Tomato yield-evapotranspiration relationships, seasonal canopy temperature and stomatal conductance as affected by irrigation

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Humid Region ◽  
Different Levels

The effects of irrigation on evapotranspiration (ET), yield, crop canopy temperature and stomatal conductance of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were investigated in Fox sandy loam in the sub-humid region of southwestern Ontario between 1979 and 1982. Optimum yields were obtained with 300–400 mm of total applied water (rainfall plus irrigation). There appeared to be a distinct threshold seasonal ET value of 88 mm, below which yield was negligible and above which yield rose linearly with the seasonal ET rate. The values of crop canopy temperature and leaf stomatal conductance were not significantly different among different levels of irrigation. Leaf stomatal conductance was significantly lower for non-irrigated tomatoes in a dry year indicating that they were subjected to the greater degree of water stress. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, irrigation, water stress

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Stress on Yield, Its Components and Some Physiological Traits at Different Growth Stages in Grain Sorghum Genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Ali AZARINASRABAD ◽  
Seyyed Mohsen MOUSAVINIK ◽  
Mohammad GALAVI ◽  
Seyyed Alireza BEHESHTI ◽  
Alireza SIROUSMEHR
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Radiation Use

Investigation on yield improvement and development under drought condition using breeding techniques is difficult, due to the association with low heritability of specific traits. Even more, investigation of physiological indicators (stomatal conductance, chlorophyll index, relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence, canopy temperature, radiation use efficiency, stay-green etc.) is of interest as they are more accessible, with a low cost, therefore these indicators of physiological traits can be used as good criteria in selecting valuable species. In order to evaluate the effects of water stress on grain yield, its components and some physiological traits of grain sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L.), a field experiment using split plot design with three replications was carried. The main plots included three water stress treatments: normal irrigation as control, halting irrigation at the stage of terminal leaf emergence and halting irrigation at the stage of 50% flowering. The sub-plots included 10 genotypes of sorghum (‘KGS29’, ‘MGS2’, ‘Sepideh’, ‘KGFS27’, ‘MGS5’, ‘KGFS5’, ‘KGFS17’, ‘KGFS13’ and ‘KGFS30’). Results showed that water stress significantly decreased grain yield and its components (1,000 seed weight, number of seed per panicle) and had various effects on physiological traits. The water stress increased canopy temperature and radiation use efficiency, while stomatal conductance, chlorophyll index (SPAD) and stay-green of genotypes were decreased; the maximum efficiency of photosystem II of photosynthesis remained unchanged between the treatments. Genotypes turned out to have significantly different responses to the drought treatments for all the studied traits, indicating the existence of a high variability among them. In general, physiological traits could be used as good indicators in water stress investigations and might provide comprehensive information as compared with morphological traits.

scholarly journals Effect of water supply on canopy temperature, stomatal conductance and yield quantity of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Helyes ◽  
A. Bőcs ◽  
Z. Pék
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Positive Effect

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most extensively cultivated horticultural crops in the world.Water supply is important for yield quantity and quality. The aims of the present study were 1) to evaluate the canopy temperature and the stomatal conductance on processing tomato substances with different water supply, 2) to investigate the effect of different water supply on yield quantity. There were two irrigated treatments, one of them was the reguralry irrigated plant stand which got 333 mm water during investigated period, including the precipitation and the other was the cut off substance which means the irrigation (drip) was stopped at the beginning of the ripening process and there was a control as well which got 189 mm precipitation. The canopy temperature was measured row by row with a Raytek MX 4 type infrared remote thermometer. The stomatal conductance was measured by Delta-T AP4 type porometer. There were significant differences between the control and irrigated plants according to the water supply which was formulated the canopy values. The plants with a deficient water supply were decreased the transpiration rate, therefore its cooling effect didn’t show up. The regularly irrigated tomato plants’ yield exceeded the unirrigated ones more than twice. It is emerged from the study that the irrigation has a positive effect on the amount of the harvestable yield in this year type.

