Разработана экспериментальная методика определения механизма огнезащитного действия антипиренов на основе изучения кинетики термической и термоокислительной деструкции древесины. Отработка методики проведена на антипирене MgCl (бишофит). Методика основывается на количественной оценке при термическом разложении древесины выхода продуктов деструкции: CO, CO, дымового аэрозоля. В качестве приборной базы используются хроматографы, фотометр фотоэлектрический для аэрозолей, спектрофотометр.
Water with various additives is used during extinguishing forest fires. Fire-retardants are used as additives in most cases. The selection of fire-retardants depends on the level of increase in extinguishing effectiveness at their addition to water. The purpose of this work is to develop an experimental method for evaluating the fireproof effect of flame retardants solutions. This method is based on the investigation of the kinetics of thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of treated wood with flame retardants and untreated wood. In practice, bischofite and diammonium phosphate are often used as additives. Investigations were conducted using MgCl (bischofite). The explanation of the fireproof effect of the bischofite solution is based on the study of the yield of decomposition products (CO, CO, smoke aerosol) of wood treated with fire-retardant and untreated wood. The instrument base includes chromatographs «Gasochrom 3101», «Tsvet 152», photoelectric photometer for aerosols, spectrophotometer IKS-29. Wood samples were subjected to thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation in nitrogen flow or air flow with a volume velocity of 60 ml · min. Pulse heating in the pyrolysis furnace was carried out in the temperature range from 350 to 550 °C. The significant increase in fire resistance of wood treated with fire-retardant was found as a result of researches using the proposed method. It was shown that the theory of the coating layer, thermal and gas theory of catalytic dehydration are not suitable for explaining the mechanism of fireproof action of an aqueous solution of magnesium halides. Although it is not excluded the inhibition of gas-phase oxidation of cellulose degradation products by hydrogen halides released when heating aqueous solutions of magnesium halides.
Acyl moiety and temperature affects thermo-oxidative degradation of steryl esters. Cytotoxicity of the degradation products
