green etc.) is of interest as they are more accessible, with a low cost, therefore these indicators of physiological traits can be used as good criteria in selecting valuable species. In order to evaluate the effects of water stress on grain yield, its components and some physiological traits of grain sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L.), a field experiment using split plot design with three replications was carried. The main plots included three water stress treatments: normal irrigation as control, halting irrigation at the stage of terminal leaf emergence and halting irrigation at the stage of 50% flowering. The sub-plots included 10 genotypes of sorghum (‘KGS29’, ‘MGS2’, ‘Sepideh’, ‘KGFS27’, ‘MGS5’, ‘KGFS5’, ‘KGFS17’, ‘KGFS13’ and ‘KGFS30’). Results showed that water stress significantly decreased grain yield and its components (1,000 seed weight, number of seed per panicle) and had various effects on physiological traits. The water stress increased canopy temperature and radiation use efficiency, while stomatal conductance, chlorophyll index (SPAD) and stay-green of genotypes were decreased; the maximum efficiency of photosystem II of photosynthesis remained unchanged between the treatments. Genotypes turned out to have significantly different responses to the drought treatments for all the studied traits, indicating the existence of a high variability among them. In general, physiological traits could be used as good indicators in water stress investigations and might provide comprehensive information as compared with morphological traits.

scholarly journals A Two-Big-Leaf Model for Canopy Temperature, Photosynthesis, and Stomatal Conductance

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2281-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjiu Dai ◽  
Robert E. Dickinson ◽  
Ying-Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Big Leaf Model ◽  
Leaf Model

scholarly journals Physiological Factors and their Relationship with the Productivity of Processing Tomato under Different Water Supplies

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Nemeskéri ◽  
András Neményi ◽  
András Bőcs ◽  
Zoltán Pék ◽  
Lajos Helyes
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Setting

Measurement of physiological traits can be used to monitor plant water status, for irrigation scheduling or to predict the expected yield in open-field production of vegetables. This study evaluates the changes in stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and canopy temperature at different stages of development of processing tomato to show their relationships with the yield and quality under well-irrigated, deficit irrigated, and non-irrigated conditions. Under non-irrigated conditions, during flowering with fruit setting and early fruit development the highest canopy temperature, lowest stomatal conductance, and Fv/Fm were measured, while the SPAD value was the highest. Under this condition, the correlation between the SPAD value, fruit weight, and marketing yield was positive, but it was negative with the total soluble solid (°Brix). During flowering with fruit setting, under deficit irrigation conditions a close significant positive correlation was found between the SPAD value and the fruit weight, marketing yield, and vitamin C content of fruits. During this period, under regularly irrigated conditions, the SPAD, Fv/Fm, and canopy temperature related to stomatal conductance. Stomatal conductance had significant influence on yield and quality under non-irrigated and well-irrigated conditions while the SPAD value and canopy temperature had significant influence on under deficit irrigated conditions.

scholarly journals Canopy Temperature as a Key Physiological Trait to Improve Yield Prediction under Water Restrictions in Potato

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Johan Ninanya ◽  
David A. Ramírez ◽  
Javier Rinza ◽  
Cecilia Silva-Díaz ◽  
Marcelo Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
Water Treatments

Canopy temperature (CT) as a surrogate of stomatal conductance has been highlighted as an essential physiological indicator for optimizing irrigation timing in potatoes. However, assessing how this trait could help improve yield prediction will help develop future decision support tools. In this study, the incorporation of CT minus air temperature (dT) in a simple ecophysiological model was analyzed in three trials between 2017 and 2018, testing three water treatments under drip (DI) and furrow (FI) irrigations. Water treatments consisted of control (irrigated until field capacity) and two-timing irrigation based on physiological thresholds (CT and stomatal conductance). Two model perspectives were implemented based on soil water balance (P1) and using dT as the penalizing factor (P2), affecting the biomass dynamics and radiation use efficiency parameters. One of the trials was used for model calibration and the other two for validation. Statistical indicators of the model performance determined a better yield prediction at harvest for P2, especially under maximum stress conditions. The P1 and P2 perspectives showed their highest coefficient of determination (R2) and lowest root-mean-squared error (RMSE) under DI and FI, respectively. In the future, the incorporation of CT combining low-cost infrared devices/sensors with spatial crop models, satellite image information, and telemetry technologies, an adequate decision support system could be implemented for water requirement determination and yield prediction in potatoes.

scholarly journals Effect of water supply on canopy temperature, stomatal conductance and yield quantity of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Helyes ◽  
A. Bőcs ◽  
Z. Pék
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Positive Effect

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most extensively cultivated horticultural crops in the world.Water supply is important for yield quantity and quality. The aims of the present study were 1) to evaluate the canopy temperature and the stomatal conductance on processing tomato substances with different water supply, 2) to investigate the effect of different water supply on yield quantity. There were two irrigated treatments, one of them was the reguralry irrigated plant stand which got 333 mm water during investigated period, including the precipitation and the other was the cut off substance which means the irrigation (drip) was stopped at the beginning of the ripening process and there was a control as well which got 189 mm precipitation. The canopy temperature was measured row by row with a Raytek MX 4 type infrared remote thermometer. The stomatal conductance was measured by Delta-T AP4 type porometer. There were significant differences between the control and irrigated plants according to the water supply which was formulated the canopy values. The plants with a deficient water supply were decreased the transpiration rate, therefore its cooling effect didn’t show up. The regularly irrigated tomato plants’ yield exceeded the unirrigated ones more than twice. It is emerged from the study that the irrigation has a positive effect on the amount of the harvestable yield in this year type.