The Influence of Water Stress on the Physiology and Competition of Soybean (Glycine max) and Florida Beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum)

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair S. Griffin ◽  
Donn G. Shilling ◽  
Jerry M. Bennett ◽  
Wayne L. Currey
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Soybean Leaf ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Optimum Water

Replacement studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions to determine if available soil water influences the competitive interaction between soybean and Florida beggarweed. Stomatal conductance and leaf water potential were determined for both species under different levels of available soil water to identify possible mechanisms involved in changes in the relative competitiveness induced by the water deficits. Soybean leaf area and aboveground biomass were greater than for Florida beggarweed under optimum water, but equal to or less than Florida beggarweed with water stress. Soybean was more competitive than Florida beggarweed when there was adequate soil water but less competitive than Florida beggarweed under water stress. Stomatal conductance was higher for soybean with optimum soil water (at high leaf water potentials) but equal to Florida beggarweed as soil water became limiting (low leaf water potentials). These data indicated that water stress differentially affected soybean and Florida beggarweed.

scholarly journals Intelligent thermal image-based sensor for affordable measurement of crop canopy temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 106319
Author(s):  
Jaime Giménez-Gallego ◽  
Juan D. González-Teruel ◽  
Fulgencio Soto-Valles ◽  
Manuel Jiménez-Buendía ◽  
Honorio Navarro-Hellín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Thermal Image ◽  
Crop Canopy

Growth, photosynthesis and productivity of greenhouse tomato cultivated in open or closed rockwool systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Hao ◽  
A. P. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Greenhouse Tomato ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Environmentally Sound

Two full spring season tomato crops (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. “Trust”) were grown in an open rockwool system with standard rockwool feeding formulae (O-R; conventional method), and in closed rockwool systems with standard rockwool (C-R) or Nutrient Film Technique (C-NFT) feeding formulae (modified in 1997) in 1996 and 1997 to examine the feasibility of a fully closed rockwool production system with appropriate feeding formulae. The closed rockwool system with optimized feeding formulae achieved high marketable yield, similar to that of the open rockwool system. There were no differences in early plant growth, plant biomass or biomass partitioning, and in total fruit yield, size and grades except for the closed rockwool system with the standard rockwool feeding formulae (C-R), which had lower yield than C-NFT in the last month of harvest in 1996. The photosynthesis of old foliage was higher and the root systems at the end of the experiments were rated healthier in plants grown in the closed (C-R and C-NFT) systems than in plants grown in the open (O-R) system. Over 30% of water and fertilizer was saved with the closed systems in comparison to the conventional open system. These results demonstrated that closed rockwool systems with optimized nutrient feedings are economically and environmentally sound alternative methods for greenhouse tomato production in Ontario. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, tomato, yield, recycling, rockwool, greenhouse

Yield response of a mature hedgerow oil olive orchard to different levels of water stress during pit hardening

2022 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 107374
Author(s):  
M. Corell ◽  
D. Pérez-López ◽  
L. Andreu ◽  
R. Recena ◽  
A. Centeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Olive Orchard ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Drought resistance of sugar-cane crop for different levels of water availability in the soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando da S. Barbosa ◽  
Rubens D. Coelho ◽  
Rafael Maschio ◽  
Carlos J. G. de S. Lima ◽  
Everaldo M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Different Levels

Soil water availability is the main cause of reduced productivity, and the early development period most sensitive to water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of the varieties of sugar-cane RB867515 and SP81-3250 during the early development using different levels of water deficit on four soil depths. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biosystems at Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ/USP) in a greenhouse in soil classified as Oxisol, sandy loam texture (Series "Sertãozinho"). Once exhausted the level of available water in the soil, the dry strength of the studied strains are relatively low. Water balance with values less than -13 mm cause a significant decrease in the final population of plants, regardless of the variety, and values below -35 mm, leads to the death of all plants.

scholarly journals Effects of soil water depletion on the water relations in tropical kudzu

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1151-1157
Author(s):  
Adaucto Bellarmino de Pereira-Netto ◽  
Antonio Celso Novaes de Magalhães ◽  
Hilton Silveira Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Water Depletion ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Water Depletion ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Dry Soil

Tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth., Leguminosae: Faboideae) is native to the humid Southeastern Asia. Tropical kudzu has potential as a cover crop in regions subjected to dryness. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of soil water depletion on leaflet relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (g) and temperature (T L) in tropical kudzu. RWC of waterstressed plants dropped from 96 to 78%, following a reduction in SWC from 0.25 to 0.17 g (H2O).g (dry soil)-1.Stomatal conductance of stressed plants decreased from 221 to 98 mmol.m-2.s-1, following the reduction in soil water content (SWC). The day after re-irrigation, g of water stressed plants was 15% lower than g of unstressed plants. Differences in T L between waterstressed and unstressed plants (deltaT L) rose linearly from 0.1 to 2.2ºC following progressive water deficit. RWC and T L of waterstressed plants paralled RWC and T L of unstressed plants the day after reirrigation. The strong decrease in SWC found in this study only induced moderate water stress in tropical kudzu. In addition, tropical kudzu recover rapidly from the induced water stress after the re-irrigation.

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