Agronomic and physiological assessments of genotypic variation for drought resistance in sorghum

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Blum ◽  
J Mayer ◽  
G Golan
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Leaf Rolling ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Drought Resistant

This study was designed to assess genotypic variability for drought resistance in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) and to conclude on the possible physiological differences between drought resistant and drought susceptible genotypes.Grain yield under drought stress ranged from 184 to 943 g m-2 and relative yield ranged from 35.8 to 103.5% among genotypes. Yield (but not relative yield) under stress was decreased (r= -0.89**) with a longer growth duration of gentoypes. Both stover yield and total biomass under stress increased (r = 0.69** and r = 0.72**, respectively), while harvest index decreased (r = 0.80**) with longer growth duration. Genotypes differed significantly in leaf water potential (LWP), canopy temperature, leaf rolling, leaf carbon exchange rate (CER), stomatal conductance and osmotic adjustment. These data were averaged for the four best ('drought resistant'-R) and the two poorest ('drought susceptible'-S) genotypes in terms of their absolute and relative yields under stress. Compared with S, the R genotypes were earlier in heading and had higher LWP, lower canopy temperature and higher stomatal conductance. While leaf rolling was similar in R and S genotypes, it was found to increase as LWP decreased across all genotypes. Under these stress conditions variations in CER among genotypes on given dates appeared to be affected more by phenology than by plant water status.

Tomato yield-evapotranspiration relationships, seasonal canopy temperature and stomatal conductance as affected by irrigation

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Humid Region ◽  
Different Levels

The effects of irrigation on evapotranspiration (ET), yield, crop canopy temperature and stomatal conductance of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were investigated in Fox sandy loam in the sub-humid region of southwestern Ontario between 1979 and 1982. Optimum yields were obtained with 300–400 mm of total applied water (rainfall plus irrigation). There appeared to be a distinct threshold seasonal ET value of 88 mm, below which yield was negligible and above which yield rose linearly with the seasonal ET rate. The values of crop canopy temperature and leaf stomatal conductance were not significantly different among different levels of irrigation. Leaf stomatal conductance was significantly lower for non-irrigated tomatoes in a dry year indicating that they were subjected to the greater degree of water stress. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, irrigation, water stress

Genomic regions for canopy temperature and their genetic association with stomatal conductance and grain yield in wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Rebetzke ◽  
Allan R. Rattey ◽  
Graham D. Farquhar ◽  
Richard A. Richards ◽  
Anthony (Tony) G. Condon
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Leaf Variation ◽  
Genomic Regions

Stomata are the site of CO2 exchange for water in a leaf. Variation in stomatal control offers promise in genetic improvement of transpiration and photosynthetic rates to improve wheat performance. However, techniques for estimating stomatal conductance (SC) are slow, limiting potential for efficient measurement and genetic modification of this trait. Genotypic variation in canopy temperature (CT) and leaf porosity (LP), as surrogates for SC, were assessed in three wheat mapping populations grown under well-watered conditions. The range and resulting genetic variance were large but not always repeatable across days and years for CT and LP alike. Leaf-to-leaf variation was large for LP, reducing heritability to near zero on a single-leaf basis. Replication across dates and years increased line-mean heritability to ~75% for both CT and LP. Across sampling dates and populations, CT showed a large, additive genetic correlation with LP (rg = –0.67 to –0.83) as expected. Genetic increases in pre-flowering CT were associated with reduced final plant height and both increased harvest index and grain yield but were uncorrelated with aerial biomass. In contrast, post-flowering, cooler canopies were associated with greater aerial biomass and increased grain number and yield. A multi-environment QTL analysis identified up to 16 and 15 genomic regions for CT and LP, respectively, across all three populations. Several of the LP and CT QTL co-located with known QTL for plant height and phenological development and intervals for many of the CT and LP quantitative trait loci (QTL) overlapped, supporting a common genetic basis for the two traits. Notably, both Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing alleles were paradoxically positive for LP and CT (i.e. semi-dwarfs had higher stomatal conductance but warmer canopies) highlighting the issue of translation from leaf to canopy in screening for greater transpiration. The strong requirement for repeated assessment of SC suggests the more rapid CT assessment may be of greater value for indirect screening of high or low SC among large numbers of early-generation breeding lines. However, account must be taken of variation in development and canopy architecture when interpreting performance and selecting breeding lines on the basis of CT.

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